Resource Selection for Signal Transmission

ABSTRACT

A base station and/or a wireless device may perform a communication procedure. A downlink transmission for initiating the communication may indicate an antenna panel for transmission of an uplink signal from the wireless device. A slot for transmission of the uplink signal may be determined based on an antenna panel activation delay.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to and is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 16/993,769, filed on Aug. 14, 2020, which claimsthe benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/886,465, filed onAug. 14, 2019. Each of the above-referenced applications is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

A random access procedure is used to establish communications or set upa connection between a wireless device and a base station. The basestation and the wireless device exchange communications for the randomaccess procedure.

SUMMARY

The following summary presents a simplified summary of certain features.The summary is not an extensive overview and is not intended to identifykey or critical elements.

Wireless communications between a wireless device and a base station aredescribed. A wireless device and a base station may establishcommunications and/or set up a connection. For example, the wirelessdevice and/or the base station may perform a random access procedure.The random access procedure may be initiated by a control messagerequesting an uplink transmission from a wireless device. The controlmessage may indicate information associated with the uplinktransmission, such as an indication of a downlink beam to be measuredfor determining a transmission power for the uplink transmission, anindication of an uplink beam, and/or an indication of an antenna panelto be used for the uplink transmission. The uplink transmission mayaccount for various delays such as an antenna panel activation delay.Various examples described herein may enable efficient control signalingand/or accurate transmission power determination for a random accessprocedure.

These and other features and advantages are described in greater detailbelow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some features are shown by way of example, and not by limitation, in theaccompanying drawings. In the drawings, like numerals reference similarelements.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B show example communication networks.

FIG. 2A shows an example user plane.

FIG. 2B shows an example control plane configuration.

FIG. 3 shows example of protocol layers.

FIG. 4A shows an example downlink data flow for a user planeconfiguration.

FIG. 4B shows an example format of a Medium Access Control (MAC)subheader in a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU).

FIG. 5A shows an example mapping for downlink channels.

FIG. 5B shows an example mapping for uplink channels.

FIG. 6 shows example radio resource control (RRC) states and RRC statetransitions.

FIG. 7 shows an example configuration of a frame.

FIG. 8 shows an example resource configuration of one or more carriers.

FIG. 9 shows an example configuration of bandwidth parts (BWPs).

FIG. 10A shows example carrier aggregation configurations based oncomponent carriers.

FIG. 10B shows example group of cells.

FIG. 11A shows an example mapping of one or more synchronizationsignal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) blocks.

FIG. 11B shows an example mapping of one or more channel stateinformation reference signals (CSI-RSs).

FIG. 12A shows examples of downlink beam management procedures.

FIG. 12B shows examples of uplink beam management procedures.

FIG. 13A shows an example four-step random access procedure.

FIG. 13B shows an example two-step random access procedure.

FIG. 13C shows an example two-step random access procedure.

FIG. 14A shows an example of control resource set (CORESET)configurations.

FIG. 14B shows an example of a control channel element to resourceelement group (CCE-to-REG) mapping.

FIG. 15A shows an example of communications between a wireless deviceand a base station.

FIG. 15B shows example elements of a computing device that may be usedto implement any of the various devices described herein

FIG. 16A, FIG. 16B, FIG. 16C, and FIG. 16D show examples of uplink anddownlink signal transmission.

FIG. 17 shows an example of a transmission configuration indication.

FIGS. 18A and 18B show examples of beam management for transmissionsbetween a base station and a wireless device.

FIG. 19 shows an example random access procedure.

FIG. 20 shows an example random access procedure.

FIG. 21 shows an example random access procedure.

FIG. 22 shows an example method at a base station for a random accessprocedure.

FIG. 23 shows an example method at a wireless device for a random accessprocedure.

FIG. 24 shows example communications for a random access procedurecomprising antenna panel determination.

FIG. 25 shows example associations/mappings between one or more randomaccess preamble indicators/indices and a plurality of antenna panels ata wireless device.

FIG. 26 shows example associations/mappings between one or morereference signal indicators/indices and a plurality of antenna panels ata wireless device.

FIG. 27 shows example associations/mappings between CORESETindicators/indices and a plurality of antenna panels at a wirelessdevice.

FIG. 28 shows example associations/mappings between search space setindicators/indices and a plurality of antenna panels at a wirelessdevice.

FIG. 29 shows an example method for a random access procedure at awireless device.

FIG. 30 shows an example method for a random access procedure at awireless device.

FIG. 31 shows example communications for a random access procedureaccommodating an antenna panel activation delay at a wireless device.

FIG. 32 shows an example method for a random access procedure at awireless device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The accompanying drawings and descriptions provide examples. It is to beunderstood that the examples shown in the drawings and/or described arenon-exclusive, and that features shown and described may be practiced inother examples. Examples are provided for operation of wirelesscommunication systems, which may be used in the technical field ofmulticarrier communication systems. More particularly, the technologydisclosed herein may relate to random access procedures.

FIG. 1A shows an example communication network 100. The communicationnetwork 100 may comprise a mobile communication network). Thecommunication network 100 may comprise, for example, a public landmobile network (PLMN) operated/managed/run by a network operator. Thecommunication network 100 may comprise one or more of a core network(CN) 102, a radio access network (RAN) 104, and/or a wireless device106. The communication network 100 may comprise, and/or a device withinthe communication network 100 may communicate with (e.g., via CN 102),one or more data networks (DN(s)) 108. The wireless device 106 maycommunicate with one or more DNs 108, such as public DNs (e.g., theInternet), private DNs, and/or intra-operator DNs. The wireless device106 may communicate with the one or more DNs 108 via the RAN 104 and/orvia the CN 102. The CN 102 may provide/configure the wireless device 106with one or more interfaces to the one or more DNs 108. As part of theinterface functionality, the CN 102 may set up end-to-end connectionsbetween the wireless device 106 and the one or more DNs 108,authenticate the wireless device 106, provide/configure chargingfunctionality, etc.

The wireless device 106 may communicate with the RAN 104 via radiocommunications over an air interface. The RAN 104 may communicate withthe CN 102 via various communications (e.g., wired communications and/orwireless communications). The wireless device 106 may establish aconnection with the CN 102 via the RAN 104. The RAN 104 mayprovide/configure scheduling, radio resource management, and/orretransmission protocols, for example, as part of the radiocommunications. The communication direction from the RAN 104 to thewireless device 106 over/via the air interface may be referred to as thedownlink and/or downlink communication direction. The communicationdirection from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 over/via the airinterface may be referred to as the uplink and/or uplink communicationdirection. Downlink transmissions may be separated and/or distinguishedfrom uplink transmissions, for example, based on at least one of:frequency division duplexing (FDD), time-division duplexing (TDD), anyother duplexing schemes, and/or one or more combinations thereof.

As used throughout, the term “wireless device” may comprise one or moreof: a mobile device, a fixed (e.g., non-mobile) device for whichwireless communication is configured or usable, a computing device, anode, a device capable of wirelessly communicating, or any other devicecapable of sending and/or receiving signals. As non-limiting examples, awireless device may comprise, for example: a telephone, a cellularphone, a Wi-Fi phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a computer, a laptop, asensor, a meter, a wearable device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device,a hotspot, a cellular repeater, a vehicle road side unit (RSU), a relaynode, an automobile, a wireless user device (e.g., user equipment (UE),a user terminal (UT), etc.), an access terminal (AT), a mobile station,a handset, a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), a wirelesscommunication device, and/or any combination thereof.

The RAN 104 may comprise one or more base stations (not shown). As usedthroughout, the term “base station” may comprise one or more of: a basestation, a node, a Node B (NB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a gNB, anng-eNB, a relay node (e.g., an integrated access and backhaul (IAB)node), a donor node (e.g., a donor eNB, a donor gNB, etc.), an accesspoint (e.g., a Wi-Fi access point), a transmission and reception point(TRP), a computing device, a device capable of wirelessly communicating,or any other device capable of sending and/or receiving signals. A basestation may comprise one or more of each element listed above. Forexample, a base station may comprise one or more TRPs. As othernon-limiting examples, a base station may comprise for example, one ormore of: a Node B (e.g., associated with Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS) and/or third-generation (3G)standards), an Evolved Node B (eNB) (e.g., associated withEvolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and/orfourth-generation (4G) standards), a remote radio head (RRH), a basebandprocessing unit coupled to one or more remote radio heads (RRHs), arepeater node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a donornode, a Next Generation Evolved Node B (ng-eNB), a Generation Node B(gNB) (e.g., associated with NR and/or fifth-generation (5G) standards),an access point (AP) (e.g., associated with, for example, Wi-Fi or anyother suitable wireless communication standard), any other generationbase station, and/or any combination thereof. A base station maycomprise one or more devices, such as at least one base station centraldevice (e.g., a gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU)) and at least one base stationdistributed device (e.g., a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU)).

A base station (e.g., in the RAN 104) may comprise one or more sets ofantennas for communicating with the wireless device 106 wirelessly(e.g., via an over the air interface). One or more base stations maycomprise sets (e.g., three sets or any other quantity of sets) ofantennas to respectively control multiple cells or sectors (e.g., threecells, three sectors, any other quantity of cells, or any other quantityof sectors). The size of a cell may be determined by a range at which areceiver (e.g., a base station receiver) may successfully receivetransmissions from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter)operating in the cell. One or more cells of base stations (e.g., byalone or in combination with other cells) may provide/configure a radiocoverage to the wireless device 106 over a wide geographic area tosupport wireless device mobility. A base station comprising threesectors (e.g., or n-sector, where n refers to any quantity n) may bereferred to as a three-sector site (e.g., or an n-sector site) or athree-sector base station (e.g., an n-sector base station).

One or more base stations (e.g., in the RAN 104) may be implemented as asectored site with more or less than three sectors. One or more basestations of the RAN 104 may be implemented as an access point, as abaseband processing device/unit coupled to several RRHs, and/or as arepeater or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a node (e.g.,a donor node). A baseband processing device/unit coupled to RRHs may bepart of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, for example, where thebaseband processing device/unit may be centralized in a pool of basebandprocessing devices/units or virtualized. A repeater node may amplify andsend (e.g., transmit, retransmit, rebroadcast, etc.) a radio signalreceived from a donor node. A relay node may perform the substantiallythe same/similar functions as a repeater node. The relay node may decodethe radio signal received from the donor node, for example, to removenoise before amplifying and sending the radio signal.

The RAN 104 may be deployed as a homogenous network of base stations(e.g., macrocell base stations) that have similar antenna patternsand/or similar high-level transmit powers. The RAN 104 may be deployedas a heterogeneous network of base stations (e.g., different basestations that have different antenna patterns). In heterogeneousnetworks, small cell base stations may be used to provide/configuresmall coverage areas, for example, coverage areas that overlap withcomparatively larger coverage areas provided/configured by other basestations (e.g., macrocell base stations). The small coverage areas maybe provided/configured in areas with high data traffic (or so-called“hotspots”) or in areas with a weak macrocell coverage. Examples ofsmall cell base stations may comprise, in order of decreasing coveragearea, microcell base stations, picocell base stations, and femtocellbase stations or home base stations.

Examples described herein may be used in a variety of types ofcommunications. For example, communications may be in accordance withthe Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (e.g., one or morenetwork elements similar to those of the communication network 100),communications in accordance with Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE), communications in accordance withInternational Telecommunication Union (ITU), communications inaccordance with International Organization for Standardization (ISO),etc. The 3GPP has produced specifications for multiple generations ofmobile networks: a 3G network known as UMTS, a 4G network known asLong-Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced (LTE-A), and a 5G networkknown as 5G System (5GS) and NR system. 3GPP may produce specificationsfor additional generations of communication networks (e.g., 6G and/orany other generation of communication network). Examples may bedescribed with reference to one or more elements (e.g., the RAN) of a3GPP 5G network, referred to as a next-generation RAN (NG-RAN), or anyother communication network, such as a 3GPP network and/or a non-3GPPnetwork. Examples described herein may be applicable to othercommunication networks, such as 3G and/or 4G networks, and communicationnetworks that may not yet be finalized/specified (e.g., a 3GPP 6Gnetwork), satellite communication networks, and/or any othercommunication network. NG-RAN implements and updates 5G radio accesstechnology referred to as NR and may be provisioned to implement 4Gradio access technology and/or other radio access technologies, such asother 3GPP and/or non-3GPP radio access technologies.

FIG. 1B shows an example communication network 150. The communicationnetwork may comprise a mobile communication network. The communicationnetwork 150 may comprise, for example, a PLMN operated/managed/run by anetwork operator. The communication network 150 may comprise one or moreof: a CN 152 (e.g., a 5G core network (5G-CN)), a RAN 154 (e.g., anNG-RAN), and/or wireless devices 156A and 156B (collectively wirelessdevice(s) 156). The communication network 150 may comprise, and/or adevice within the communication network 150 may communicate with (e.g.,via CN 152), one or more data networks (DN(s)) 170. These components maybe implemented and operate in substantially the same or similar manneras corresponding components described with respect to FIG. 1A.

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may provide/configure the wireless device(s)156 with one or more interfaces to one or more DNs 170, such as publicDNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and/or intra-operator DNs. Aspart of the interface functionality, the CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may set upend-to-end connections between the wireless device(s) 156 and the one ormore DNs, authenticate the wireless device(s) 156, and/orprovide/configure charging functionality. The CN 152 (e.g., the 5G-CN)may be a service-based architecture, which may differ from other CNs(e.g., such as a 3GPP 4G CN). The architecture of nodes of the CN 152(e.g., 5G-CN) may be defined as network functions that offer servicesvia interfaces to other network functions. The network functions of theCN 152 (e.g., 5G CN) may be implemented in several ways, for example, asnetwork elements on dedicated or shared hardware, as software instancesrunning on dedicated or shared hardware, and/or as virtualized functionsinstantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may comprise an Access and Mobility ManagementFunction (AMF) device 158A and/or a User Plane Function (UPF) device158B, which may be separate components or one component AMF/UPF device158. The UPF device 158B may serve as a gateway between a RAN 154 (e.g.,NG-RAN) and the one or more DNs 170. The UPF device 158B may performfunctions, such as: packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection anduser plane policy rule enforcement, traffic usage reporting, uplinkclassification to support routing of traffic flows to the one or moreDNs 170, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g.,packet filtering, gating, uplink/downlink rate enforcement, and uplinktraffic verification), downlink packet buffering, and/or downlink datanotification triggering. The UPF device 158B may serve as an anchorpoint for intra-/inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, anexternal protocol (or packet) data unit (PDU) session point ofinterconnect to the one or more DNs, and/or a branching point to supporta multi-homed PDU session. The wireless device(s) 156 may be configuredto receive services via a PDU session, which may be a logical connectionbetween a wireless device and a DN.

The AMF device 158A may perform functions, such as: Non-Access Stratum(NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, Access Stratum (AS)security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between accessnetworks (e.g., 3GPP access networks and/or non-3GPP networks), idlemode wireless device reachability (e.g., idle mode UE reachability forcontrol and execution of paging retransmission), registration areamanagement, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, accessauthentication, access authorization including checking of roamingrights, mobility management control (e.g., subscription and policies),network slicing support, and/or session management function (SMF)selection. NAS may refer to the functionality operating between a CN anda wireless device, and AS may refer to the functionality operatingbetween a wireless device and a RAN.

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may comprise one or more additional networkfunctions that may not be shown in FIG. 1B. The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) maycomprise one or more devices implementing at least one of: a SessionManagement Function (SMF), an NR Repository Function (NRF), a PolicyControl Function (PCF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a UnifiedData Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), an AuthenticationServer Function (AUSF), and/or any other function.

The RAN 154 (e.g., NG-RAN) may communicate with the wireless device(s)156 via radio communications (e.g., an over the air interface). Thewireless device(s) 156 may communicate with the CN 152 via the RAN 154.The RAN 154 (e.g., NG-RAN) may comprise one or more first-type basestations (e.g., gNBs comprising a gNB 160A and a gNB 160B (collectivelygNBs 160)) and/or one or more second-type base stations (e.g., ng eNBscomprising an ng-eNB 162A and an ng-eNB 162B (collectively ng eNBs162)). The RAN 154 may comprise one or more of any quantity of types ofbase station. The gNBs 160 and ng eNBs 162 may be referred to as basestations. The base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and ng eNBs 162) maycomprise one or more sets of antennas for communicating with thewireless device(s) 156 wirelessly (e.g., an over an air interface). Oneor more base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng eNBs 162) maycomprise multiple sets of antennas to respectively control multiplecells (or sectors). The cells of the base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160and the ng-eNBs 162) may provide a radio coverage to the wirelessdevice(s) 156 over a wide geographic area to support wireless devicemobility.

The base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng-eNBs 162) may beconnected to the CN 152 (e.g., 5G CN) via a first interface (e.g., an NGinterface) and to other base stations via a second interface (e.g., anXn interface). The NG and Xn interfaces may be established using directphysical connections and/or indirect connections over an underlyingtransport network, such as an internet protocol (IP) transport network.The base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng-eNBs 162) maycommunicate with the wireless device(s) 156 via a third interface (e.g.,a Uu interface). A base station (e.g., the gNB 160A) may communicatewith the wireless device 156A via a Uu interface. The NG, Xn, and Uuinterfaces may be associated with a protocol stack. The protocol stacksassociated with the interfaces may be used by the network elements shownin FIG. 1B to exchange data and signaling messages. The protocol stacksmay comprise two planes: a user plane and a control plane. Any otherquantity of planes may be used (e.g., in a protocol stack). The userplane may handle data of interest to a user. The control plane mayhandle signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

One or more base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng-eNBs 162)may communicate with one or more AMF/UPF devices, such as the AMF/UPF158, via one or more interfaces (e.g., NG interfaces). A base station(e.g., the gNB 160A) may be in communication with, and/or connected to,the UPF 158B of the AMF/UPF 158 via an NG-User plane (NG-U) interface.The NG-U interface may provide/perform delivery (e.g., non-guaranteeddelivery) of user plane PDUs between a base station (e.g., the gNB 160A)and a UPF device (e.g., the UPF 158B). The base station (e.g., the gNB160A) may be in communication with, and/or connected to, an AMF device(e.g., the AMF 158A) via an NG-Control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-Cinterface may provide/perform, for example, NG interface management,wireless device context management (e.g., UE context management),wireless device mobility management (e.g., UE mobility management),transport of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, configurationtransfer, and/or warning message transmission.

A wireless device may access the base station, via an interface (e.g.,Uu interface), for the user plane configuration and the control planeconfiguration. The base stations (e.g., gNBs 160) may provide user planeand control plane protocol terminations towards the wireless device(s)156 via the Uu interface. A base station (e.g., the gNB 160A) mayprovide user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward thewireless device 156A over a Uu interface associated with a firstprotocol stack. A base station (e.g., the ng-eNBs 162) may provideEvolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E UTRA) user plane and controlplane protocol terminations towards the wireless device(s) 156 via a Uuinterface (e.g., where E UTRA may refer to the 3GPP 4G radio-accesstechnology). A base station (e.g., the ng-eNB 162B) may provide E UTRAuser plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the wirelessdevice 156B via a Uu interface associated with a second protocol stack.The user plane and control plane protocol terminations may comprise, forexample, NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations, 4G userplane and control plane protocol terminations, etc.

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may be configured to handle one or more radioaccesses (e.g., NR, 4G, and/or any other radio accesses). It may also bepossible for an NR network/device (or any first network/device) toconnect to a 4G core network/device (or any second network/device) in anon-standalone mode (e.g., non-standalone operation). In anon-standalone mode/operation, a 4G core network may be used to provide(or at least support) control-plane functionality (e.g., initial access,mobility, and/or paging). Although only one AMF/UPF 158 is shown in FIG.1B, one or more base stations (e.g., one or more gNBs and/or one or moreng-eNBs) may be connected to multiple AMF/UPF nodes, for example, toprovide redundancy and/or to load share across the multiple AMF/UPFnodes.

An interface (e.g., Uu, Xn, and/or NG interfaces) between networkelements (e.g., the network elements shown in FIG. 1B) may be associatedwith a protocol stack that the network elements may use to exchange dataand signaling messages. A protocol stack may comprise two planes: a userplane and a control plane. Any other quantity of planes may be used(e.g., in a protocol stack). The user plane may handle data associatedwith a user (e.g., data of interest to a user). The control plane mayhandle data associated with one or more network elements (e.g.,signaling messages of interest to the network elements).

The communication network 100 in FIG. 1A and/or the communicationnetwork 150 in FIG. 1B may comprise any quantity/number and/or type ofdevices, such as, for example, computing devices, wireless devices,mobile devices, handsets, tablets, laptops, internet of things (IoT)devices, hotspots, cellular repeaters, computing devices, and/or, moregenerally, user equipment (e.g., UE). Although one or more of the abovetypes of devices may be referenced herein (e.g., UE, wireless device,computing device, etc.), it should be understood that any device hereinmay comprise any one or more of the above types of devices or similardevices. The communication network, and any other network referencedherein, may comprise an LTE network, a 5G network, a satellite network,and/or any other network for wireless communications (e.g., any 3GPPnetwork and/or any non-3GPP network). Apparatuses, systems, and/ormethods described herein may generally be described as implemented onone or more devices (e.g., wireless device, base station, eNB, gNB,computing device, etc.), in one or more networks, but it will beunderstood that one or more features and steps may be implemented on anydevice and/or in any network.

FIG. 2A shows an example user plane configuration. The user planeconfiguration may comprise, for example, an NR user plane protocolstack. FIG. 2B shows an example control plane configuration. The controlplane configuration may comprise, for example, an NR control planeprotocol stack. One or more of the user plane configuration and/or thecontrol plane configuration may use a Uu interface that may be between awireless device 210 and a base station 220. The protocol stacks shown inFIG. 2A and FIG. 2B may be substantially the same or similar to thoseused for the Uu interface between, for example, the wireless device 156Aand the base station 160A shown in FIG. 1B.

A user plane configuration (e.g., an NR user plane protocol stack) maycomprise multiple layers (e.g., five layers or any other quantity oflayers) implemented in the wireless device 210 and the base station 220(e.g., as shown in FIG. 2A). At the bottom of the protocol stack,physical layers (PHYs) 211 and 221 may provide transport services to thehigher layers of the protocol stack and may correspond to layer 1 of theOpen Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The protocol layers above PHY211 may comprise a medium access control layer (MAC) 212, a radio linkcontrol layer (RLC) 213, a packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP)214, and/or a service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215. Theprotocol layers above PHY 221 may comprise a medium access control layer(MAC) 222, a radio link control layer (RLC) 223, a packet dataconvergence protocol layer (PDCP) 224, and/or a service data applicationprotocol layer (SDAP) 225. One or more of the four protocol layers abovePHY 211 may correspond to layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSImodel. One or more of the four protocol layers above PHY 221 maycorrespond to layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSI model.

FIG. 3 shows an example of protocol layers. The protocol layers maycomprise, for example, protocol layers of the NR user plane protocolstack. One or more services may be provided between protocol layers.SDAPs (e.g., SDAPS 215 and 225 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3 ) may performQuality of Service (QoS) flow handling. A wireless device (e.g., thewireless devices 106, 156A, 156B, and 210) may receive servicesthrough/via a PDU session, which may be a logical connection between thewireless device and a DN. The PDU session may have one or more QoS flows310. A UPF (e.g., the UPF 158B) of a CN may map IP packets to the one ormore QoS flows of the PDU session, for example, based on one or more QoSrequirements (e.g., in terms of delay, data rate, error rate, and/or anyother quality/service requirement). The SDAPs 215 and 225 may performmapping/de-mapping between the one or more QoS flows 310 and one or moreradio bearers 320 (e.g., data radio bearers). The mapping/de-mappingbetween the one or more QoS flows 310 and the radio bearers 320 may bedetermined by the SDAP 225 of the base station 220. The SDAP 215 of thewireless device 210 may be informed of the mapping between the QoS flows310 and the radio bearers 320 via reflective mapping and/or controlsignaling received from the base station 220. For reflective mapping,the SDAP 225 of the base station 220 may mark the downlink packets witha QoS flow indicator (QFI), which may bemonitored/detected/identified/indicated/observed by the SDAP 215 of thewireless device 210 to determine the mapping/de-mapping between the oneor more QoS flows 310 and the radio bearers 320.

PDCPs (e.g., the PDCPs 214 and 224 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3 ) mayperform header compression/decompression, for example, to reduce theamount of data that may need to be transmitted over the air interface,ciphering/deciphering to prevent unauthorized decoding of datatransmitted over the air interface, and/or integrity protection (e.g.,to ensure control messages originate from intended sources). The PDCPs214 and 224 may perform retransmissions of undelivered packets,in-sequence delivery and reordering of packets, and/or removal ofpackets received in duplicate due to, for example, a handover (e.g., anintra-gNB handover). The PDCPs 214 and 224 may perform packetduplication, for example, to improve the likelihood of the packet beingreceived. A receiver may receive the packet in duplicate and may removeany duplicate packets. Packet duplication may be useful for certainservices, such as services that require high reliability.

The PDCP layers (e.g., PDCPs 214 and 224) may perform mapping/de-mappingbetween a split radio bearer and RLC channels (e.g., RLC channels 330)(e.g., in a dual connectivity scenario/configuration). Dual connectivitymay refer to a technique that allows a wireless device to communicatewith multiple cells (e.g., two cells) or, more generally, multiple cellgroups comprising: a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group(SCG). A split bearer may be configured and/or used, for example, if asingle radio bearer (e.g., such as one of the radio bearersprovided/configured by the PDCPs 214 and 224 as a service to the SDAPs215 and 225) is handled by cell groups in dual connectivity. The PDCPs214 and 224 may map/de-map between the split radio bearer and RLCchannels 330 belonging to the cell groups.

RLC layers (e.g., RLCs 213 and 223) may perform segmentation,retransmission via Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), and/or removal ofduplicate data units received from MAC layers (e.g., MACs 212 and 222,respectively). The RLC layers (e.g., RLCs 213 and 223) may supportmultiple transmission modes (e.g., three transmission modes: transparentmode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM)). TheRLC layers may perform one or more of the noted functions, for example,based on the transmission mode an RLC layer is operating. The RLCconfiguration may be per logical channel. The RLC configuration may notdepend on numerologies and/or Transmission Time Interval (TTI) durations(or other durations). The RLC layers (e.g., RLCs 213 and 223) mayprovide/configure RLC channels as a service to the PDCP layers (e.g.,PDCPs 214 and 224, respectively), such as shown in FIG. 3 .

The MAC layers (e.g., MACs 212 and 222) may performmultiplexing/demultiplexing of logical channels and/or mapping betweenlogical channels and transport channels. The multiplexing/demultiplexingmay comprise multiplexing/demultiplexing of data units/data portions,belonging to the one or more logical channels, into/from TransportBlocks (TBs) delivered to/from the PHY layers (e.g., PHYs 211 and 221,respectively). The MAC layer of a base station (e.g., MAC 222) may beconfigured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting,and/or priority handling between wireless devices via dynamicscheduling. Scheduling may be performed by a base station (e.g., thebase station 220 at the MAC 222) for downlink/or and uplink. The MAClayers (e.g., MACs 212 and 222) may be configured to perform errorcorrection(s) via Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQentity per carrier in case of Carrier Aggregation (CA)), priorityhandling between logical channels of the wireless device 210 via logicalchannel prioritization and/or padding. The MAC layers (e.g., MACs 212and 222) may support one or more numerologies and/or transmissiontimings. Mapping restrictions in a logical channel prioritization maycontrol which numerology and/or transmission timing a logical channelmay use. The MAC layers (e.g., the MACs 212 and 222) mayprovide/configure logical channels 340 as a service to the RLC layers(e.g., the RLCs 213 and 223).

The PHY layers (e.g., PHYs 211 and 221) may perform mapping of transportchannels to physical channels and/or digital and analog signalprocessing functions, for example, for sending and/or receivinginformation (e.g., via an over the air interface). The digital and/oranalog signal processing functions may comprise, for example,coding/decoding and/or modulation/demodulation. The PHY layers (e.g.,PHYs 211 and 221) may perform multi-antenna mapping. The PHY layers(e.g., the PHYs 211 and 221) may provide/configure one or more transportchannels (e.g., transport channels 350) as a service to the MAC layers(e.g., the MACs 212 and 222, respectively).

FIG. 4A shows an example downlink data flow for a user planeconfiguration. The user plane configuration may comprise, for example,the NR user plane protocol stack shown in FIG. 2A. One or more TBs maybe generated, for example, based on a data flow via a user planeprotocol stack. As shown in FIG. 4A, a downlink data flow of three IPpackets (n, n+1, and m) via the NR user plane protocol stack maygenerate two TBs (e.g., at the base station 220). An uplink data flowvia the NR user plane protocol stack may be similar to the downlink dataflow shown in FIG. 4A. The three IP packets (n, n+1, and m) may bedetermined from the two TBs, for example, based on the uplink data flowvia an NR user plane protocol stack. A first quantity of packets (e.g.,three or any other quantity) may be determined from a second quantity ofTBs (e.g., two or another quantity).

The downlink data flow may begin, for example, if the SDAP 225 receivesthe three IP packets (or other quantity of IP packets) from one or moreQoS flows and maps the three packets (or other quantity of packets) toradio bearers (e.g., radio bearers 402 and 404). The SDAP 225 may mapthe IP packets n and n+1 to a first radio bearer 402 and map the IPpacket m to a second radio bearer 404. An SDAP header (labeled with “H”preceding each SDAP SDU shown in FIG. 4A) may be added to an IP packetto generate an SDAP PDU, which may be referred to as a PDCP SDU. Thedata unit transferred from/to a higher protocol layer may be referred toas a service data unit (SDU) of the lower protocol layer, and the dataunit transferred to/from a lower protocol layer may be referred to as aprotocol data unit (PDU) of the higher protocol layer. As shown in FIG.4A, the data unit from the SDAP 225 may be an SDU of lower protocollayer PDCP 224 (e.g., PDCP SDU) and may be a PDU of the SDAP 225 (e.g.,SDAP PDU).

Each protocol layer (e.g., protocol layers shown in FIG. 4A) or at leastsome protocol laters may: perform its own function(s) (e.g., one or morefunctions of each protocol layer described with respect to FIG. 3 ), adda corresponding header, and/or forward a respective output to the nextlower layer (e.g., its respective lower layer). The PDCP 224 may performan IP-header compression and/or ciphering. The PDCP 224 may forward itsoutput (e.g., a PDCP PDU, which is an RLC SDU) to the RLC 223. The RLC223 may optionally perform segmentation (e.g., as shown for IP packet min FIG. 4A). The RLC 223 may forward its outputs (e.g., two RLC PDUs,which are two MAC SDUs, generated by adding respective subheaders to twoSDU segments (SDU Segs)) to the MAC 222. The MAC 222 may multiplex anumber of RLC PDUs (MAC SDUs). The MAC 222 may attach a MAC subheader toan RLC PDU (MAC SDU) to form a TB. The MAC subheaders may be distributedacross the MAC PDU (e.g., in an NR configuration as shown in FIG. 4A).The MAC subheaders may be entirely located at the beginning of a MAC PDU(e.g., in an LTE configuration). The NR MAC PDU structure may reduce aprocessing time and/or associated latency, for example, if the MAC PDUsubheaders are computed before assembling the full MAC PDU.

FIG. 4B shows an example format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU. A MACPDU may comprise a MAC subheader (H) and a MAC SDU. Each of one or moreMAC subheaders may comprise an SDU length field for indicating thelength (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheadercorresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field foridentifying/indicating the logical channel from which the MAC SDUoriginated to aid in the demultiplexing process; a flag (F) forindicating the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R)field for future use.

One or more MAC control elements (CEs) may be added to, or insertedinto, the MAC PDU by a MAC layer, such as MAC 223 or MAC 222. As shownin FIG. 4B, two MAC CEs may be inserted/added before two MAC PDUs. TheMAC CEs may be inserted/added at the beginning of a MAC PDU for downlinktransmissions (as shown in FIG. 4B). One or more MAC CEs may beinserted/added at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmissions. MAC CEsmay be used for in band control signaling. Example MAC CEs may comprisescheduling-related MAC CEs, such as buffer status reports and powerheadroom reports; activation/deactivation MAC CEs (e.g., MAC CEs foractivation/deactivation of PDCP duplication detection, channel stateinformation (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS)transmission, and prior configured components); discontinuous reception(DRX)-related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access-relatedMAC CEs. A MAC CE may be preceded by a MAC subheader with a similarformat as described for the MAC subheader for MAC SDUs and may beidentified with a reserved value in the LCID field that indicates thetype of control information included in the corresponding MAC CE.

FIG. 5A shows an example mapping for downlink channels. The mapping foruplink channels may comprise mapping between channels (e.g., logicalchannels, transport channels, and physical channels) for downlink. FIG.5B shows an example mapping for uplink channels. The mapping for uplinkchannels may comprise mapping between channels (e.g., logical channels,transport channels, and physical channels) for uplink. Information maybe passed through/via channels between the RLC, the MAC, and the PHYlayers of a protocol stack (e.g., the NR protocol stack). A logicalchannel may be used between the RLC and the MAC layers. The logicalchannel may be classified/indicated as a control channel that may carrycontrol and/or configuration information (e.g., in the NR controlplane), or as a traffic channel that may carry data (e.g., in the NRuser plane). A logical channel may be classified/indicated as adedicated logical channel that may be dedicated to a specific wirelessdevice, and/or as a common logical channel that may be used by more thanone wireless device (e.g., a group of wireless device).

A logical channel may be defined by the type of information it carries.The set of logical channels (e.g., in an NR configuration) may compriseone or more channels described below. A paging control channel (PCCH)may comprise/carry one or more paging messages used to page a wirelessdevice whose location is not known to the network on a cell level. Abroadcast control channel (BCCH) may comprise/carry system informationmessages in the form of a master information block (MIB) and severalsystem information blocks (SIBs). The system information messages may beused by wireless devices to obtain information about how a cell isconfigured and how to operate within the cell. A common control channel(CCCH) may comprise/carry control messages together with random access.A dedicated control channel (DCCH) may comprise/carry control messagesto/from a specific wireless device to configure the wireless device withconfiguration information. A dedicated traffic channel (DTCH) maycomprise/carry user data to/from a specific wireless device.

Transport channels may be used between the MAC and PHY layers. Transportchannels may be defined by how the information they carry issent/transmitted (e.g., via an over the air interface). The set oftransport channels (e.g., that may be defined by an NR configuration orany other configuration) may comprise one or more of the followingchannels. A paging channel (PCH) may comprise/carry paging messages thatoriginated from the PCCH. A broadcast channel (BCH) may comprise/carrythe MIB from the BCCH. A downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) maycomprise/carry downlink data and signaling messages, including the SIBsfrom the BCCH. An uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) may comprise/carryuplink data and signaling messages. A random access channel (RACH) mayprovide a wireless device with an access to the network without anyprior scheduling.

The PHY layer may use physical channels to pass/transfer informationbetween processing levels of the PHY layer. A physical channel may havean associated set of time-frequency resources for carrying theinformation of one or more transport channels. The PHY layer maygenerate control information to support the low-level operation of thePHY layer. The PHY layer may provide/transfer the control information tothe lower levels of the PHY layer via physical control channels (e.g.,referred to as L1/L2 control channels). The set of physical channels andphysical control channels (e.g., that may be defined by an NRconfiguration or any other configuration) may comprise one or more ofthe following channels. A physical broadcast channel (PBCH) maycomprise/carry the MIB from the BCH. A physical downlink shared channel(PDSCH) may comprise/carry downlink data and signaling messages from theDL-SCH, as well as paging messages from the PCH. A physical downlinkcontrol channel (PDCCH) may comprise/carry downlink control information(DCI), which may comprise downlink scheduling commands, uplinkscheduling grants, and uplink power control commands A physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) may comprise/carry uplink data and signalingmessages from the UL-SCH and in some instances uplink controlinformation (UCI) as described below. A physical uplink control channel(PUCCH) may comprise/carry UCI, which may comprise HARQ acknowledgments,channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-coding matrix indicators (PMI),rank indicators (RI), and scheduling requests (SR). A physical randomaccess channel (PRACH) may be used for random access.

The physical layer may generate physical signals to support thelow-level operation of the physical layer, which may be similar to thephysical control channels. As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the physicallayer signals (e.g., that may be defined by an NR configuration or anyother configuration) may comprise primary synchronization signals (PSS),secondary synchronization signals (SSS), channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DM-RS),sounding reference signals (SRS), phase-tracking reference signals (PTRS), and/or any other signals.

One or more of the channels (e.g., logical channels, transport channels,physical channels, etc.) may be used to carry out functions associatedwith the control plan protocol stack (e.g., NR control plane protocolstack). FIG. 2B shows an example control plane configuration (e.g., anNR control plane protocol stack). As shown in FIG. 2B, the control planeconfiguration (e.g., the NR control plane protocol stack) may usesubstantially the same/similar one or more protocol layers (e.g., PHY211 and 221, MAC 212 and 222, RLC 213 and 223, and PDCP 214 and 224) asthe example user plane configuration (e.g., the NR user plane protocolstack). Similar four protocol layers may comprise the PHYs 211 and 221,the MACs 212 and 222, the RLCs 213 and 223, and the PDCPs 214 and 224.The control plane configuration (e.g., the NR control plane stack) mayhave radio resource controls (RRCs) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217and 237 at the top of the control plane configuration (e.g., the NRcontrol plane protocol stack), for example, instead of having the SDAPs215 and 225. The control plane configuration may comprise an AMF 230comprising the NAS protocol 237.

The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionalitybetween the wireless device 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., the AMF 158A orany other AMF) and/or, more generally, between the wireless device 210and a CN (e.g., the CN 152 or any other CN). The NAS protocols 217 and237 may provide control plane functionality between the wireless device210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages, referred to as NAS messages.There may be no direct path between the wireless device 210 and the AMF230 via which the NAS messages may be transported. The NAS messages maybe transported using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. The NASprotocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality, such asauthentication, security, a connection setup, mobility management,session management, and/or any other functionality.

The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide/configure control plane functionalitybetween the wireless device 210 and the base station 220 and/or, moregenerally, between the wireless device 210 and the RAN (e.g., the basestation 220). The RRC layers 216 and 226 may provide/configure controlplane functionality between the wireless device 210 and the base station220 via signaling messages, which may be referred to as RRC messages.The RRC messages may be transmitted between the wireless device 210 andthe RAN (e.g., the base station 220) using signaling radio bearers andthe same/similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. The MAC layermay multiplex control-plane and user-plane data into the same TB. TheRRC layers 216 and 226 may provide/configure control planefunctionality, such as one or more of the following functionalities:broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiatedby the CN or the RAN; establishment, maintenance and release of an RRCconnection between the wireless device 210 and the RAN (e.g., the basestation 220); security functions including key management;establishment, configuration, maintenance and release of signaling radiobearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS managementfunctions; wireless device measurement reporting (e.g., the wirelessdevice measurement reporting) and control of the reporting; detection ofand recovery from radio link failure (RLF); and/or NAS message transfer.As part of establishing an RRC connection, RRC layers 216 and 226 mayestablish an RRC context, which may involve configuring parameters forcommunication between the wireless device 210 and the RAN (e.g., thebase station 220).

FIG. 6 shows example RRC states and RRC state transitions. An RRC stateof a wireless device may be changed to another RRC state (e.g., RRCstate transitions of a wireless device). The wireless device may besubstantially the same or similar to the wireless device 106, 210, orany other wireless device. A wireless device may be in at least one of aplurality of states, such as three RRC states comprising RRC connected602 (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED), RRC idle 606 (e.g., RRC_IDLE), and RRCinactive 604 (e.g., RRC_INACTIVE). The RRC inactive 604 may be RRCconnected but inactive.

An RRC connection may be established for the wireless device. Forexample, this may be during an RRC connected state. During the RRCconnected state (e.g., during the RRC connected 602), the wirelessdevice may have an established RRC context and may have at least one RRCconnection with a base station. The base station may be similar to oneof the one or more base stations (e.g., one or more base stations of theRAN 104 shown in FIG. 1A, one of the gNBs 160 or ng-eNBs 162 shown inFIG. 1B, the base station 220 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, or any otherbase stations). The base station with which the wireless device isconnected (e.g., has established an RRC connection) may have the RRCcontext for the wireless device. The RRC context, which may be referredto as a wireless device context (e.g., the UE context), may compriseparameters for communication between the wireless device and the basestation. These parameters may comprise, for example, one or more of: AScontexts; radio link configuration parameters; bearer configurationinformation (e.g., relating to a data radio bearer, a signaling radiobearer, a logical channel, a QoS flow, and/or a PDU session); securityinformation; and/or layer configuration information (e.g., PHY, MAC,RLC, PDCP, and/or SDAP layer configuration information). During the RRCconnected state (e.g., the RRC connected 602), mobility of the wirelessdevice may be managed/controlled by an RAN (e.g., the RAN 104 or the NGRAN 154). The wireless device may measure received signal levels (e.g.,reference signal levels, reference signal received power, referencesignal received quality, received signal strength indicator, etc.) basedon one or more signals sent from a serving cell and neighboring cells.The wireless device may report these measurements to a serving basestation (e.g., the base station currently serving the wireless device).The serving base station of the wireless device may request a handoverto a cell of one of the neighboring base stations, for example, based onthe reported measurements. The RRC state may transition from the RRCconnected state (e.g., RRC connected 602) to an RRC idle state (e.g.,the RRC idle 606) via a connection release procedure 608. The RRC statemay transition from the RRC connected state (e.g., RRC connected 602) tothe RRC inactive state (e.g., RRC inactive 604) via a connectioninactivation procedure 610.

An RRC context may not be established for the wireless device. Forexample, this may be during the RRC idle state. During the RRC idlestate (e.g., the RRC idle 606), an RRC context may not be establishedfor the wireless device. During the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle606), the wireless device may not have an RRC connection with the basestation. During the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606), thewireless device may be in a sleep state for the majority of the time(e.g., to conserve battery power). The wireless device may wake upperiodically (e.g., once in every discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle)to monitor for paging messages (e.g., paging messages set from the RAN).Mobility of the wireless device may be managed by the wireless devicevia a procedure of a cell reselection. The RRC state may transition fromthe RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) to the RRC connected state(e.g., the RRC connected 602) via a connection establishment procedure612, which may involve a random access procedure.

A previously established RRC context may be maintained for the wirelessdevice. For example, this may be during the RRC inactive state. Duringthe RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604), the RRC contextpreviously established may be maintained in the wireless device and thebase station. The maintenance of the RRC context may enable/allow a fasttransition to the RRC connected state (e.g., the RRC connected 602) withreduced signaling overhead as compared to the transition from the RRCidle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) to the RRC connected state (e.g.,the RRC connected 602). During the RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRCinactive 604), the wireless device may be in a sleep state and mobilityof the wireless device may be managed/controlled by the wireless devicevia a cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from the RRCinactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604) to the RRC connected state(e.g., the RRC connected 602) via a connection resume procedure 614. TheRRC state may transition from the RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRCinactive 604) to the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) via aconnection release procedure 616 that may be the same as or similar toconnection release procedure 608.

An RRC state may be associated with a mobility management mechanism.During the RRC idle state (e.g., RRC idle 606) and the RRC inactivestate (e.g., the RRC inactive 604), mobility may be managed/controlledby the wireless device via a cell reselection. The purpose of mobilitymanagement during the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) or duringthe RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604) may be toenable/allow the network to be able to notify the wireless device of anevent via a paging message without having to broadcast the pagingmessage over the entire mobile communications network. The mobilitymanagement mechanism used during the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle606) or during the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604) mayenable/allow the network to track the wireless device on a cell-grouplevel, for example, so that the paging message may be broadcast over thecells of the cell group that the wireless device currently resideswithin (e.g. instead of sending the paging message over the entiremobile communication network). The mobility management mechanisms forthe RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) and the RRC inactive state(e.g., the RRC inactive 604) may track the wireless device on acell-group level. The mobility management mechanisms may do thetracking, for example, using different granularities of grouping. Theremay be a plurality of levels of cell-grouping granularity (e.g., threelevels of cell-grouping granularity: individual cells; cells within aRAN area identified by a RAN area identifier (RAI); and cells within agroup of RAN areas, referred to as a tracking area and identified by atracking area identifier (TAI)).

Tracking areas may be used to track the wireless device (e.g., trackingthe location of the wireless device at the CN level). The CN (e.g., theCN 102, the 5G CN 152, or any other CN) may send to the wireless devicea list of TAIs associated with a wireless device registration area(e.g., a UE registration area). A wireless device may perform aregistration update with the CN to allow the CN to update the locationof the wireless device and provide the wireless device with a new the UEregistration area, for example, if the wireless device moves (e.g., viaa cell reselection) to a cell associated with a TAI that may not beincluded in the list of TAIs associated with the UE registration area.

RAN areas may be used to track the wireless device (e.g., the locationof the wireless device at the RAN level). For a wireless device in anRRC inactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604), the wireless device maybe assigned/provided/configured with a RAN notification area. A RANnotification area may comprise one or more cell identities (e.g., a listof RAIs and/or a list of TAIs). A base station may belong to one or moreRAN notification areas. A cell may belong to one or more RANnotification areas. A wireless device may perform a notification areaupdate with the RAN to update the RAN notification area of the wirelessdevice, for example, if the wireless device moves (e.g., via a cellreselection) to a cell not included in the RAN notification areaassigned/provided/configured to the wireless device.

A base station storing an RRC context for a wireless device or a lastserving base station of the wireless device may be referred to as ananchor base station. An anchor base station may maintain an RRC contextfor the wireless device at least during a period of time that thewireless device stays in a RAN notification area of the anchor basestation and/or during a period of time that the wireless device stays inan RRC inactive state (e.g., RRC inactive 604).

A base station (e.g., gNBs 160 in FIG. 1B or any other base station) maybe split in two parts: a central unit (e.g., a base station centralunit, such as a gNB CU) and one or more distributed units (e.g., a basestation distributed unit, such as a gNB DU). A base station central unit(CU) may be coupled to one or more base station distributed units (DUs)using an F1 interface (e.g., an F1 interface defined in an NRconfiguration). The base station CU may comprise the RRC, the PDCP, andthe SDAP layers. A base station distributed unit (DU) may comprise theRLC, the MAC, and the PHY layers.

The physical signals and physical channels (e.g., described with respectto FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B) may be mapped onto one or more symbols (e.g.,orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in an NRconfiguration or any other symbols). OFDM is a multicarriercommunication scheme that transmits data over F orthogonal subcarriers(or tones). The data may be mapped to a series of complex symbols (e.g.,M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) symbols or M-phase shiftkeying (M PSK) symbols or any other modulated symbols), referred to assource symbols, and divided into F parallel symbol streams, for example,before transmission of the data. The F parallel symbol streams may betreated as if they are in the frequency domain. The F parallel symbolsmay be used as inputs to an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) blockthat transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block may take in Fsource symbols at a time, one from each of the F parallel symbolstreams. The IFFT block may use each source symbol to modulate theamplitude and phase of one of F sinusoidal basis functions thatcorrespond to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT blockmay be F time-domain samples that represent the summation of the Forthogonal subcarriers. The F time-domain samples may form a single OFDMsymbol. An OFDM symbol provided/output by the IFFT block may besent/transmitted over the air interface on a carrier frequency, forexample, after one or more processes (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix)and up-conversion. The F parallel symbol streams may be mixed, forexample, using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) block before beingprocessed by the IFFT block. This operation may produce Discrete FourierTransform (DFT)-precoded OFDM symbols and may be used by one or morewireless devices in the uplink to reduce the peak to average power ratio(PAPR). Inverse processing may be performed on the OFDM symbol at areceiver using an FFT block to recover the data mapped to the sourcesymbols.

FIG. 7 shows an example configuration of a frame. The frame maycomprise, for example, an NR radio frame into which OFDM symbols may begrouped. A frame (e.g., an NR radio frame) may be identified/indicatedby a system frame number (SFN) or any other value. The SFN may repeatwith a period of 1024 frames. One NR frame may be 10 milliseconds (ms)in duration and may comprise 10 subframes that are 1 ms in duration. Asubframe may be divided into one or more slots (e.g., depending onnumerologies and/or different subcarrier spacings). Each of the one ormore slots may comprise, for example, 14 OFDM symbols per slot. Anyquantity of symbols, slots, or duration may be used for any timeinterval.

The duration of a slot may depend on the numerology used for the OFDMsymbols of the slot. A flexible numerology may be supported, forexample, to accommodate different deployments (e.g., cells with carrierfrequencies below 1 GHz up to cells with carrier frequencies in themm-wave range). A flexible numerology may be supported, for example, inan NR configuration or any other radio configurations. A numerology maybe defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and/or cyclic prefix duration.Subcarrier spacings may be scaled up by powers of two from a baselinesubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. Cyclic prefix durations may be scaled downby powers of two from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 μs, forexample, for a numerology in an NR configuration or any other radioconfigurations. Numerologies may be defined with the followingsubcarrier spacing/cyclic prefix duration combinations: 15 kHz/4.7 μs;30 kHz/2.3 μs; 60 kHz/1.2 μs; 120 kHz/0.59 μs; 240 kHz/0.29 μs, and/orany other subcarrier spacing/cyclic prefix duration combinations.

A slot may have a fixed number/quantity of OFDM symbols (e.g., 14 OFDMsymbols). A numerology with a higher subcarrier spacing may have ashorter slot duration and more slots per subframe. Examples ofnumerology-dependent slot duration and slots-per-subframe transmissionstructure are shown in FIG. 7 (the numerology with a subcarrier spacingof 240 kHz is not shown in FIG. 7 ). A subframe (e.g., in an NRconfiguration) may be used as a numerology-independent time reference. Aslot may be used as the unit upon which uplink and downlinktransmissions are scheduled. Scheduling (e.g., in an NR configuration)may be decoupled from the slot duration. Scheduling may start at anyOFDM symbol. Scheduling may last for as many symbols as needed for atransmission, for example, to support low latency. These partial slottransmissions may be referred to as mini-slot or sub-slot transmissions.

FIG. 8 shows an example resource configuration of one or more carriers.The resource configuration of may comprise a slot in the time andfrequency domain for an NR carrier or any other carrier. The slot maycomprise resource elements (REs) and resource blocks (RBs). A resourceelement (RE) may be the smallest physical resource (e.g., in an NRconfiguration). An RE may span one OFDM symbol in the time domain by onesubcarrier in the frequency domain, such as shown in FIG. 8 . An RB mayspan twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain, such as shown inFIG. 8 . A carrier (e.g., an NR carrier) may be limited to a width of acertain quantity of RBs and/or subcarriers (e.g., 275 RBs or 275×12=3300subcarriers). Such limitation(s), if used, may limit the carrier (e.g.,NR carrier) frequency based on subcarrier spacing (e.g., carrierfrequency of 50, 100, 200, and 400 MHz for subcarrier spacings of 15,30, 60, and 120 kHz, respectively). A 400 MHz bandwidth may be set basedon a 400 MHz per carrier bandwidth limit. Any other bandwidth may be setbased on a per carrier bandwidth limit.

A single numerology may be used across the entire bandwidth of a carrier(e.g., an NR such as shown in FIG. 8 ). In other example configurations,multiple numerologies may be supported on the same carrier. NR and/orother access technologies may support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., upto 400 MHz for a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz). Not all wirelessdevices may be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due tohardware limitations and/or different wireless device capabilities).Receiving and/or utilizing the full carrier bandwidth may beprohibitive, for example, in terms of wireless device power consumption.A wireless device may adapt the size of the receive bandwidth of thewireless device, for example, based on the amount of traffic thewireless device is scheduled to receive (e.g., to reduce powerconsumption and/or for other purposes). Such an adaptation may bereferred to as bandwidth adaptation.

Configuration of one or more bandwidth parts (BWPs) may support one ormore wireless devices not capable of receiving the full carrierbandwidth. BWPs may support bandwidth adaptation, for example, for suchwireless devices not capable of receiving the full carrier bandwidth. ABWP (e.g., a BWP of an NR configuration) may be defined by a subset ofcontiguous RBs on a carrier. A wireless device may be configured (e.g.,via an RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs per serving cell andone or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPsper serving cell and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). One ormore of the configured BWPs for a serving cell may be active, forexample, at a given time. The one or more BWPs may be referred to asactive BWPs of the serving cell. A serving cell may have one or morefirst active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second activeBWPs in the secondary uplink carrier, for example, if the serving cellis configured with a secondary uplink carrier.

A downlink BWP from a set of configured downlink BWPs may be linked withan uplink BWP from a set of configured uplink BWPs (e.g., for unpairedspectra). A downlink BWP and an uplink BWP may be linked, for example,if a downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP and an uplink BWP index ofthe uplink BWP are the same. A wireless device may expect that thecenter frequency for a downlink BWP is the same as the center frequencyfor an uplink BWP (e.g., for unpaired spectra).

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or more controlresource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. The base stationmay configure the wireless device with one or more CORESTS, for example,for a downlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs on a primarycell (PCell) or on a secondary cell (SCell). A search space may comprisea set of locations in the time and frequency domains where the wirelessdevice may monitor/find/detect/identify control information. The searchspace may be a wireless device-specific search space (e.g., aUE-specific search space) or a common search space (e.g., potentiallyusable by a plurality of wireless devices or a group of wireless userdevices). A base station may configure a group of wireless devices witha common search space, on a PCell or on a primary secondary cell(PSCell), in an active downlink BWP.

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or more resourcesets for one or more PUCCH transmissions, for example, for an uplink BWPin a set of configured uplink BWPs. A wireless device may receivedownlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in a downlink BWP, forexample, according to a configured numerology (e.g., a configuredsubcarrier spacing and/or a configured cyclic prefix duration) for thedownlink BWP. The wireless device may send/transmit uplink transmissions(e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in an uplink BWP, for example, according to aconfigured numerology (e.g., a configured subcarrier spacing and/or aconfigured cyclic prefix length for the uplink BWP).

One or more BWP indicator fields may be provided/comprised in DownlinkControl Information (DCI). A value of a BWP indicator field may indicatewhich BWP in a set of configured BWPs is an active downlink BWP for oneor more downlink receptions. The value of the one or more BWP indicatorfields may indicate an active uplink BWP for one or more uplinktransmissions.

A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless device with adefault downlink BWP within a set of configured downlink BWPs associatedwith a PCell. A default downlink BWP may be an initial active downlinkBWP, for example, if the base station does not provide/configure adefault downlink BWP to/for the wireless device. The wireless device maydetermine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP, for example,based on a CORESET configuration obtained using the PBCH.

A base station may configure a wireless device with a BWP inactivitytimer value for a PCell. The wireless device may start or restart a BWPinactivity timer at any appropriate time. The wireless device may startor restart the BWP inactivity timer, for example, if one or moreconditions are satisfied. The one or more conditions may comprise atleast one of: the wireless device detects DCI indicating an activedownlink BWP other than a default downlink BWP for a paired spectraoperation; the wireless device detects DCI indicating an active downlinkBWP other than a default downlink BWP for an unpaired spectra operation;and/or the wireless device detects DCI indicating an active uplink BWPother than a default uplink BWP for an unpaired spectra operation. Thewireless device may start/run the BWP inactivity timer toward expiration(e.g., increment from zero to the BWP inactivity timer value, ordecrement from the BWP inactivity timer value to zero), for example, ifthe wireless device does not detect DCI during a time interval (e.g., 1ms or 0.5 ms). The wireless device may switch from the active downlinkBWP to the default downlink BWP, for example, if the BWP inactivitytimer expires.

A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless device with oneor more BWPs. A wireless device may switch an active BWP from a firstBWP to a second BWP, for example, after or in response to receiving DCIindicating the second BWP as an active BWP. A wireless device may switchan active BWP from a first BWP to a second BWP, for example, after or inresponse to an expiry of the BWP inactivity timer (e.g., if the secondBWP is the default BWP).

A downlink BWP switching may refer to switching an active downlink BWPfrom a first downlink BWP to a second downlink BWP (e.g., the seconddownlink BWP is activated and the first downlink BWP is deactivated). Anuplink BWP switching may refer to switching an active uplink BWP from afirst uplink BWP to a second uplink BWP (e.g., the second uplink BWP isactivated and the first uplink BWP is deactivated). Downlink and uplinkBWP switching may be performed independently (e.g., in pairedspectrum/spectra). Downlink and uplink BWP switching may be performedsimultaneously (e.g., in unpaired spectrum/spectra). Switching betweenconfigured BWPs may occur, for example, based on RRC signaling, DCIsignaling, expiration of a BWP inactivity timer, and/or an initiation ofrandom access.

FIG. 9 shows an example of configured BWPs. Bandwidth adaptation usingmultiple BWPs (e.g., three configured BWPs for an NR carrier) may beavailable. A wireless device configured with multiple BWPs (e.g., thethree BWPs) may switch from one BWP to another BWP at a switching point.The BWPs may comprise: a BWP 902 having a bandwidth of 40 MHz and asubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; a BWP 904 having a bandwidth of 10 MHz anda subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and a BWP 906 having a bandwidth of 20MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. The BWP 902 may be an initialactive BWP, and the BWP 904 may be a default BWP. The wireless devicemay switch between BWPs at switching points. The wireless device mayswitch from the BWP 902 to the BWP 904 at a switching point 908. Theswitching at the switching point 908 may occur for any suitable reasons.The switching at a switching point 908 may occur, for example, after orin response to an expiry of a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., indicatingswitching to the default BWP). The switching at the switching point 908may occur, for example, after or in response to receiving DCI indicatingBWP 904 as the active BWP. The wireless device may switch at a switchingpoint 910 from an active BWP 904 to the BWP 906, for example, after orin response receiving DCI indicating BWP 906 as a new active BWP. Thewireless device may switch at a switching point 912 from an active BWP906 to the BWP 904, for example, after or in response to an expiry of aBWP inactivity timer. The wireless device may switch at the switchingpoint 912 from an active BWP 906 to the BWP 904, for example, after orin response receiving DCI indicating BWP 904 as a new active BWP. Thewireless device may switch at a switching point 914 from an active BWP904 to the BWP 902, for example, after or in response receiving DCIindicating the BWP 902 as a new active BWP.

Wireless device procedures for switching BWPs on a secondary cell may bethe same/similar as those on a primary cell, for example, if thewireless device is configured for a secondary cell with a defaultdownlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs and a timer value. Thewireless device may use the timer value and the default downlink BWP forthe secondary cell in the same/similar manner as the wireless deviceuses the timer value and/or default BWPs for a primary cell. The timervalue (e.g., the BWP inactivity timer) may be configured per cell (e.g.,for one or more BWPs), for example, via RRC signaling or any othersignaling. One or more active BWPs may switch to another BWP, forexample, based on an expiration of the BWP inactivity timer.

Two or more carriers may be aggregated and data may be simultaneouslytransmitted to/from the same wireless device using carrier aggregation(CA) (e.g., to increase data rates). The aggregated carriers in CA maybe referred to as component carriers (CCs). There may be anumber/quantity of serving cells for the wireless device (e.g., oneserving cell for a CC), for example, if CA is configured/used. The CCsmay have multiple configurations in the frequency domain.

FIG. 10A shows example CA configurations based on CCs. As shown in FIG.10A, three types of CA configurations may comprise an intraband(contiguous) configuration 1002, an intraband (non-contiguous)configuration 1004, and/or an interband configuration 1006. In theintraband (contiguous) configuration 1002, two CCs may be aggregated inthe same frequency band (frequency band A) and may be located directlyadjacent to each other within the frequency band. In the intraband(non-contiguous) configuration 1004, two CCs may be aggregated in thesame frequency band (frequency band A) but may be separated from eachother in the frequency band by a gap. In the interband configuration1006, two CCs may be located in different frequency bands (e.g.,frequency band A and frequency band B, respectively).

A network may set the maximum quantity of CCs that can be aggregated(e.g., up to 32 CCs may be aggregated in NR, or any other quantity maybe aggregated in other systems). The aggregated CCs may have the same ordifferent bandwidths, subcarrier spacing, and/or duplexing schemes (TDD,FDD, or any other duplexing schemes). A serving cell for a wirelessdevice using CA may have a downlink CC. One or more uplink CCs may beoptionally configured for a serving cell (e.g., for FDD). The ability toaggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers may be useful, forexample, if the wireless device has more data traffic in the downlinkthan in the uplink.

One of the aggregated cells for a wireless device may be referred to asa primary cell (PCell), for example, if a CA is configured. The PCellmay be the serving cell that the wireless initially connects to oraccess to, for example, during or at an RRC connection establishment, anRRC connection reestablishment, and/or a handover. The PCell mayprovide/configure the wireless device with NAS mobility information andthe security input. Wireless device may have different PCells. For thedownlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to asthe downlink primary CC (DL PCC). For the uplink, the carriercorresponding to the PCell may be referred to as the uplink primary CC(UL PCC). The other aggregated cells (e.g., associated with CCs otherthan the DL PCC and UL PCC) for the wireless device may be referred toas secondary cells (SCells). The SCells may be configured, for example,after the PCell is configured for the wireless device. An SCell may beconfigured via an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure. For thedownlink, the carrier corresponding to an SCell may be referred to as adownlink secondary CC (DL SCC). For the uplink, the carriercorresponding to the SCell may be referred to as the uplink secondary CC(UL SCC).

Configured SCells for a wireless device may be activated or deactivated,for example, based on traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of anSCell may cause the wireless device to stop PDCCH and PDSCH reception onthe SCell and PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmissions on the SCell. ConfiguredSCells may be activated or deactivated, for example, using a MAC CE(e.g., the MAC CE described with respect to FIG. 4B). A MAC CE may use abitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell) to indicate which SCells (e.g., in asubset of configured SCells) for the wireless device are activated ordeactivated. Configured SCells may be deactivated, for example, after orin response to an expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., oneSCell deactivation timer per SCell may be configured).

DCI may comprise control information, such as scheduling assignments andscheduling grants, for a cell. DCI may be sent/transmitted via the cellcorresponding to the scheduling assignments and/or scheduling grants,which may be referred to as a self-scheduling. DCI comprising controlinformation for a cell may be sent/transmitted via another cell, whichmay be referred to as a cross-carrier scheduling. Uplink controlinformation (UCI) may comprise control information, such as HARQacknowledgments and channel state feedback (e.g., CQI, PMI, and/or RI)for aggregated cells. UCI may be transmitted via an uplink controlchannel (e.g., a PUCCH) of the PCell or a certain SCell (e.g., an SCellconfigured with PUCCH). For a larger number of aggregated downlink CCs,the PUCCH of the PCell may become overloaded. Cells may be divided intomultiple PUCCH groups.

FIG. 10B shows example group of cells. Aggregated cells may beconfigured into one or more PUCCH groups (e.g., as shown in FIG. 10B).One or more cell groups or one or more uplink control channel groups(e.g., a PUCCH group 1010 and a PUCCH group 1050) may comprise one ormore downlink CCs, respectively. The PUCCH group 1010 may comprise oneor more downlink CCs, for example, three downlink CCs: a PCell 1011(e.g., a DL PCC), an SCell 1012 (e.g., a DL SCC), and an SCell 1013(e.g., a DL SCC). The PUCCH group 1050 may comprise one or more downlinkCCs, for example, three downlink CCs: a PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1051(e.g., a DL SCC), an SCell 1052 (e.g., a DL SCC), and an SCell 1053(e.g., a DL SCC). One or more uplink CCs of the PUCCH group 1010 may beconfigured as a PCell 1021 (e.g., a UL PCC), an SCell 1022 (e.g., a ULSCC), and an SCell 1023 (e.g., a UL SCC). One or more uplink CCs of thePUCCH group 1050 may be configured as a PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1061(e.g., a UL SCC), an SCell 1062 (e.g., a UL SCC), and an SCell 1063(e.g., a UL SCC). UCI related to the downlink CCs of the PUCCH group1010, shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033, may be transmitted viathe uplink of the PCell 1021 (e.g., via the PUCCH of the PCell 1021).UCI related to the downlink CCs of the PUCCH group 1050, shown as UCI1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073, may be sent/transmitted via the uplink ofthe PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1061 (e.g., via the PUCCH of the PUCCH SCell1061). A single uplink PCell may be configured to send/transmit UCIrelating to the six downlink CCs, for example, if the aggregated cellsshown in FIG. 10B are not divided into the PUCCH group 1010 and thePUCCH group 1050. The PCell 1021 may become overloaded, for example, ifthe UCIs 1031, 1032, 1033, 1071, 1072, and 1073 are sent/transmitted viathe PCell 1021. By dividing transmissions of UCI between the PCell 1021and the PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1061, overloading may be preventedand/or reduced.

A PCell may comprise a downlink carrier (e.g., the PCell 1011) and anuplink carrier (e.g., the PCell 1021). An SCell may comprise only adownlink carrier. A cell, comprising a downlink carrier and optionallyan uplink carrier, may be assigned with a physical cell ID and a cellindex. The physical cell ID or the cell index may indicate/identify adownlink carrier and/or an uplink carrier of the cell, for example,depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used. Aphysical cell ID may be determined, for example, using a synchronizationsignal (e.g., PSS and/or SSS) transmitted via a downlink componentcarrier. A cell index may be determined, for example, using one or moreRRC messages. A physical cell ID may be referred to as a carrier ID, anda cell index may be referred to as a carrier index. A first physicalcell ID for a first downlink carrier may refer to the first physicalcell ID for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. Substantiallythe same/similar concept may apply to, for example, a carrieractivation. Activation of a first carrier may refer to activation of acell comprising the first carrier.

A multi-carrier nature of a PHY layer may be exposed/indicated to a MAClayer (e.g., in a CA configuration). A HARQ entity may operate on aserving cell. A transport block may be generated per assignment/grantper serving cell. A transport block and potential HARQ retransmissionsof the transport block may be mapped to a serving cell.

For the downlink, a base station may send/transmit (e.g., unicast,multicast, and/or broadcast), to one or more wireless devices, one ormore reference signals (RSs) (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DM-RS, and/orPT-RS). For the uplink, the one or more wireless devices maysend/transmit one or more RSs to the base station (e.g., DM-RS, PT-RS,and/or SRS). The PSS and the SSS may be sent/transmitted by the basestation and used by the one or more wireless devices to synchronize theone or more wireless devices with the base station. A synchronizationsignal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block may comprise thePSS, the SSS, and the PBCH. The base station may periodicallysend/transmit a burst of SS/PBCH blocks, which may be referred to asSSBs.

FIG. 11A shows an example mapping of one or more SS/PBCH blocks. A burstof SS/PBCH blocks may comprise one or more SS/PBCH blocks (e.g., 4SS/PBCH blocks, as shown in FIG. 11A). Bursts may be sent/transmittedperiodically (e.g., every 2 frames, 20 ms, or any other durations). Aburst may be restricted to a half-frame (e.g., a first half-frame havinga duration of 5 ms). Such parameters (e.g., the number of SS/PBCH blocksper burst, periodicity of bursts, position of the burst within theframe) may be configured, for example, based on at least one of: acarrier frequency of a cell in which the SS/PBCH block issent/transmitted; a numerology or subcarrier spacing of the cell; aconfiguration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); and/or anyother suitable factor(s). A wireless device may assume a subcarrierspacing for the SS/PBCH block based on the carrier frequency beingmonitored, for example, unless the radio network configured the wirelessdevice to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

The SS/PBCH block may span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain(e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, as shown in FIG. 11A or any other quantity/numberof symbols) and may span one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain(e.g., 240 contiguous subcarriers or any other quantity/number ofsubcarriers). The PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may have a common centerfrequency. The PSS may be sent/transmitted first and may span, forexample, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS may besent/transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and may span 1OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH may be sent/transmitted afterthe PSS (e.g., across the next 3 OFDM symbols) and may span 240subcarriers (e.g., in the second and fourth OFDM symbols as shown inFIG. 11A) and/or may span fewer than 240 subcarriers (e.g., in the thirdOFDM symbols as shown in FIG. 11A).

The location of the SS/PBCH block in the time and frequency domains maynot be known to the wireless device (e.g., if the wireless device issearching for the cell). The wireless device may monitor a carrier forthe PSS, for example, to find and select the cell. The wireless devicemay monitor a frequency location within the carrier. The wireless devicemay search for the PSS at a different frequency location within thecarrier, for example, if the PSS is not found after a certain duration(e.g., 20 ms). The wireless device may search for the PSS at a differentfrequency location within the carrier, for example, as indicated by asynchronization raster. The wireless device may determine the locationsof the SSS and the PBCH, respectively, for example, based on a knownstructure of the SS/PBCH block if the PSS is found at a location in thetime and frequency domains. The SS/PBCH block may be a cell-defining SSblock (CD-SSB). A primary cell may be associated with a CD-SSB. TheCD-SSB may be located on a synchronization raster. A cellselection/search and/or reselection may be based on the CD-SSB.

The SS/PBCH block may be used by the wireless device to determine one ormore parameters of the cell. The wireless device may determine aphysical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell, for example, based on thesequences of the PSS and the SSS, respectively. The wireless device maydetermine a location of a frame boundary of the cell, for example, basedon the location of the SS/PBCH block. The SS/PBCH block may indicatethat it has been sent/transmitted in accordance with a transmissionpattern. An SS/PBCH block in the transmission pattern may be a knowndistance from the frame boundary (e.g., a predefined distance for a RANconfiguration among one or more networks, one or more base stations, andone or more wireless devices).

The PBCH may use a QPSK modulation and/or forward error correction(FEC). The FEC may use polar coding. One or more symbols spanned by thePBCH may comprise/carry one or more DM-RSs for demodulation of the PBCH.The PBCH may comprise an indication of a current system frame number(SFN) of the cell and/or a SS/PBCH block timing index. These parametersmay facilitate time synchronization of the wireless device to the basestation. The PBCH may comprise a MIB used to send/transmit to thewireless device one or more parameters. The MIB may be used by thewireless device to locate remaining minimum system information (RMSI)associated with the cell. The RMSI may comprise a System InformationBlock Type 1 (SIB1). The SIB1 may comprise information for the wirelessdevice to access the cell. The wireless device may use one or moreparameters of the MIB to monitor a PDCCH, which may be used to schedulea PDSCH. The PDSCH may comprise the SIB 1. The SIB1 may be decoded usingparameters provided/comprised in the MIB. The PBCH may indicate anabsence of SIB 1. The wireless device may be pointed to a frequency, forexample, based on the PBCH indicating the absence of SIB1. The wirelessdevice may search for an SS/PBCH block at the frequency to which thewireless device is pointed.

The wireless device may assume that one or more SS/PBCH blockssent/transmitted with a same SS/PBCH block index are quasi co-located(QCLed) (e.g., having substantially the same/similar Doppler spread,Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and/or spatial Rxparameters). The wireless device may not assume QCL for SS/PBCH blocktransmissions having different SS/PBCH block indices. SS/PBCH blocks(e.g., those within a half-frame) may be sent/transmitted in spatialdirections (e.g., using different beams that span a coverage area of thecell). A first SS/PBCH block may be sent/transmitted in a first spatialdirection using a first beam, a second SS/PBCH block may besent/transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam, athird SS/PBCH block may be sent/transmitted in a third spatial directionusing a third beam, a fourth SS/PBCH block may be sent/transmitted in afourth spatial direction using a fourth beam, etc.

A base station may send/transmit a plurality of SS/PBCH blocks, forexample, within a frequency span of a carrier. A first PCI of a firstSS/PBCH block of the plurality of SS/PBCH blocks may be different from asecond PCI of a second SS/PBCH block of the plurality of SS/PBCH blocks.The PCIs of SS/PBCH blocks sent/transmitted in different frequencylocations may be different or substantially the same.

The CSI-RS may be sent/transmitted by the base station and used by thewireless device to acquire/obtain/determine channel state information(CSI). The base station may configure the wireless device with one ormore CSI-RSs for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. Thebase station may configure a wireless device with one or more of thesame/similar CSI-RSs. The wireless device may measure the one or moreCSI-RSs. The wireless device may estimate a downlink channel stateand/or generate a CSI report, for example, based on the measuring of theone or more downlink CSI-RSs. The wireless device may send/transmit theCSI report to the base station (e.g., based on periodic CSI reporting,semi-persistent CSI reporting, and/or aperiodic CSI reporting). The basestation may use feedback provided by the wireless device (e.g., theestimated downlink channel state) to perform a link adaptation.

The base station may semi-statically configure the wireless device withone or more CSI-RS resource sets. A CSI-RS resource may be associatedwith a location in the time and frequency domains and a periodicity. Thebase station may selectively activate and/or deactivate a CSI-RSresource. The base station may indicate to the wireless device that aCSI-RS resource in the CSI-RS resource set is activated and/ordeactivated.

The base station may configure the wireless device to report CSImeasurements. The base station may configure the wireless device toprovide CSI reports periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently.For periodic CSI reporting, the wireless device may be configured with atiming and/or periodicity of a plurality of CSI reports. For aperiodicCSI reporting, the base station may request a CSI report. The basestation may command the wireless device to measure a configured CSI-RSresource and provide a CSI report relating to the measurement(s). Forsemi-persistent CSI reporting, the base station may configure thewireless device to send/transmit periodically, and selectively activateor deactivate the periodic reporting (e.g., via one or moreactivation/deactivation MAC CEs and/or one or more DCIs). The basestation may configure the wireless device with a CSI-RS resource set andCSI reports, for example, using RRC signaling.

The CSI-RS configuration may comprise one or more parameters indicating,for example, up to 32 antenna ports (or any other quantity of antennaports). The wireless device may be configured to use/employ the sameOFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS and a CORESET, for example, if thedownlink CSI-RS and CORESET are spatially QCLed and resource elementsassociated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside of the physical resourceblocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. The wireless device may beconfigured to use/employ the same OFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS andSS/PBCH blocks, for example, if the downlink CSI-RS and SS/PBCH blocksare spatially QCLed and resource elements associated with the downlinkCSI-RS are outside of PRBs configured for the SS/PBCH blocks.

Downlink DM-RSs may be sent/transmitted by a base station andreceived/used by a wireless device for a channel estimation. Thedownlink DM-RSs may be used for coherent demodulation of one or moredownlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). A network (e.g., an NRnetwork) may support one or more variable and/or configurable DM-RSpatterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DM-RSconfiguration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. A front-loadedDM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or twoadjacent OFDM symbols). A base station may semi-statically configure thewireless device with a number/quantity (e.g. a maximum number/quantity)of front-loaded DM-RS symbols for a PDSCH. A DM-RS configuration maysupport one or more DM-RS ports. A DM-RS configuration may support up toeight orthogonal downlink DM-RS ports per wireless device (e.g., forsingle user-MIMO). A DM-RS configuration may support up to 4 orthogonaldownlink DM-RS ports per wireless device (e.g., for multiuser-MIMO). Aradio network may support (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM) a common DM-RSstructure for downlink and uplink. A DM-RS location, a DM-RS pattern,and/or a scrambling sequence may be the same or different. The basestation may send/transmit a downlink DM-RS and a corresponding PDSCH,for example, using the same precoding matrix. The wireless device mayuse the one or more downlink DM-RSs for coherent demodulation/channelestimation of the PDSCH.

A transmitter (e.g., a transmitter of a base station) may use a precodermatrices for a part of a transmission bandwidth. The transmitter may usea first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precodermatrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the secondprecoder matrix may be different, for example, based on the firstbandwidth being different from the second bandwidth. The wireless devicemay assume that a same precoding matrix is used across a set of PRBs.The set of PRBs may be determined/indicated/identified/denoted as aprecoding resource block group (PRG).

A PDSCH may comprise one or more layers. The wireless device may assumethat at least one symbol with DM-RS is present on a layer of the one ormore layers of the PDSCH. A higher layer may configure one or moreDM-RSs for a PDSCH (e.g., up to 3 DMRSs for the PDSCH). Downlink PT-RSmay be sent/transmitted by a base station and used by a wireless device,for example, for a phase-noise compensation. Whether a downlink PT-RS ispresent or not may depend on an RRC configuration. The presence and/orthe pattern of the downlink PT-RS may be configured on a wirelessdevice-specific basis, for example, using a combination of RRC signalingand/or an association with one or more parameters used/employed forother purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)), which may beindicated by DCI. A dynamic presence of a downlink PT-RS, if configured,may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at leastMCS. A network (e.g., an NR network) may support a plurality of PT-RSdensities defined in the time and/or frequency domains. A frequencydomain density (if configured/present) may be associated with at leastone configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. The wireless device mayassume a same precoding for a DM-RS port and a PT-RS port. Thequantity/number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than the quantity/number ofDM-RS ports in a scheduled resource. Downlink PT-RS may beconfigured/allocated/confined in the scheduled time/frequency durationfor the wireless device. Downlink PT-RS may be sent/transmitted viasymbols, for example, to facilitate a phase tracking at the receiver.

The wireless device may send/transmit an uplink DM-RS to a base station,for example, for a channel estimation. The base station may use theuplink DM-RS for coherent demodulation of one or more uplink physicalchannels. The wireless device may send/transmit an uplink DM-RS with aPUSCH and/or a PUCCH. The uplink DM-RS may span a range of frequenciesthat is similar to a range of frequencies associated with thecorresponding physical channel. The base station may configure thewireless device with one or more uplink DM-RS configurations. At leastone DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. Thefront-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g.,one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DM-RSs may beconfigured to send/transmit at one or more symbols of a PUSCH and/or aPUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure the wirelessdevice with a number/quantity (e.g. the maximum number/quantity) offront-loaded DM-RS symbols for the PUSCH and/or the PUCCH, which thewireless device may use to schedule a single-symbol DM-RS and/or adouble-symbol DM-RS. A network (e.g., an NR network) may support (e.g.,for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM))a common DM-RS structure for downlink and uplink. A DM-RS location, aDM-RS pattern, and/or a scrambling sequence for the DM-RS may besubstantially the same or different.

A PUSCH may comprise one or more layers. A wireless device maysend/transmit at least one symbol with DM-RS present on a layer of theone or more layers of the PUSCH. A higher layer may configure one ormore DM-RSs (e.g., up to three DMRSs) for the PUSCH. Uplink PT-RS (whichmay be used by a base station for a phase tracking and/or a phase-noisecompensation) may or may not be present, for example, depending on anRRC configuration of the wireless device. The presence and/or thepattern of an uplink PT-RS may be configured on a wirelessdevice-specific basis (e.g., a UE-specific basis), for example, by acombination of RRC signaling and/or one or more parametersconfigured/employed for other purposes (e.g., MCS), which may beindicated by DCI. A dynamic presence of an uplink PT-RS, if configured,may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at leastMCS. A radio network may support a plurality of uplink PT-RS densitiesdefined in time/frequency domain. A frequency domain density (ifconfigured/present) may be associated with at least one configuration ofa scheduled bandwidth. The wireless device may assume a same precodingfor a DM-RS port and a PT-RS port. A quantity/number of PT-RS ports maybe less than a quantity/number of DM-RS ports in a scheduled resource.An uplink PT-RS may be configured/allocated/confined in the scheduledtime/frequency duration for the wireless device.

One or more SRSs may be sent/transmitted by a wireless device to a basestation, for example, for a channel state estimation to support uplinkchannel dependent scheduling and/or a link adaptation. SRSsent/transmitted by the wireless device may enable/allow a base stationto estimate an uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. Ascheduler at the base station may use/employ the estimated uplinkchannel state to assign one or more resource blocks for an uplink PUSCHtransmission for the wireless device. The base station maysemi-statically configure the wireless device with one or more SRSresource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station may configurethe wireless device with one or more SRS resources. An SRS resource setapplicability may be configured, for example, by a higher layer (e.g.,RRC) parameter. An SRS resource in a SRS resource set of the one or moreSRS resource sets (e.g., with the same/similar time domain behavior,periodic, aperiodic, and/or the like) may be sent/transmitted at a timeinstant (e.g., simultaneously), for example, if a higher layer parameterindicates beam management. The wireless device may send/transmit one ormore SRS resources in SRS resource sets. A network (e.g., an NR network)may support aperiodic, periodic, and/or semi-persistent SRStransmissions. The wireless device may send/transmit SRS resources, forexample, based on one or more trigger types. The one or more triggertypes may comprise higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and/or one or moreDCI formats. At least one DCI format may be used/employed for thewireless device to select at least one of one or more configured SRSresource sets. An SRS trigger type 0 may refer to an SRS triggered basedon higher layer signaling. An SRS trigger type 1 may refer to an SRStriggered based on one or more DCI formats. The wireless device may beconfigured to send/transmit an SRS, for example, after a transmission ofa PUSCH and a corresponding uplink DM-RS if a PUSCH and an SRS aresent/transmitted in a same slot. A base station may semi-staticallyconfigure a wireless device with one or more SRS configurationparameters indicating at least one of following: a SRS resourceconfiguration identifier; a number of SRS ports; time domain behavior ofan SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic,semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); slot, mini-slot, and/or subframelevel periodicity; an offset for a periodic and/or an aperiodic SRSresource; a number of OFDM symbols in an SRS resource; a starting OFDMsymbol of an SRS resource; an SRS bandwidth; a frequency hoppingbandwidth; a cyclic shift; and/or an SRS sequence ID.

An antenna port may be determined/defined such that the channel overwhich a symbol on the antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from thechannel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is conveyed.The receiver may infer/determine the channel (e.g., fading gain,multipath delay, and/or the like) for conveying a second symbol on anantenna port, from the channel for conveying a first symbol on theantenna port, for example, if the first symbol and the second symbol aresent/transmitted on the same antenna port. A first antenna port and asecond antenna port may be referred to as quasi co-located (QCLed), forexample, if one or more large-scale properties of the channel over whicha first symbol on the first antenna port is conveyed may be inferredfrom the channel over which a second symbol on a second antenna port isconveyed. The one or more large-scale properties may comprise at leastone of: a delay spread; a Doppler spread; a Doppler shift; an averagegain; an average delay; and/or spatial Receiving (Rx) parameters.

Channels that use beamforming may require beam management. Beammanagement may comprise a beam measurement, a beam selection, and/or abeam indication. A beam may be associated with one or more referencesignals. A beam may be identified by one or more beamformed referencesignals. The wireless device may perform a downlink beam measurement,for example, based on one or more downlink reference signals (e.g., aCSI-RS) and generate a beam measurement report. The wireless device mayperform the downlink beam measurement procedure, for example, after anRRC connection is set up with a base station.

FIG. 11B shows an example mapping of one or more CSI-RSs. The CSI-RSsmay be mapped in the time and frequency domains. Each rectangular blockshown in FIG. 11B may correspond to a resource block (RB) within abandwidth of a cell. A base station may send/transmit one or more RRCmessages comprising CSI-RS resource configuration parameters indicatingone or more CSI-RSs. One or more of parameters may be configured byhigher layer signaling (e.g., RRC and/or MAC signaling) for a CSI-RSresource configuration. The one or more of the parameters may compriseat least one of: a CSI-RS resource configuration identity, a number ofCSI-RS ports, a CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element(RE) locations in a subframe), a CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., asubframe location, an offset, and periodicity in a radio frame), aCSI-RS power parameter, a CSI-RS sequence parameter, a code divisionmultiplexing (CDM) type parameter, a frequency density, a transmissioncomb, quasi co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity,crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid,qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and/or other radio resource parameters.

One or more beams may be configured for a wireless device in a wirelessdevice-specific configuration. Three beams are shown in FIG. 11B (beam#1, beam #2, and beam #3), but more or fewer beams may be configured.Beam #1 may be allocated with CSI-RS 1101 that may be sent/transmittedin one or more subcarriers in an RB of a first symbol. Beam #2 may beallocated with CSI-RS 1102 that may be sent/transmitted in one or moresubcarriers in an RB of a second symbol. Beam #3 may be allocated withCSI-RS 1103 that may be sent/transmitted in one or more subcarriers inan RB of a third symbol. A base station may use other subcarriers in thesame RB (e.g., those that are not used to send/transmit CSI-RS 1101) totransmit another CSI-RS associated with a beam for another wirelessdevice, for example, by using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).Beams used for a wireless device may be configured such that beams forthe wireless device use symbols different from symbols used by beams ofother wireless devices, for example, by using time domain multiplexing(TDM). A wireless device may be served with beams in orthogonal symbols(e.g., no overlapping symbols), for example, by using the TDM.

CSI-RSs (e.g., CSI-RSs 1101, 1102, 1103) may be sent/transmitted by thebase station and used by the wireless device for one or moremeasurements. The wireless device may measure an RSRP of configuredCSI-RS resources. The base station may configure the wireless devicewith a reporting configuration, and the wireless device may report theRSRP measurements to a network (e.g., via one or more base stations)based on the reporting configuration. The base station may determine,based on the reported measurement results, one or more transmissionconfiguration indication (TCI) states comprising a number of referencesignals. The base station may indicate one or more TCI states to thewireless device (e.g., via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and/or DCI). Thewireless device may receive a downlink transmission with an Rx beamdetermined based on the one or more TCI states. The wireless device mayor may not have a capability of beam correspondence. The wireless devicemay determine a spatial domain filter of a transmit (Tx) beam, forexample, based on a spatial domain filter of the corresponding Rx beam,if the wireless device has the capability of beam correspondence. Thewireless device may perform an uplink beam selection procedure todetermine the spatial domain filter of the Tx beam, for example, if thewireless device does not have the capability of beam correspondence. Thewireless device may perform the uplink beam selection procedure, forexample, based on one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resourcesconfigured to the wireless device by the base station. The base stationmay select and indicate uplink beams for the wireless device, forexample, based on measurements of the one or more SRS resourcessent/transmitted by the wireless device.

A wireless device may determine/assess (e.g., measure) a channel qualityof one or more beam pair links, for example, in a beam managementprocedure. A beam pair link may comprise a Tx beam of a base station andan Rx beam of the wireless device. The Tx beam of the base station maysend/transmit a downlink signal, and the Rx beam of the wireless devicemay receive the downlink signal. The wireless device may send/transmit abeam measurement report, for example, based on theassessment/determination. The beam measurement report may indicate oneor more beam pair quality parameters comprising at least one of: one ormore beam identifications (e.g., a beam index, a reference signal index,or the like), an RSRP, a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a channelquality indicator (CQI), and/or a rank indicator (RI).

FIG. 12A shows examples of downlink beam management procedures. One ormore downlink beam management procedures (e.g., downlink beam managementprocedures P1, P2, and P3) may be performed. Procedure P1 may enable ameasurement (e.g., a wireless device measurement) on Tx beams of a TRP(or multiple TRPs) (e.g., to support a selection of one or more basestation Tx beams and/or wireless device Rx beams). The Tx beams of abase station and the Rx beams of a wireless device are shown as ovals inthe top row of P1 and bottom row of P1, respectively. Beamforming (e.g.,at a TRP) may comprise a Tx beam sweep for a set of beams (e.g., thebeam sweeps shown, in the top rows of P1 and P2, as ovals rotated in acounter-clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrows). Beamforming(e.g., at a wireless device) may comprise an Rx beam sweep for a set ofbeams (e.g., the beam sweeps shown, in the bottom rows of P1 and P3, asovals rotated in a clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrows).Procedure P2 may be used to enable a measurement (e.g., a wirelessdevice measurement) on Tx beams of a TRP (shown, in the top row of P2,as ovals rotated in a counter-clockwise direction indicated by thedashed arrow). The wireless device and/or the base station may performprocedure P2, for example, using a smaller set of beams than the set ofbeams used in procedure P1, or using narrower beams than the beams usedin procedure P1. Procedure P2 may be referred to as a beam refinement.The wireless device may perform procedure P3 for an Rx beamdetermination, for example, by using the same Tx beam(s) of the basestation and sweeping Rx beam(s) of the wireless device.

FIG. 12B shows examples of uplink beam management procedures. One ormore uplink beam management procedures (e.g., uplink beam managementprocedures U1, U2, and U3) may be performed. Procedure U1 may be used toenable a base station to perform a measurement on Tx beams of a wirelessdevice (e.g., to support a selection of one or more Tx beams of thewireless device and/or Rx beams of the base station). The Tx beams ofthe wireless device and the Rx beams of the base station are shown asovals in the top row of U1 and bottom row of U1, respectively).Beamforming (e.g., at the wireless device) may comprise one or more beamsweeps, for example, a Tx beam sweep from a set of beams (shown, in thebottom rows of U1 and U3, as ovals rotated in a clockwise directionindicated by the dashed arrows). Beamforming (e.g., at the base station)may comprise one or more beam sweeps, for example, an Rx beam sweep froma set of beams (shown, in the top rows of U1 and U2, as ovals rotated ina counter-clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrows). ProcedureU2 may be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam, forexample, if the UE uses a fixed Tx beam. The wireless device and/or thebase station may perform procedure U2, for example, using a smaller setof beams than the set of beams used in procedure P1, or using narrowerbeams than the beams used in procedure P1. Procedure U2 may be referredto as a beam refinement. The wireless device may perform procedure U3 toadjust its Tx beam, for example, if the base station uses a fixed Rxbeam.

A wireless device may initiate/start/perform a beam failure recovery(BFR) procedure, for example, based on detecting a beam failure. Thewireless device may send/transmit a BFR request (e.g., a preamble, UCI,an SR, a MAC CE, and/or the like), for example, based on the initiatingthe BFR procedure. The wireless device may detect the beam failure, forexample, based on a determination that a quality of beam pair link(s) ofan associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., having an errorrate higher than an error rate threshold, a received signal power lowerthan a received signal power threshold, an expiration of a timer, and/orthe like).

The wireless device may measure a quality of a beam pair link, forexample, using one or more reference signals (RSs) comprising one ormore SS/PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources, and/or one or moreDM-RSs. A quality of the beam pair link may be based on one or more of ablock error rate (BLER), an RSRP value, a signal to interference plusnoise ratio (SINR) value, an RSRQ value, and/or a CSI value measured onRS resources. The base station may indicate that an RS resource is QCLedwith one or more DM-RSs of a channel (e.g., a control channel, a shareddata channel, and/or the like). The RS resource and the one or moreDM-RSs of the channel may be QCLed, for example, if the channelcharacteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, an average delay,delay spread, a spatial Rx parameter, fading, and/or the like) from atransmission via the RS resource to the wireless device are similar orthe same as the channel characteristics from a transmission via thechannel to the wireless device.

A network (e.g., an NR network comprising a gNB and/or an ng-eNB) and/orthe wireless device may initiate/start/perform a random accessprocedure. A wireless device in an RRC idle (e.g., an RRC_IDLE) stateand/or an RRC inactive (e.g., an RRC_INACTIVE) state mayinitiate/perform the random access procedure to request a connectionsetup to a network. The wireless device may initiate/start/perform therandom access procedure from an RRC connected (e.g., an RRC_CONNECTED)state. The wireless device may initiate/start/perform the random accessprocedure to request uplink resources (e.g., for uplink transmission ofan SR if there is no PUCCH resource available) and/oracquire/obtain/determine an uplink timing (e.g., if an uplinksynchronization status is non-synchronized). The wireless device mayinitiate/start/perform the random access procedure to request one ormore system information blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system informationblocks, such as SIB2, SIB3, and/or the like). The wireless device mayinitiate/start/perform the random access procedure for a beam failurerecovery request. A network may initiate/start/perform a random accessprocedure, for example, for a handover and/or for establishing timealignment for an SCell addition.

FIG. 13A shows an example four-step random access procedure. Thefour-step random access procedure may comprise a four-stepcontention-based random access procedure. A base station maysend/transmit a configuration message 1310 to a wireless device, forexample, before initiating the random access procedure. The four-steprandom access procedure may comprise transmissions of four messagescomprising: a first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311), a second message (e.g.,Msg 2 1312), a third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313), and a fourth message(e.g., Msg 4 1314). The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) may comprise apreamble (or a random access preamble). The first message (e.g., Msg 11311) may be referred to as a preamble. The second message (e.g., Msg 21312) may comprise as a random access response (RAR). The second message(e.g., Msg 2 1312) may be referred to as an RAR.

The configuration message 1310 may be sent/transmitted, for example,using one or more RRC messages. The one or more RRC messages mayindicate one or more random access channel (RACH) parameters to thewireless device. The one or more RACH parameters may comprise at leastone of: general parameters for one or more random access procedures(e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g.,RACH-ConfigCommon); and/or dedicated parameters (e.g.,RACH-configDedicated). The base station may send/transmit (e.g.,broadcast or multicast) the one or more RRC messages to one or morewireless devices. The one or more RRC messages may be wirelessdevice-specific. The one or more RRC messages that are wirelessdevice-specific may be, for example, dedicated RRC messagessent/transmitted to a wireless device in an RRC connected (e.g., anRRC_CONNECTED) state and/or in an RRC inactive (e.g., an RRC_INACTIVE)state. The wireless devices may determine, based on the one or more RACHparameters, a time-frequency resource and/or an uplink transmit powerfor transmission of the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or thethird message (e.g., Msg 3 1313). The wireless device may determine areception timing and a downlink channel for receiving the second message(e.g., Msg 2 1312) and the fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314), forexample, based on the one or more RACH parameters.

The one or more RACH parameters provided/configured/comprised in theconfiguration message 1310 may indicate one or more Physical RACH(PRACH) occasions available for transmission of the first message (e.g.,Msg 1 1311). The one or more PRACH occasions may be predefined (e.g., bya network comprising one or more base stations). The one or more RACHparameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACHoccasions (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters mayindicate an association between (a) one or more PRACH occasions and (b)one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters mayindicate an association between (a) one or more preambles and (b) one ormore reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS/PBCHblocks and/or CSI-RSs. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate aquantity/number of SS/PBCH blocks mapped to a PRACH occasion and/or aquantity/number of preambles mapped to a SS/PBCH blocks.

The one or more RACH parameters provided/configured/comprised in theconfiguration message 1310 may be used to determine an uplink transmitpower of first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or third message (e.g.,Msg 3 1313). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate a referencepower for a preamble transmission (e.g., a received target power and/oran initial power of the preamble transmission). There may be one or morepower offsets indicated by the one or more RACH parameters. The one ormore RACH parameters may indicate: a power ramping step; a power offsetbetween SSB and CSI-RS; a power offset between transmissions of thefirst message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and the third message (e.g., Msg 31313); and/or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one ormore RACH parameters may indicate one or more thresholds, for example,based on which the wireless device may determine at least one referencesignal (e.g., an SSB and/or CSI-RS) and/or an uplink carrier (e.g., anormal uplink (NUL) carrier and/or a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier).

The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) may comprise one or more preambletransmissions (e.g., a preamble transmission and one or more preambleretransmissions). An RRC message may be used to configure one or morepreamble groups (e.g., group A and/or group B). A preamble group maycomprise one or more preambles. The wireless device may determine thepreamble group, for example, based on a pathloss measurement and/or asize of the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313). The wireless device maymeasure an RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and/orCSI-RSs) and determine at least one reference signal having an RSRPabove an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and/orrsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). The wireless device may select at least onepreamble associated with the one or more reference signals and/or aselected preamble group, for example, if the association between the oneor more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured byan RRC message.

The wireless device may determine the preamble, for example, based onthe one or more RACH parameters provided/configured/comprised in theconfiguration message 1310. The wireless device may determine thepreamble, for example, based on a pathloss measurement, an RSRPmeasurement, and/or a size of the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313). Theone or more RACH parameters may indicate: a preamble format; a maximumquantity/number of preamble transmissions; and/or one or more thresholdsfor determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and group B).A base station may use the one or more RACH parameters to configure thewireless device with an association between one or more preambles andone or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and/or CSI-RSs). The wirelessdevice may determine the preamble to be comprised in first message(e.g., Msg 1 1311), for example, based on the association if theassociation is configured. The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) may besent/transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH occasions.The wireless device may use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBsand/or CSI-RSs) for selection of the preamble and for determining of thePRACH occasion. One or more RACH parameters (e.g.,ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and/or ra-OccasionList) may indicate anassociation between the PRACH occasions and the one or more referencesignals.

The wireless device may perform a preamble retransmission, for example,if no response is received after or in response to a preambletransmission (e.g., for a period of time, such as a monitoring windowfor monitoring an RAR). The wireless device may increase an uplinktransmit power for the preamble retransmission. The wireless device mayselect an initial preamble transmit power, for example, based on apathloss measurement and/or a target received preamble power configuredby the network. The wireless device may determine to resend/retransmit apreamble and may ramp up the uplink transmit power. The wireless devicemay receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g.,PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating a ramping step for the preambleretransmission. The ramping step may be an amount of incrementalincrease in uplink transmit power for a retransmission. The wirelessdevice may ramp up the uplink transmit power, for example, if thewireless device determines a reference signal (e.g., SSB and/or CSI-RS)that is the same as a previous preamble transmission. The wirelessdevice may count the quantity/number of preamble transmissions and/orretransmissions, for example, using a counter parameter (e.g.,PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). The wireless device may determine that arandom access procedure has been completed unsuccessfully, for example,if the quantity/number of preamble transmissions exceeds a thresholdconfigured by the one or more RACH parameters (e.g., preambleTransMax)without receiving a successful response (e.g., an RAR).

The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) (e.g., received by the wirelessdevice) may comprise an RAR. The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) maycomprise multiple RARs corresponding to multiple wireless devices. Thesecond message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) may be received, for example, after orin response to the transmitting of the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311).The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) may be scheduled on the DL-SCH andmay be indicated by a PDCCH, for example, using a random access radionetwork temporary identifier (RA RNTI). The second message (e.g., Msg 21312) may indicate that the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) wasreceived by the base station. The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) maycomprise a time-alignment command that may be used by the wirelessdevice to adjust the transmission timing of the wireless device, ascheduling grant for transmission of the third message (e.g., Msg 31313), and/or a Temporary Cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). The wireless device maydetermine/start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor aPDCCH for the second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312), for example, aftertransmitting the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) (e.g., a preamble).The wireless device may determine the start time of the time window, forexample, based on a PRACH occasion that the wireless device uses tosend/transmit the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) (e.g., the preamble).The wireless device may start the time window one or more symbols afterthe last symbol of the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) comprising thepreamble (e.g., the symbol in which the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311)comprising the preamble transmission was completed or at a first PDCCHoccasion from an end of a preamble transmission). The one or moresymbols may be determined based on a numerology. The PDCCH may be mappedin a common search space (e.g., a Type1-PDCCH common search space)configured by an RRC message. The wireless device may identify/determinethe RAR, for example, based on an RNTI. Radio network temporaryidentifiers (RNTIs) may be used depending on one or more eventsinitiating/starting the random access procedure. The wireless device mayuse a RA-RNTI, for example, for one or more communications associatedwith random access or any other purpose. The RA-RNTI may be associatedwith PRACH occasions in which the wireless device sends/transmits apreamble. The wireless device may determine the RA-RNTI, for example,based on at least one of: an OFDM symbol index; a slot index; afrequency domain index; and/or a UL carrier indicator of the PRACHoccasions. An example RA-RNTI may be determined as follows:

RA-RNTI=1+s_id+14×t_id+14×80×f_id+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id

where s_id may be an index of a first OFDM symbol of the PRACH occasion(e.g., 0≤s_id≤14), t_id may be an index of a first slot of the PRACHoccasion in a system frame (e.g., 0≤t_id≤80), f_id may be an index ofthe PRACH occasion in the frequency domain (e.g., 0≤f_id≤8), andul_carrier_id may be a UL carrier used for a preamble transmission(e.g., 0 for an NUL carrier, and 1 for an SUL carrier).

The wireless device may send/transmit the third message (e.g., Msg 31313), for example, after or in response to a successful reception ofthe second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) (e.g., using resources identifiedin the Msg 2 1312). The third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313) may be used,for example, for contention resolution in the contention-based randomaccess procedure. A plurality of wireless devices may send/transmit thesame preamble to a base station, and the base station may send/transmitan RAR that corresponds to a wireless device. Collisions may occur, forexample, if the plurality of wireless device interpret the RAR ascorresponding to themselves. Contention resolution (e.g., using thethird message (e.g., Msg 3 1313) and the fourth message (e.g., Msg 41314)) may be used to increase the likelihood that the wireless devicedoes not incorrectly use an identity of another the wireless device. Thewireless device may comprise a device identifier in the third message(e.g., Msg 3 1313) (e.g., a C-RNTI if assigned, a TC RNTI comprised inthe second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312), and/or any other suitableidentifier), for example, to perform contention resolution.

The fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314) may be received, for example,after or in response to the transmitting of the third message (e.g., Msg3 1313). The base station may address the wireless on the PDCCH (e.g.,the base station may send the PDCCH to the wireless device) using aC-RNTI, for example, If the C-RNTI was included in the third message(e.g., Msg 3 1313). The random access procedure may be determined to besuccessfully completed, for example, if the unique C RNTI of thewireless device is detected on the PDCCH (e.g., the PDCCH is scrambledby the C-RNTI). fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314) may be received usinga DL-SCH associated with a TC RNTI, for example, if the TC RNTI iscomprised in the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313) (e.g., if the wirelessdevice is in an RRC idle (e.g., an RRC_IDLE) state or not otherwiseconnected to the base station). The wireless device may determine thatthe contention resolution is successful and/or the wireless device maydetermine that the random access procedure is successfully completed,for example, if a MAC PDU is successfully decoded and a MAC PDUcomprises the wireless device contention resolution identity MAC CE thatmatches or otherwise corresponds with the CCCH SDU sent/transmitted inthird message (e.g., Msg 3 1313).

The wireless device may be configured with an SUL carrier and/or an NULcarrier. An initial access (e.g., random access) may be supported via anuplink carrier. A base station may configure the wireless device withmultiple RACH configurations (e.g., two separate RACH configurationscomprising: one for an SUL carrier and the other for an NUL carrier).For random access in a cell configured with an SUL carrier, the networkmay indicate which carrier to use (NUL or SUL). The wireless device maydetermine to use the SUL carrier, for example, if a measured quality ofone or more reference signals (e.g., one or more reference signalsassociated with the NUL carrier) is lower than a broadcast threshold.Uplink transmissions of the random access procedure (e.g., the firstmessage (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313))may remain on, or may be performed via, the selected carrier. Thewireless device may switch an uplink carrier during the random accessprocedure (e.g., between the Msg 1 1311 and the Msg 3 1313). Thewireless device may determine and/or switch an uplink carrier for thefirst message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or the third message (e.g., Msg 31313), for example, based on a channel clear assessment (e.g., alisten-before-talk).

FIG. 13B shows a two-step random access procedure. The two-step randomaccess procedure may comprise a two-step contention-free random accessprocedure. Similar to the four-step contention-based random accessprocedure, a base station may, prior to initiation of the procedure,send/transmit a configuration message 1320 to the wireless device. Theconfiguration message 1320 may be analogous in some respects to theconfiguration message 1310. The procedure shown in FIG. 13B may comprisetransmissions of two messages: a first message (e.g., Msg 1 1321) and asecond message (e.g., Msg 2 1322). The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1321)and the second message (e.g., Msg 2 1322) may be analogous in somerespects to the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and a second message(e.g., Msg 2 1312), respectively. The two-step contention-free randomaccess procedure may not comprise messages analogous to the thirdmessage (e.g., Msg 3 1313) and/or the fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314).

The two-step (e.g., contention-free) random access procedure may beconfigured/initiated for a beam failure recovery, other SI request, anSCell addition, and/or a handover. A base station may indicate, orassign to, the wireless device a preamble to be used for the firstmessage (e.g., Msg 1 1321). The wireless device may receive, from thebase station via a PDCCH and/or an RRC, an indication of the preamble(e.g., ra-PreambleIndex).

The wireless device may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) tomonitor a PDCCH for the RAR, for example, after or in response tosending/transmitting the preamble. The base station may configure thewireless device with one or more beam failure recovery parameters, suchas a separate time window and/or a separate PDCCH in a search spaceindicated by an RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The basestation may configure the one or more beam failure recovery parameters,for example, in association with a beam failure recovery request. Theseparate time window for monitoring the PDCCH and/or an RAR may beconfigured to start after transmitting a beam failure recovery request(e.g., the window may start any quantity of symbols and/or slots aftertransmitting the beam failure recovery request). The wireless device maymonitor for a PDCCH transmission addressed to a Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) onthe search space. During the two-step (e.g., contention-free) randomaccess procedure, the wireless device may determine that a random accessprocedure is successful, for example, after or in response totransmitting first message (e.g., Msg 1 1321) and receiving acorresponding second message (e.g., Msg 2 1322). The wireless device maydetermine that a random access procedure has successfully beencompleted, for example, if a PDCCH transmission is addressed to acorresponding C-RNTI. The wireless device may determine that a randomaccess procedure has successfully been completed, for example, if thewireless device receives an RAR comprising a preamble identifiercorresponding to a preamble sent/transmitted by the wireless deviceand/or the RAR comprises a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier. Thewireless device may determine the response as an indication of anacknowledgement for an SI request.

FIG. 13C shows an example two-step random access procedure. Similar tothe random access procedures shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a base stationmay, prior to initiation of the procedure, send/transmit a configurationmessage 1330 to the wireless device. The configuration message 1330 maybe analogous in some respects to the configuration message 1310 and/orthe configuration message 1320. The procedure shown in FIG. 13C maycomprise transmissions of multiple messages (e.g., two messagescomprising: a first message (e.g., Msg A 1331) and a second message(e.g., Msg B 1332)).

Msg A 1320 may be sent/transmitted in an uplink transmission by thewireless device. Msg A 1320 may comprise one or more transmissions of apreamble 1341 and/or one or more transmissions of a transport block1342. The transport block 1342 may comprise contents that are similarand/or equivalent to the contents of the third message (e.g., Msg 31313) (e.g., shown in FIG. 13A). The transport block 1342 may compriseUCI (e.g., an SR, a HARQ ACK/NACK, and/or the like). The wireless devicemay receive the second message (e.g., Msg B 1332), for example, after orin response to transmitting the first message (e.g., Msg A 1331). Thesecond message (e.g., Msg B 1332) may comprise contents that are similarand/or equivalent to the contents of the second message (e.g., Msg 21312) (e.g., an RAR shown in FIGS. 13A), the contents of the secondmessage (e.g., Msg 2 1322) (e.g., an RAR shown in FIG. 13B) and/or thefourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314) (e.g., shown in FIG. 13A).

The wireless device may start/initiate the two-step random accessprocedure (e.g., the two-step random access procedure shown in FIG. 13C)for a licensed spectrum and/or an unlicensed spectrum. The wirelessdevice may determine, based on one or more factors, whether tostart/initiate the two-step random access procedure. The one or morefactors may comprise at least one of: a radio access technology in use(e.g., LTE, NR, and/or the like); whether the wireless device has avalid TA or not; a cell size; the RRC state of the wireless device; atype of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and/or any othersuitable factors.

The wireless device may determine, based on two-step RACH parameterscomprised in the configuration message 1330, a radio resource and/or anuplink transmit power for the preamble 1341 and/or the transport block1342 (e.g., comprised in the first message (e.g., Msg A 1331)). The RACHparameters may indicate an MCS, a time-frequency resource, and/or apower control for the preamble 1341 and/or the transport block 1342. Atime-frequency resource for transmission of the preamble 1341 (e.g., aPRACH) and a time-frequency resource for transmission of the transportblock 1342 (e.g., a PUSCH) may be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and/orCDM. The RACH parameters may enable the wireless device to determine areception timing and a downlink channel for monitoring for and/orreceiving second message (e.g., Msg B 1332).

The transport block 1342 may comprise data (e.g., delay-sensitive data),an identifier of the wireless device, security information, and/ordevice information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity(IMSI)). The base station may send/transmit the second message (e.g.,Msg B 1332) as a response to the first message (e.g., Msg A 1331). Thesecond message (e.g., Msg B 1332) may comprise at least one of: apreamble identifier; a timing advance command; a power control command;an uplink grant (e.g., a radio resource assignment and/or an MCS); awireless device identifier (e.g., a UE identifier for contentionresolution); and/or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or a TC-RNTI). The wirelessdevice may determine that the two-step random access procedure issuccessfully completed, for example, if a preamble identifier in thesecond message (e.g., Msg B 1332) corresponds to, or is matched to, apreamble sent/transmitted by the wireless device and/or the identifierof the wireless device in second message (e.g., Msg B 1332) correspondsto, or is matched to, the identifier of the wireless device in the firstmessage (e.g., Msg A 1331) (e.g., the transport block 1342).

A wireless device and a base station may exchange control signaling(e.g., control information). The control signaling may be referred to asL1/L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g.,layer 1) and/or the MAC layer (e.g., layer 2) of the wireless device orthe base station. The control signaling may comprise downlink controlsignaling sent/transmitted from the base station to the wireless deviceand/or uplink control signaling sent/transmitted from the wirelessdevice to the base station.

The downlink control signaling may comprise at least one of: a downlinkscheduling assignment; an uplink scheduling grant indicating uplinkradio resources and/or a transport format; slot format information; apreemption indication; a power control command; and/or any othersuitable signaling. The wireless device may receive the downlink controlsignaling in a payload sent/transmitted by the base station via a PDCCH.The payload sent/transmitted via the PDCCH may be referred to asdownlink control information (DCI). The PDCCH may be a group commonPDCCH (GC-PDCCH) that is common to a group of wireless devices. TheGC-PDCCH may be scrambled by a group common RNTI.

A base station may attach one or more cyclic redundancy check (CRC)parity bits to DCI, for example, in order to facilitate detection oftransmission errors. The base station may scramble the CRC parity bitswith an identifier of a wireless device (or an identifier of a group ofwireless devices), for example, if the DCI is intended for the wirelessdevice (or the group of the wireless devices). Scrambling the CRC paritybits with the identifier may comprise Modulo-2 addition (or anexclusive-OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits.The identifier may comprise a 16-bit value of an RNTI.

DCIs may be used for different purposes. A purpose may be indicated bythe type of an RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. DCI having CRCparity bits scrambled with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) may indicate paginginformation and/or a system information change notification. The P-RNTImay be predefined as “FFFE” in hexadecimal. DCI having CRC parity bitsscrambled with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) may indicate abroadcast transmission of the system information. The SI-RNTI may bepredefined as “FFFF” in hexadecimal. DCI having CRC parity bitsscrambled with a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) may indicate a randomaccess response (RAR). DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a cellRNTI (C-RNTI) may indicate a dynamically scheduled unicast transmissionand/or a triggering of PDCCH-ordered random access. DCI having CRCparity bits scrambled with a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) may indicatea contention resolution (e.g., a Msg 3 analogous to the Msg 3 1313 shownin FIG. 13A). Other RNTIs configured for a wireless device by a basestation may comprise a Configured Scheduling RNTI (CS RNTI), a TransmitPower Control-PUCCH RNTI (TPC PUCCH-RNTI), a Transmit PowerControl-PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), a Transmit Power Control-SRS RNTI(TPC-SRS-RNTI), an Interruption RNTI (INT-RNTI), a Slot FormatIndication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), a Semi-Persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), aModulation and Coding Scheme Cell RNTI (MCS-C RNTI), and/or the like.

A base station may send/transmit DCIs with one or more DCI formats, forexample, depending on the purpose and/or content of the DCIs. DCI format0_0 may be used for scheduling of a PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_0 maybe a fallback DCI format (e.g., with compact DCI payloads). DCI format0_1 may be used for scheduling of a PUSCH in a cell (e.g., with more DCIpayloads than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 may be used for schedulingof a PDSCH in a cell. DCI format 1_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g.,with compact DCI payloads). DCI format 1_1 may be used for scheduling ofa PDSCH in a cell (e.g., with more DCI payloads than DCI format 1_0).DCI format 2_0 may be used for providing a slot format indication to agroup of wireless devices. DCI format 2_1 may be used forinforming/notifying a group of wireless devices of a physical resourceblock and/or an OFDM symbol where the group of wireless devices mayassume no transmission is intended to the group of wireless devices. DCIformat 2_2 may be used for transmission of a transmit power control(TPC) command for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI format 2_3 may be used fortransmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissions by one ormore wireless devices. DCI format(s) for new functions may be defined infuture releases. DCI formats may have different DCI sizes, or may sharethe same DCI size.

The base station may process the DCI with channel coding (e.g., polarcoding), rate matching, scrambling and/or QPSK modulation, for example,after scrambling the DCI with an RNTI. A base station may map the codedand modulated DCI on resource elements used and/or configured for aPDCCH. The base station may send/transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupyinga number of contiguous control channel elements (CCEs), for example,based on a payload size of the DCI and/or a coverage of the basestation. The number of the contiguous CCEs (referred to as aggregationlevel) may be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and/or any other suitable number. A CCEmay comprise a number (e.g., 6) of resource-element groups (REGs). A REGmay comprise a resource block in an OFDM symbol. The mapping of thecoded and modulated DCI on the resource elements may be based on mappingof CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE-to-REG mapping).

FIG. 14A shows an example of CORESET configurations. The CORESETconfigurations may be for a bandwidth part or any other frequency bands.The base station may send/transmit DCI via a PDCCH on one or morecontrol resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may comprise atime-frequency resource in which the wireless device attempts/tries todecode DCI using one or more search spaces. The base station mayconfigure a size and a location of the CORESET in the time-frequencydomain. A first CORESET 1401 and a second CORESET 1402 may occur or maybe set/configured at the first symbol in a slot. The first CORESET 1401may overlap with the second CORESET 1402 in the frequency domain. Athird CORESET 1403 may occur or may be set/configured at a third symbolin the slot. A fourth CORESET 1404 may occur or may be set/configured atthe seventh symbol in the slot. CORESETs may have a different number ofresource blocks in frequency domain.

FIG. 14B shows an example of a CCE-to-REG mapping. The CCE-to-REGmapping may be performed for DCI transmission via a CORESET and PDCCHprocessing. The CCE-to-REG mapping may be an interleaved mapping (e.g.,for the purpose of providing frequency diversity) or a non-interleavedmapping (e.g., for the purposes of facilitating interferencecoordination and/or frequency-selective transmission of controlchannels). The base station may perform different or same CCE-to-REGmapping on different CORESETs. A CORESET may be associated with aCCE-to-REG mapping (e.g., by an RRC configuration). A CORESET may beconfigured with an antenna port QCL parameter. The antenna port QCLparameter may indicate QCL information of a DM-RS for a PDCCH receptionvia the CORESET.

The base station may send/transmit, to the wireless device, one or moreRRC messages comprising configuration parameters of one or more CORESETsand one or more search space sets. The configuration parameters mayindicate an association between a search space set and a CORESET. Asearch space set may comprise a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs(e.g., at a given aggregation level). The configuration parameters mayindicate at least one of: a number of PDCCH candidates to be monitoredper aggregation level; a PDCCH monitoring periodicity and a PDCCHmonitoring pattern; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by thewireless device; and/or whether a search space set is a common searchspace set or a wireless device-specific search space set (e.g., aUE-specific search space set). A set of CCEs in the common search spaceset may be predefined and known to the wireless device. A set of CCEs inthe wireless device-specific search space set (e.g., the UE-specificsearch space set) may be configured, for example, based on the identityof the wireless device (e.g., C-RNTI).

As shown in FIG. 14B, the wireless device may determine a time-frequencyresource for a CORESET based on one or more RRC messages. The wirelessdevice may determine a CCE-to-REG mapping (e.g., interleaved ornon-interleaved, and/or mapping parameters) for the CORESET, forexample, based on configuration parameters of the CORESET. The wirelessdevice may determine a number (e.g., at most 10) of search space setsconfigured on/for the CORESET, for example, based on the one or more RRCmessages. The wireless device may monitor a set of PDCCH candidatesaccording to configuration parameters of a search space set. Thewireless device may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or moreCORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may comprisedecoding one or more PDCCH candidates of the set of the PDCCH candidatesaccording to the monitored DCI formats. Monitoring may comprise decodingDCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates with possible (orconfigured) PDCCH locations, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats(e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in commonsearch spaces, and/or the number of PDCCH candidates in the wirelessdevice-specific search spaces) and possible (or configured) DCI formats.The decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The wireless devicemay determine DCI as valid for the wireless device, for example, afteror in response to CRC checking (e.g., scrambled bits for CRC parity bitsof the DCI matching an RNTI value). The wireless device may processinformation comprised in the DCI (e.g., a scheduling assignment, anuplink grant, power control, a slot format indication, a downlinkpreemption, and/or the like).

The may send/transmit uplink control signaling (e.g., UCI) to a basestation. The uplink control signaling may comprise HARQ acknowledgementsfor received DL-SCH transport blocks. The wireless device maysend/transmit the HARQ acknowledgements, for example, after or inresponse to receiving a DL-SCH transport block. Uplink control signalingmay comprise CSI indicating a channel quality of a physical downlinkchannel. The wireless device may send/transmit the CSI to the basestation. The base station, based on the received CSI, may determinetransmission format parameters (e.g., comprising multi-antenna andbeamforming schemes) for downlink transmission(s). Uplink controlsignaling may comprise scheduling requests (SR). The wireless device maysend/transmit an SR indicating that uplink data is available fortransmission to the base station. The wireless device may send/transmitUCI (e.g., HARQ acknowledgements (HARQ-ACK), CSI report, SR, and thelike) via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. The wireless device may send/transmit theuplink control signaling via a PUCCH using one of several PUCCH formats.

There may be multiple PUCCH formats (e.g., five PUCCH formats). Awireless device may determine a PUCCH format, for example, based on asize of UCI (e.g., a quantity/number of uplink symbols of UCItransmission and a number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 may have a lengthof one or two OFDM symbols and may comprise two or fewer bits. Thewireless device may send/transmit UCI via a PUCCH resource, for example,using PUCCH format 0 if the transmission is over/via one or two symbolsand the quantity/number of HARQ-ACK information bits with positive ornegative SR (HARQ-ACK/SR bits) is one or two. PUCCH format 1 may occupya number of OFDM symbols (e.g., between four and fourteen OFDM symbols)and may comprise two or fewer bits. The wireless device may use PUCCHformat 1, for example, if the transmission is over/via four or moresymbols and the number of HARQ-ACK/SR bits is one or two. PUCCH format 2may occupy one or two OFDM symbols and may comprise more than two bits.The wireless device may use PUCCH format 2, for example, if thetransmission is over/via one or two symbols and the quantity/number ofUCI bits is two or more. PUCCH format 3 may occupy a number of OFDMsymbols (e.g., between four and fourteen OFDM symbols) and may comprisemore than two bits. The wireless device may use PUCCH format 3, forexample, if the transmission is four or more symbols, thequantity/number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resource doesnot comprise an orthogonal cover code (OCC). PUCCH format 4 may occupy anumber of OFDM symbols (e.g., between four and fourteen OFDM symbols)and may comprise more than two bits. The wireless device may use PUCCHformat 4, for example, if the transmission is four or more symbols, thequantity/number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resourcecomprises an OCC.

The base station may send/transmit configuration parameters to thewireless device for a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, for example,using an RRC message. The plurality of PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up tofour sets in NR, or up to any other quantity of sets in other systems)may be configured on an uplink BWP of a cell. A PUCCH resource set maybe configured with a PUCCH resource set index, a plurality of PUCCHresources with a PUCCH resource being identified by a PUCCH resourceidentifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid), and/or a number (e.g. a maximumnumber) of UCI information bits the wireless device may send/transmitusing one of the plurality of PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set.The wireless device may select one of the plurality of PUCCH resourcesets, for example, based on a total bit length of the UCI informationbits (e.g., HARQ-ACK, SR, and/or CSI) if configured with a plurality ofPUCCH resource sets. The wireless device may select a first PUCCHresource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “0,” forexample, if the total bit length of UCI information bits is two orfewer. The wireless device may select a second PUCCH resource set havinga PUCCH resource set index equal to “1,” for example, if the total bitlength of UCI information bits is greater than two and less than orequal to a first configured value. The wireless device may select athird PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “2,”for example, if the total bit length of UCI information bits is greaterthan the first configured value and less than or equal to a secondconfigured value. The wireless device may select a fourth PUCCH resourceset having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “3,” for example, if thetotal bit length of UCI information bits is greater than the secondconfigured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1406,1706, or any other quantity of bits).

The wireless device may determine a PUCCH resource from the PUCCHresource set for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and/or SR) transmission, forexample, after determining a PUCCH resource set from a plurality ofPUCCH resource sets. The wireless device may determine the PUCCHresource, for example, based on a PUCCH resource indicator in DCI (e.g.,with DCI format 1_0 or DCI for 1_1) received on/via a PDCCH. An n-bit(e.g., a three-bit) PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI may indicate oneof multiple (e.g., eight) PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Thewireless device may send/transmit the UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI and/or SR)using a PUCCH resource indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in theDCI, for example, based on the PUCCH resource indicator.

FIG. 15A shows an example communications between a wireless device and abase station. A wireless device 1502 and a base station 1504 may be partof a communication network, such as the communication network 100 shownin FIG. 1A, the communication network 150 shown in FIG. 1B, or any othercommunication network. A communication network may comprise more thanone wireless device and/or more than one base station, withsubstantially the same or similar configurations as those shown in FIG.15A.

The base station 1504 may connect the wireless device 1502 to a corenetwork (not shown) via radio communications over the air interface (orradio interface) 1506. The communication direction from the base station1504 to the wireless device 1502 over the air interface 1506 may bereferred to as the downlink. The communication direction from thewireless device 1502 to the base station 1504 over the air interface maybe referred to as the uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separatedfrom uplink transmissions, for example, using various duplex schemes(e.g., FDD, TDD, and/or some combination of the duplexing techniques).

For the downlink, data to be sent to the wireless device 1502 from thebase station 1504 may be provided/transferred/sent to the processingsystem 1508 of the base station 1504. The data may beprovided/transferred/sent to the processing system 1508 by, for example,a core network. For the uplink, data to be sent to the base station 1504from the wireless device 1502 may be provided/transferred/sent to theprocessing system 1518 of the wireless device 1502. The processingsystem 1508 and the processing system 1518 may implement layer 3 andlayer 2 OSI functionality to process the data for transmission. Layer 2may comprise an SDAP layer, a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, and a MAC layer,for example, described with respect to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3 , andFIG. 4A. Layer 3 may comprise an RRC layer, for example, described withrespect to FIG. 2B.

The data to be sent to the wireless device 1502 may beprovided/transferred/sent to a transmission processing system 1510 ofbase station 1504, for example, after being processed by the processingsystem 1508. The data to be sent to base station 1504 may beprovided/transferred/sent to a transmission processing system 1520 ofthe wireless device 1502, for example, after being processed by theprocessing system 1518. The transmission processing system 1510 and thetransmission processing system 1520 may implement layer 1 OSIfunctionality. Layer 1 may comprise a PHY layer, for example, describedwith respect to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4A. For transmitprocessing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, forward errorcorrection coding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching,mapping of transport channels to physical channels, modulation ofphysical channel, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-antennaprocessing, and/or the like.

A reception processing system 1512 of the base station 1504 may receivethe uplink transmission from the wireless device 1502. The receptionprocessing system 1512 of the base station 1504 may comprise one or moreTRPs. A reception processing system 1522 of the wireless device 1502 mayreceive the downlink transmission from the base station 1504. Thereception processing system 1522 of the wireless device 1502 maycomprise one or more antenna panels. The reception processing system1512 and the reception processing system 1522 may implement layer 1 OSIfunctionality. Layer 1 may include a PHY layer, for example, describedwith respect to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4A. For receiveprocessing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, error detection,forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping oftransport channels to physical channels, demodulation of physicalchannels, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, and/or the like.

The base station 1504 may comprise multiple antennas (e.g., multipleantenna panels, multiple TRPs, etc.). The wireless device 1502 maycomprise multiple antennas (e.g., multiple antenna panels, etc.). Themultiple antennas may be used to perform one or more MIMO ormulti-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g.,single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit/receive diversity, and/orbeamforming. The wireless device 1502 and/or the base station 1504 mayhave a single antenna.

The processing system 1508 and the processing system 1518 may beassociated with a memory 1514 and a memory 1524, respectively. Memory1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer readablemediums) may store computer program instructions or code that may beexecuted by the processing system 1508 and/or the processing system1518, respectively, to carry out one or more of the functionalities(e.g., one or more functionalities described herein and otherfunctionalities of general computers, processors, memories, and/or otherperipherals). The transmission processing system 1510 and/or thereception processing system 1512 may be coupled to the memory 1514and/or another memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computerreadable mediums) storing computer program instructions or code that maybe executed to carry out one or more of their respectivefunctionalities. The transmission processing system 1520 and/or thereception processing system 1522 may be coupled to the memory 1524and/or another memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computerreadable mediums) storing computer program instructions or code that maybe executed to carry out one or more of their respectivefunctionalities.

The processing system 1508 and/or the processing system 1518 maycomprise one or more controllers and/or one or more processors. The oneor more controllers and/or one or more processors may comprise, forexample, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP),a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), afield programmable gate array (FPGA) and/or other programmable logicdevice, discrete gate and/or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, an on-board unit, or any combination thereof. The processingsystem 1508 and/or the processing system 1518 may perform at least oneof signal coding/processing, data processing, power control,input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that may enablethe wireless device 1502 and/or the base station 1504 to operate in awireless environment.

The processing system 1508 may be connected to one or more peripherals1516. The processing system 1518 may be connected to one or moreperipherals 1526. The one or more peripherals 1516 and the one or moreperipherals 1526 may comprise software and/or hardware that providefeatures and/or functionalities, for example, a speaker, a microphone, akeypad, a display, a touchpad, a power source, a satellite transceiver,a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequencymodulated (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, anelectronic control unit (e.g., for a motor vehicle), and/or one or moresensors (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, aradar sensor, a lidar sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, acamera, and/or the like). The processing system 1508 and/or theprocessing system 1518 may receive input data (e.g., user input data)from, and/or provide output data (e.g., user output data) to, the one ormore peripherals 1516 and/or the one or more peripherals 1526. Theprocessing system 1518 in the wireless device 1502 may receive powerfrom a power source and/or may be configured to distribute the power tothe other components in the wireless device 1502. The power source maycomprise one or more sources of power, for example, a battery, a solarcell, a fuel cell, or any combination thereof. The processing system1508 may be connected to a Global Positioning System (GPS) chipset 1517.The processing system 1518 may be connected to a Global PositioningSystem (GPS) chipset 1527. The GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527may be configured to determine and provide geographic locationinformation of the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504,respectively.

FIG. 15B shows example elements of a computing device that may be usedto implement any of the various devices described herein, including, forexample, the base station 160A, 160B, 162A, 162B, 220, and/or 1504, thewireless device 106, 156A, 156B, 210, and/or 1502, or any other basestation, wireless device, AMF, UPF, network device, or computing devicedescribed herein. The computing device 1530 may include one or moreprocessors 1531, which may execute instructions stored in therandom-access memory (RAM) 1533, the removable media 1534 (such as aUniversal Serial Bus (USB) drive, compact disk (CD) or digital versatiledisk (DVD), or floppy disk drive), or any other desired storage medium.Instructions may also be stored in an attached (or internal) hard drive1535. The computing device 1530 may also include a security processor(not shown), which may execute instructions of one or more computerprograms to monitor the processes executing on the processor 1531 andany process that requests access to any hardware and/or softwarecomponents of the computing device 1530 (e.g., ROM 1532, RAM 1533, theremovable media 1534, the hard drive 1535, the device controller 1537, anetwork interface 1539, a GPS 1541, a Bluetooth interface 1542, a WiFiinterface 1543, etc.). The computing device 1530 may include one or moreoutput devices, such as the display 1536 (e.g., a screen, a displaydevice, a monitor, a television, etc.), and may include one or moreoutput device controllers 1537, such as a video processor. There mayalso be one or more user input devices 1538, such as a remote control,keyboard, mouse, touch screen, microphone, etc. The computing device1530 may also include one or more network interfaces, such as a networkinterface 1539, which may be a wired interface, a wireless interface, ora combination of the two. The network interface 1539 may provide aninterface for the computing device 1530 to communicate with a network1540 (e.g., a RAN, or any other network). The network interface 1539 mayinclude a modem (e.g., a cable modem), and the external network 1540 mayinclude communication links, an external network, an in-home network, aprovider's wireless, coaxial, fiber, or hybrid fiber/coaxialdistribution system (e.g., a DOCSIS network), or any other desirednetwork. Additionally, the computing device 1530 may include alocation-detecting device, such as a global positioning system (GPS)microprocessor 1541, which may be configured to receive and processglobal positioning signals and determine, with possible assistance froman external server and antenna, a geographic position of the computingdevice 1530.

The example in FIG. 15B may be a hardware configuration, although thecomponents shown may be implemented as software as well. Modificationsmay be made to add, remove, combine, divide, etc. components of thecomputing device 1530 as desired. Additionally, the components may beimplemented using basic computing devices and components, and the samecomponents (e.g., processor 1531, ROM storage 1532, display 1536, etc.)may be used to implement any of the other computing devices andcomponents described herein. For example, the various componentsdescribed herein may be implemented using computing devices havingcomponents such as a processor executing computer-executableinstructions stored on a computer-readable medium, as shown in FIG. 15B.Some or all of the entities described herein may be software based, andmay co-exist in a common physical platform (e.g., a requesting entitymay be a separate software process and program from a dependent entity,both of which may be executed as software on a common computing device).

FIG. 16A shows an example structure for uplink transmission. Processingof a baseband signal representing a physical uplink shared channel maycomprise/perform one or more functions. The one or more functions maycomprise at least one of: scrambling; modulation of scrambled bits togenerate complex-valued symbols; mapping of the complex-valuedmodulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; transformprecoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of thecomplex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols toresource elements; generation of complex-valued time-domain SingleCarrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), CP-OFDM signal foran antenna port, or any other signals; and/or the like. An SC-FDMAsignal for uplink transmission may be generated, for example, iftransform precoding is enabled. A CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmissionmay be generated, for example, if transform precoding is not enabled(e.g., as shown in FIG. 16A). These functions are examples and othermechanisms for uplink transmission may be implemented.

FIG. 16B shows an example structure for modulation and up-conversion ofa baseband signal to a carrier frequency. The baseband signal may be acomplex-valued SC-FDMA, CP-OFDM baseband signal (or any other basebandsignals) for an antenna port and/or a complex-valued Physical RandomAccess Channel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering may beperformed/employed, for example, prior to transmission.

FIG. 16C shows an example structure for downlink transmissions.Processing of a baseband signal representing a physical downlink channelmay comprise/perform one or more functions. The one or more functionsmay comprise: scrambling of coded bits in a codeword to besent/transmitted on/via a physical channel; modulation of scrambled bitsto generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping of thecomplex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmissionlayers; precoding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on a layerfor transmission on the antenna ports; mapping of complex-valuedmodulation symbols for an antenna port to resource elements; generationof complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for an antenna port; and/orthe like. These functions are examples and other mechanisms for downlinktransmission may be implemented.

FIG. 16D shows an example structure for modulation and up-conversion ofa baseband signal to a carrier frequency. The baseband signal may be acomplex-valued OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port or any othersignal. Filtering may be performed/employed, for example, prior totransmission.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, one or more messages(e.g. RRC messages) comprising configuration parameters of a pluralityof cells (e.g., a primary cell, one or more secondary cells). Thewireless device may communicate with at least one base station (e.g.,two or more base stations in dual-connectivity) via the plurality ofcells. The one or more messages (e.g. as a part of the configurationparameters) may comprise parameters of PHY, MAC, RLC, PCDP, SDAP, RRClayers for configuring the wireless device. The configuration parametersmay comprise parameters for configuring PHY and MAC layer channels,bearers, etc. The configuration parameters may comprise parametersindicating values of timers for PHY, MAC, RLC, PCDP, SDAP, RRC layers,and/or communication channels.

A timer may begin running, for example, once it is started and continuerunning until it is stopped or until it expires. A timer may be started,for example, if it is not running or restarted if it is running A timermay be associated with a value (e.g., the timer may be started orrestarted from a value or may be started from zero and expire once itreaches the value). The duration of a timer may not be updated, forexample, until the timer is stopped or expires (e.g., due to BWPswitching). A timer may be used to measure a time period/window for aprocess. With respect to an implementation and/or procedure related toone or more timers or other parameters, it will be understood that theremay be multiple ways to implement the one or more timers or otherparameters. One or more of the multiple ways to implement a timer may beused to measure a time period/window for the procedure. A random accessresponse window timer may be used for measuring a window of time forreceiving a random access response. The time difference between two timestamps may be used, for example, instead of starting a random accessresponse window timer and determine the expiration of the timer. Aprocess for measuring a time window may be restarted, for example, if atimer is restarted. Other example implementations may beconfigured/provided to restart a measurement of a time window.

A base station may initiate a random access procedure for a cell (e.g.,PCell, SCell). The base station may initiate the random access procedureby sending/transmitting a message (e.g., an order) to a wireless device.The order may request transmission of a random access preamble by thewireless device. The order may be sent via a downlink channel (e.g., aPDCCH). An order sent via a PDCCH may be referred as a PDCCH order.While the message for initiating the random access procedure is referredto herein as a PDCCH order, it may be understood that other messages maybe used by the base station for initiating the random access procedurein various examples described herein.

The wireless device may receive (e.g., from a base station), a PDCCHorder for initiating the random access procedure for the cell. Therandom access procedure may be a contention-free random access procedureor a contention-based random access procedure. The wireless device mayreceive the PDCCH order via a CORESET of the cell.

The base station may configure (e.g., via RRC messaging) the CORESETwith a TCI state. The TCI state may indicate a downlink reference signal(e.g., CSI-RS, SSB) associated with a downlink beam. The base stationmay activate (e.g., by sending a MAC CE) the CORESET with the TCI stateindicating the downlink reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB). Thewireless device may receive a downlink signal (e.g., DCI, PDCCHtransmission, a PDCCH order) via the CORESET based on the downlinkreference signal (e.g., via the downlink beam). DM-RS ports of thedownlink signal (e.g., DCI, PDCCH transmission, PDCCH order) receivedvia the CORESET may be quasi co-located with the downlink referencesignal.

The wireless device may send/transmit a random access preamble (e.g.,Msg 1 1311, Msg 1 1321, preamble 1341) for the random access procedure,for example, based on the receiving a PDCCH order. The wireless devicemay transmit the random access preamble via a resource indicated by thePDCCH order. The wireless device may transmit the random access preambleusing a transmission power. The wireless device may calculate/determinethe transmission power based on the downlink reference signal indicatedin the TCI state of the CORESET (e.g., via which the PDCCH order isreceived). The wireless device may measure characteristics (e.g., RSRP,SINR) associated with the downlink reference signal to determine apathloss estimate. The wireless device may use the pathloss estimate todetermine the transmission power.

Beam management in a wireless network may comprise determination (e.g.,at a base station, at a wireless device, etc.) of an uplink beam and/ora downlink beam. The wireless device and/or the base station may supportbeam correspondence (e.g., a downlink beam and an uplink beam havesame/substantially similar channel characteristics, or arealigned/substantially aligned). The beam correspondence may enable abase station to determine a downlink beam based on measurementsassociated with uplink reference signals as determined by the basestation. A downlink signal (e.g., DCI, PDCCH transmission, PDCCH order)may be used to trigger a transmission of an uplink reference signal fromthe wireless device. The downlink signal may be sent via a CORESET. ATCI state of the CORESET may indicate an uplink reference signal (e.g.,an SRS) associated with an uplink beam. The wireless device may receivea PDCCH order via the CORESET with the TCI state indicating the uplinkreference signal. The wireless device may send/transmit the uplinkreference signal (e.g., via the uplink beam) to a base station, forexample, based on receiving the PDCCH order. The uplink reference signal(e.g., as transmitted by the wireless device) may be measured at thebase station for channel estimation and/or scheduling purposes. The basestation may support beam correspondence and transmit downlink signalsvia a downlink beam determined/selected based on a measurement of theuplink reference signal at the base station.

In at least some types of wireless communications (e.g., compatible with3GPP Release 16, earlier/later 3GPP releases or generations, and/orother access technology), a downlink signal (e.g., a PDCCH order for arandom access procedure) may be sent via a CORESET associated with anuplink reference signal. The PDCCH order sent via the CORESET associatedwith the uplink reference signal may not be appropriate fordetermination of a transmission power by a wireless device (e.g., fortransmission of a random access preamble). The wireless device may notbe able to measure the uplink reference signal. The wireless device maynot be able to measure the uplink reference signal because the uplinkreference signal orginates from the wireless device itself. The wirelessdevice may be unable to perform power calculation/determination for arandom access preamble transmission, for example, if the wireless devicereceives the PDCCH order via a CORESET with a TCI state indicating anuplink reference signal. Calculating/determining a transmission powerfor the transmission of the random access preamble based on the uplinkreference signal of the CORESET may result in sub-optimal/improper powercontrol. The sub-optimal/improper power control may lead to increasedinterference to other cells and/or to other wireless devices. Thecalculated/determined transmission power may exceed the requiredtransmission power and may result in an inefficient operation. Thesub-optimal/improper power control may lead to a reduced coverage area,which may result in retransmissions of the random access preamble.Retransmissions may increase duration/latency of the random accesspreamble and/or power consumption at the wireless device and/or at thebase station.

An enhanced procedure for calculating/determining a transmission powerfor a transmission (e.g., a random access preamble transmission) isdescribed herein. The enhanced procedure may be used, for example, if awireless device receives a message (e.g., a PDCCH order) via resources(e.g., a CORESET with a TCI state) indicating an uplink reference signal(e.g., rather than a downlink reference signal). The wireless device maydetermine a downlink reference signal to be used for determining atransmission power, in accordance with various examples describedherein, for example, if a wireless device receives the messageindicating an uplink reference signal.

The uplink reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the CORESET(via which the PDCCH order is received) may be associated with (e.g.,may comprise) spatial relation information indicating a downlinkreference signal. The wireless device may calculate/determine atransmission power for a random access preamble based on the downlinkreference signal in the spatial relation information of the uplinkreference signal. Alternatively, a base station may not send/transmit(e.g., may refrain from sending/transmitting) a PDCCH order via aCORESET with a TCI state indicating an uplink reference signal.

The wireless device may select a CORESET among a plurality of CORESETsto determine/calculate the transmission power. The base station mayconfigure/activate the CORESET with a TCI state indicating a downlinkreference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB). The wireless device maycalculate/determine the transmission power based on the downlinkreference signal in the TCI state of the CORESET. The wireless devicemay measure the downlink reference signal for a pathloss estimate in thetransmission power. The wireless device may select a CORESET with alowest (or highest) CORESET indicator/index among CORESETindicators/indices of the plurality of CORESETs of the cell The wirelessdevice may select the CORESET, among the plurality of CORESETs of thecell, associated/linked with (or comprising) a search space set for arandom access procedure (e.g., indicated by higher layer parameterra-searchspace).

The wireless device may select a pathloss reference signal (e.g., apathloss reference RS signal) among one or more pathloss referencesignals (e.g., configured for PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS) to determine/calculatethe transmission power. The wireless device may select a pathlossreference signal with a lowest (or highest) pathloss reference signalindicator/index, among pathloss reference signal indicators/indices ofthe one or more pathloss reference signals. The wireless device may usea downlink reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB, pathloss referencesignal) used in a most recent random access procedure (e.g., prior toreception of a PDCCH order via a CORESET with a TCI state indicating anuplink reference signal) to determine/calculate the transmission power.The wireless device may select a TCI state among one or more TCI states(e.g., activated for PDSCH reception) to determine/calculate thetransmission power. The wireless device may calculate/determine thetransmission power based on a downlink reference signal indicated by theselected TCI state. Example procedures for determination/selection of aCORESET (and/or a TCI state and/or a downlink reference signal) mayenable improved power control signaling, reduced uplinkoverhead/retransmissions and interference, reduced wireless device andbase station battery power consumption, and reduced delay/latency ofrandom access procedure.

FIG. 17 shows an example of a TCI state information element (IE) 1700for downlink beam management. The TCI state information element 1700 maycomprise one or more higher layer parameters as shown. Informationcorresponding to the TCI state information element 1700 may be signaledby a base station, to a wireless device, via RRC messaging.

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or moreCORESETs. The one or more CORESETs may be configured with one or moreTCI states via a higher layer parameter (e.g., PDSCH-Config) for aserving cell (e.g., PCell, SCell). The base station may send, to thewireless device, an RRC message comprising the higher layer parameter(e.g., PDSCH-Config). The wireless device may detect a PDCCHtransmission (e.g., DCI), via a CORESET, for the serving cell. Thewireless device may use the one or more TCI states to decode a PDSCHtransmission scheduled by the PDCCH transmission/DCI. The DCI may beintended for the wireless device and/or the serving cell of the wirelessdevice.

A TCI state of the one or more TCI state may comprise one or moreparameters (e.g., qcl-Type1, qcl-Type2, referenceSignal, etc). The TCIstate may be indicated (e.g., identified) by a TCI state indicator/index(e.g., tci-StateId). The wireless device may use the one or moreparameters in the TCI state to configure one or more quasi co-locationrelationships between at least one downlink reference signal (e.g.,SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS) and DM-RS ports of a PDSCH. A first quasico-location relationship, of the one or more quasi co-locationrelationships, may be configured by a first higher layer parameter(e.g., qcl-Type1) for a first downlink reference signal (e.g., indicatedby the parameter referenceSignal) of the at least one downlink referencesignal. A second quasi co-location relationship, of the one or morequasi co-location relationships, may be configured by a second higherlayer parameter (e.g., qcl-Type2) for a second downlink reference signal(e.g., indicated by the parameter referenceSignal) of the at least onedownlink reference signal (if configured). The wireless device may use adownlink beam indicated by the first downlink reference signal or thesecond downlink reference signal to receive a PDSCH transmission fromthe base station.

At least one quasi co-location type of the at least one downlinkreference signal (e.g., the first downlink reference signal, the seconddownlink reference signal) may be provided to the wireless device by ahigher layer parameter (e.g., qcl-Type in QCL-Info). A first QCL type(e.g., QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB) of a first downlink reference signal of atleast two downlink reference signals and a second QCL type (e.g.,QCL-TypeC, QCL-TypeD) of a second downlink reference signal of the atleast two downlink reference signals may or may not be the same, forexample, if at least two quasi co-location relationships, comprising thefirst QCL type and the second QCL type, between the at least twodownlink reference signals and DM-RS ports of a PDSCH are configured.The first downlink reference signal and the second downlink referencesignal may be the same. The first downlink reference signal and thesecond downlink reference signal may be different.

FIGS. 18A and 18B show examples of beam management for transmissionsbetween a base station 1804 and a wireless device 1808. The base station1804 may send/transmit, to the wireless device 1808, a PDCCHtransmission, for example, to determine a downlink beam to be used forsubsequent downlink transmissions.

FIG. 18A shows an example beam management based on beam reporting fromthe wireless device 1808. The base station 1804 may send/transmit aPDCCH transmission 1812 (e.g., DCI) via a CORESET that is associatedwith a downlink reference signal. The downlink reference signal may beassociated with a downlink beam. The CORESET may be associated (e.g.,configured) with a TCI state indicating the downlink reference signal.The downlink reference signal may correspond to a CSI-RS. The basestation 1816 may send/transmit a CSI-RS 1816 via the downlink beam. Thewireless device 1808 may determine/measure a signal quality (e.g., anRSRP, a pathloss measurement) of the received CSI-RS 1816 to determine aquality of the downlink beam. The wireless device 1820 maysend/transmit, to the base station 1804, a beam report 1820 indicatingmeasurements associated with the received CSI-RS 1816. The wirelessdevice 1808 and the base station 1804 may exchange one or more messagescorresponding to one or more downlink reference signals (e.g.,associated with different beams) to determine signal qualititiesassociated with the one or more downlink reference signals. The basestation 1804 may select a downlink beam based on the determined signalqualitites. The base station 1804 may select, for a downlinktransmission 1824, a downlink beam that corresponds to a best receivedquality at the wireless device 1808. The downlink transmission 1824 maycomprise a PDCCH transmission and/or a PDSCH transmission.

Signaling overhead for beam management may be reduced if beamcorrespondence between a downlink beam and an uplink beam is present.FIG. 18B shows an example beam management based on a reference signalsent by the wireless device 1808. The base station 1804 maysend/transmit a PDCCH transmission 1850 (e.g., DCI) via a CORESET thatis associated with an uplink reference signal (e.g., an SRS). The uplinkreference signal may be associated with an uplink beam. The CORESET maybe associated (e.g., configured) with a TCI state indicating the uplinkreference signal. The wireless device 1808 may send/transmit, to thebase station 1804, an SRS 1854, for example, based on receiving thePDCCH transmission 1850. The SRS 1854 may be sent via the uplink beam.The base station 1804 may determine/measure a signal quality (e.g., anRSRP, a pathloss measurement) of the received SRS 1854 to determine aquality of the uplink beam. The wireless device 1808 and the basestation 1804 may exchange one or more messages corresponding to one ormore uplink reference signals (e.g., associated with different beams) todetermine signal qualitities associated with the one or more uplinkreference signals. The base station 1804 may select an uplink beam basedon the determined signal qualitites that corresponds to a best receivedquality at the base station 1804. The base station 1804 may determine adownlink beam corresponding to the selected uplink beam for the downlinktransmission 1858. The downlink transmission 1858 may comprise a PDCCHtransmission and/or a PDSCH transmission.

As shown in FIG. 18B, the base station 1804 may directly determinedownlink beam based on uplink SRS transmissions from the wireless device1808. The wireless device 1808 need not transmit a beam report to thebase station 1804 indicating measurements associated with a downlinkreference signal (e.g., as shown in FIG. 18A). Enabling SRStransmissions for beam management reduces signaling overhead in thewireless network, reduces power consumption at the wireless device 1808(e.g., the wireless device 1808 need not measure downlink referencesignals and determine a beam report as shown in FIG. 18A), and/orreduces power consumption at the bease station 1804 (e.g., the basestation 1804 need not transmit a CSI-RS as shown in FIG. 18A).

As described with reference to FIG. 18B, there may be scenarios in whichit may be advantageous for a base station to send a PDCCH transmissionvia a CORESET that is associated with an uplink reference signal (e.g.,SRS). As described herein, a PDCCH transmission (e.g., a PDCCH order)triggering a transmission of a random access preamble in a random accessprocedure may require the wireless device to measure a downlinkreference signal associated with a CORESET (via which the PDCCH order istransmitted). Various examples described herein facilitate a use of aCORESET that is associated with an uplink reference signal fortransmission of a PDCCH order to initiate a random access procedure.Various examples described herein enable the wireless device todetermine a transmission power for a random access preamble even if thePDCCH order (triggering the random access preamble) is via a CORESETthat is associated with an uplink reference signal.

FIG. 19 shows an example random access procedure. A base station 1904may configure one or more CORESETs with associated reference signals. Awireless device 1908 may use the configured CORESETs to receive downlinktransmission(s) from the base station 1904. The downlink transmissionsmay comprise PDCCH transmissions (e.g., DCIs, PDCCH orders, etc.). Thewireless device 1908 may send/transmit a random access preamble based onreceiving a PDCCH transmission (e.g., a PDCCH order initiating a randomaccess procedure). The base station 1904 may determine to send the PDCCHorder via a CORESET that is associated with a downlink reference signal.The base station 1904 may determine to send the PDCCH order via aCORESET, for example, only if the CORESET is associated with a downlinkreference signal. The wireless device 1908 may use the downlinkreference signal for determining a transmission power of the randomaccess preamble based on receiving the PDCCH order via the CORESET thatis associated with the downlink reference signal.

The wireless device 1908 may receive one or more messages. The wirelessdevice 1908 may receive the one or more messages from the base station1904. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configurationparameters. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise PRACHtransmission parameters (e.g., PRACH preamble format, time resources,and/or frequency resources for a PRACH transmission). The one or moreconfiguration parameters may be for a cell (e.g., cell 1900). The PRACHtransmission parameters may be (e.g., configured/indicated) for a PRACHtransmission via/of the cell 1900. The PRACH transmission parameters maybe (e.g., configured/indicated) for a random access procedure for thecell 1900. The cell 1900 may be a primary cell (PCell). The cell 1900may be a secondary cell (SCell). The cell 1900 may be a secondary cellconfigured with a PUCCH (e.g., PUCCH SCell). The cell 1900 may be anunlicensed cell. The cell 1900 may be a licensed cell.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or moreCORESETs for the cell. The one or more CORESETs may comprise a firstCORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-1). The one or more CORESETs may comprise asecond CORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-2).

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate CORESETindicators/indices (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameterControlResourceSetId) for the one or more CORESETs. Each CORESET of theone or more CORESETs may be indicated/identified by a respective CORESETindicator/index of the CORESET indicators/indices. The first CORESET1912-1 may be indicated/identified by a first CORESET indicator/index ofthe CORESET indicators/indices. The second CORESET 1912-2 may beindicated/identified by a second CORESET indicator/index of the CORESETindicators/indices.

The wireless device 1908 may monitor, for DCI(s), PDCCH(s) via the oneor more CORESETs. The wireless device 1908 may monitor the PDCCH(s)based on one or more antenna port quasi co-location properties (e.g.,DM-RS antenna port quasi co-location property, for example antenna portQCL property 1, antenna port QCL property 2, as shown in FIG. 19 ). Theone or more antenna port quasi co-location properties may comprise oneor more TCI states. The wireless device 1908 may receive/detect PDCCH(s)transmissions comprising the DCI(s), via the one or more CORESETs, basedon the one or more antenna port quasi co-location properties. Thewireless device 1908 may receive/detect a PDCCH transmission comprisingDCI, via each CORESET of the one or more CORESETs, based on a respectiveantenna port quasi co-location property of the one or more antenna portquasi co-location properties. A CORESET of the one or more CORESETs maybe associated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location propertyof the one or more antenna port quasi co-location properties. TheCORESET being associated/configured with the antenna port quasico-location property may comprise receiving/detecting a PDCCHtransmission, via the CORESET, based the antenna port quasi co-locationproperty. Receiving/detecting a PDCCH transmission, via a CORESET of theone or more CORESETs, based on an antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the one or more antenna port quasi co-location properties,may comprise that at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission isquasi co-located (QCL-ed) with a reference signal indicated by (or in)the antenna port quasi co-location property.

An antenna port quasi co-location property may comprise/indicate areference signal (e.g., downlink RS 1 for CORESET 1912-1, uplink RS 1for CORESET 1912-2). The antenna port quasi co-location property maycomprise/indicate a reference signal indicator/index (e.g., ssb-index,csi-rs index, srs, etc) of the reference signal. Receiving/detecting aPDCCH transmission, via a CORESET based on an antenna port quasico-location property, may comprise that the wireless devicereceives/detects the PDCCH transmission using a spatial receiving filterthat is same as a spatial transmission (or receiving) filter used totransmit (or receive) a reference signal indicated by (or in) theantenna port quasi co-location property. The at least one DM-RS port ofthe PDCCH transmission may be quasi co-located with the reference signalwith respect to at least one of: Doppler shift, Doppler spread, averagedelay, delay spread, and spatial receiving (RX) parameters. The at leastone DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission may be quasi co-located withthe reference signal with respect to a quasi co-location type (e.g.,QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB, QCL-TypeC, QCL-TypeD). The antenna port quasico-location property may comprise/indicate the quasi co-location type.The antenna port quasi co-location property may comprise/indicate thequasi co-location type for the reference signal. The at least one DM-RSport of the PDCCH transmission may be quasi co-located with thereference signal with respect to Doppler shift, Doppler spread, averagedelay and delay spread, for example, if the at least one DM-RS port ofthe PDCCH is quasi co-located with the reference signal with respect toQCL-TypeA. The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission may bequasi co-located with the reference signal with respect to Doppler shiftand Doppler spread, for example, if the at least one DM-RS port of thePDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with the reference signal withrespect to QCL-TypeB. The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCHtransmission may be quasi co-located with the reference signal withrespect to Doppler shift and average delay, for example, if the at leastone DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with thereference signal with respect to QCL-TypeC. The at least one DM-RS portof the PDCCH transmission may be quasi co-located with the referencesignal with respect to spatial RX parameters, for example, if the atleast one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located withthe reference signal with respect to QCL-TypeD.

The base station 1904 may send the PDCCH transmission via a same beam asused for sending the reference signal, for example, if the at least oneDM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with thereference signal with respect to QCL-TypeD and the reference signal is adownlink reference signal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS). The wirelessdevice 1908 may receive the PDCCH transmission via a same beam as usedfor receiving the reference signal, for example, if the at least oneDM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with thereference signal with respect to QCL-TypeD and the reference signal is adownlink reference signal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS).

The base station 1904 may send the PDCCH transmission via a same beam asused for receiving the reference signal, for example, if the at leastone DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with thereference signal with respect to QCL-TypeD and the reference signal isan uplink reference signal (e.g., SRS). The wireless device 1908 mayreceive the PDCCH transmission via a same beam as used for transmittingthe reference signal, for example, if the at least one DM-RS port of thePDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with the reference signal withrespect to QCL-TypeD and the reference signal is an uplink referencesignal (e.g., SRS).

The wireless device 1908 may monitor, for first DCI, a first PDCCHin/via the CORESET 1912-1 based on a first antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., antenna port QCL property 1) of the one ormore antenna port quasi co-location properties. The wireless device mayreceive/detect a first PDCCH transmission (or monitor the first PDCCH)comprising the first DCI, via the CORESET 1912-1, based on the firstantenna port quasi co-location property. The receiving/detecting thefirst PDCCH transmission (or monitoring the first PDCCH) in/via theCORESET 1912-1 may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908 maydetermine that) at least one first DM-RS port of the first PDCCHtransmission may be quasi co-located with a first reference signal(e.g., downlink RS 1 in FIG. 19 ) indicated by (or in) the first antennaport quasi co-location property. The receiving/detecting the first PDCCHtransmission in/via CORESET 1912-1 may comprise that (e.g., the wirelessdevice 1908 may determine that) at least one first DM-RS port of/for areception of the first PDCCH transmission may be quasi co-located with afirst reference signal (e.g., the downlink RS 1) indicated by (or in)the first antenna port quasi co-location property. The at least onefirst DM-RS port of the first PDCCH may be quasi co-located with thefirst reference signal with respect to a first quasi co-location type(e.g., QCL-TypeD, QCL-TypeA, or any other QCL type). The first antennaport quasi co-location property may comprise/indicate the first quasico-location type. The first antenna port quasi co-location property maycomprise/indicate the first quasi co-location type for the firstreference signal. The receiving/detecting the first PDCCH transmission(or monitoring the first PDCCH) in/via the CORESET 1912-1 may comprisethat the wireless device 1908 may receive/detect the first PDCCHtransmission using a spatial receiving filter that is same (orsubstantially same) as a spatial receiving filter used to receive thefirst reference signal (e.g., the downlink RS 1) indicated by (or in)the first antenna port quasi co-location property. The first CORESET1912-1 may be associated/configured with the first antenna port quasico-location property.

The wireless device 1908 may monitor, for second DCI, a second PDCCHin/via the CORESET 1912-2 based on a second antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., antenna port QCL property 2) of the one ormore antenna port quasi co-location properties. The wireless device 1908may receive/detect a second PDCCH transmission (or monitor the secondPDCCH) comprising the second DCI, via the second CORESET 1912-2, basedon the second antenna port quasi co-location property. Thereceiving/detecting the second PDCCH transmission (or monitoring thesecond PDCCH) in/via the CORESET 1912-2 may comprise that (e.g., thewireless device 1908 may determine that) at least one second DM-RS portof the second PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with a secondreference signal (e.g., uplink RS 1 in FIG. 19 ) indicated by (or in)the second antenna port quasi co-location property. Thereceiving/detecting the second PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET1912-2 may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908 may determinethat) at least one second DM-RS port of/for a reception of the secondPDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with the second reference signal(e.g., the uplink RS 1) indicated by (or in) the second antenna portquasi co-location property. The at least one second DM-RS port of thesecond PDCCH may be quasi co-located with the second reference signalwith respect to a second quasi co-location type (e.g., QCL TypeD, QCLTypeA, or any other QCL type). The second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty may comprise/indicate the second quasi co-location type. Thesecond antenna port quasi co-location property may comprise/indicate thesecond quasi co-location type for the second reference signal. Thereceiving/detecting the second PDCCH transmission (or monitoring thesecond PDCCH) in/via the CORESET 1912-2 may comprise that the wirelessdevice 1908 may receive/detect the second PDCCH transmission using aspatial receiving filter that is same (or substantially same) as aspatial transmission filter used to transmit the second reference signal(e.g., uplink RS 1) indicated by (or in) the second antenna port quasico-location property. The CORESET 1912-2 may be associated/configuredwith the second antenna port quasi co-location property.

The first antenna port quasi co-location property and the second antennaport quasi co-location property may be same or substantially same. Thefirst antenna port quasi co-location property and the second antennaport quasi co-location property may be different.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more TCIstates for the one or more CORESETs. The one or more TCI states mayprovide quasi co-location relationships between downlink referencesignals in a TCI state of the one or more TCI states and PDCCH DM-RSports. The one or more TCI states may comprise one or more first TCIstates for the CORESET 1912-1. The one or more TCI states may compriseone or more second TCI states for the CORESET 1912-2.

The wireless device 1908 may receive one or more MAC CEs (e.g., a TCIstate indication for wireless device-specific PDCCH MAC CE) activatingone or more TCI states of the one or more TCI states for the one or moreCORESETs. Each of the one or more MAC CEs may activate a respective TCIstate for a respective CORESET of the one or more CORESETs. The wirelessdevice 1908 may activate/use each TCI state (of the one or moreactivated TCI states) for a respective CORESET (of the one or moreCORESETs). The wireless device 1908 may activate/use each TCI state ofthe one or more activated TCI states for a (single) CORESET of the oneor more CORESETs. The one or more activated TCI states may be applicablefor PDCCH reception (in the one or more CORESETs) in an active downlinkBWP of the cell 1900. The one or more activated TCI states may comprisea first TCI state for the CORESET 1912-1 and a second TCI state for theCORESET 1912-2.

A TCI state (e.g., each TCI state) of the one or more activated TCIstates may comprise/indicate a respective antenna port quasi co-locationproperty for a respective CORESET of the one or more CORESETs. A TCIstate of the one or more activated TCI states may comprise/indicate anantenna port quasi co-location property for a CORESET among the one ormore CORESETs. The TCI state and the antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the CORESET may be same (or substantially same). The TCIstate may comprise/indicate a reference signal for the antenna portquasi co-location property of the CORESET. The TCI state maycomprise/indicate the quasi co-location type for the antenna port quasico-location property of the CORESET. The TCI state may comprise/indicatethe quasi co-location type for the reference signal.

The wireless device 1908 may receive a first message (e.g., a first MACCE, such as a TCI state indication for wireless device-specific PDCCHMAC CE) activating the first TCI state of the one or more first TCIstates of the CORESET 1912-1. The first MAC CE may comprise a fieldindicating a first TCI state indicator/index (e.g., provided by a higherlayer parameter tci-StateID) of the first TCI state. The wireless device1908 may activate the first TCI state for the CORESET 1912-1, forexample, based on the field indicating the first TCI state. Thereceiving/detecting the first PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET1912-1 based on the first antenna port quasi co-location property maycomprise receiving/detecting the first PDCCH transmission, in/via theCORESET 1912-1, based on the first TCI state. The receiving/detectingthe first PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-1 based on thefirst TCI state may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908 maydetermine that) at least one first DM-RS port of the first PDCCHtransmission is quasi co-located with the first reference signal (e.g.,the downlink RS 1) indicated by (or in) the first TCI state. The atleast one first DM-RS port of the first PDCCH transmission may be quasico-located with the first reference signal with respect to a first quasico-location type indicated by the first TCI state. The first TCI statemay comprise/indicate the first antenna port quasi co-location propertyof the CORESET 1912-1. The first TCI state and the first antenna portquasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-1 may be the same orsubstantially same. The first TCI state may comprise/indicate the firstreference signal in/for the first antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the CORESET 1912-1. The first TCI state maycomprise/indicate the first quasi co-location type in/for the firstantenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-1. The firstTCI state may comprise/indicate the first quasi co-location type for thefirst reference signal. The receiving/detecting the first PDCCHtransmission (or monitoring the first PDCCH) in/via the CORESET 1912-1based on the first TCI state may comprise that the wireless device 1908may receive/detect the first PDCCH transmission with a spatial receivingfilter that is same as (or substantially same as) a spatial receivingfilter used to receive the first reference signal (e.g., the downlink RS1).

The wireless device 1908 may receive a second message (e.g., a secondMAC CE, such as a TCI state indication for wireless device-specificPDCCH MAC CE) activating the second TCI state of the one or more secondTCI states of the CORESET 1912-2. The second MAC CE may comprise a fieldindicating a second TCI state indicator/index of the second TCI state.The wireless device 1908 may activate the second TCI state for theCORESET 1912-2 based on the field indicating the second TCI state. Thereceiving/detecting the second PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET1912-2 based on the second antenna port quasi co-location property maycomprise receiving/detecting the second PDCCH transmission, in/via theCORESET 1912-2, based on the second TCI state. The receiving/detectingthe second PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-2 state maycomprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908 may determine that) atleast one second DM-RS port of the second PDCCH transmission is quasico-located with the second reference signal (e.g., the uplink RS 1)indicated by (or in) the second TCI state. The at least one second DM-RSport of the second PDCCH transmission may be quasi co-located with thesecond reference signal with respect to a second quasi co-location typeindicated by the second TCI state. The second TCI state maycomprise/indicate the second antenna port quasi co-location property ofthe CORESET 1912-2. The second TCI state and the second antenna portquasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-2 may be the same orsubstantially same. The second TCI state may comprise/indicate thesecond reference signal in/for the second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the CORESET 1912-2. The second TCI state maycomprise/indicate the second quasi co-location type in/for the secondantenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-2. Thesecond TCI state may comprise/indicate the second quasi co-location typefor the second reference signal. The receiving/detecting the secondPDCCH transmission (or monitoring the second PDCCH) in/via the CORESET1912-2 based on the second TCI state may comprise that the wirelessdevice 1908 may receive/detect the second PDCCH transmission with aspatial receiving filter that is same as a spatial transmitting filterused to transmit the second reference signal (e.g., the uplink RS 1)indicated by (or in) the second TCI state.

The (activated) first TCI state may be applicable/used for receiving thefirst PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-1 of an (active)downlink BWP of the cell 1900. The (activated) first TCI state beingapplicable/used for receiving the first PDCCH transmission in/via theCORESET 1912-1 of the (active) downlink BWP of the cell 1900 maycomprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908 may determine that) atleast one first DM-RS port of the first PDCCH transmission is quasico-located with the first reference signal (e.g., the downlink RS 1)(indicated by the first TCI state) with respect to a first quasico-location type (e.g., QCL TypeD) (indicated by the first TCI state).The (activated) first TCI state being applicable/used for receiving thefirst PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-1 may comprise that thewireless device 1908 may receive the first PDCCH transmission in/via theCORESET 1912-1 based on the first TCI state.

The (activated) second TCI state may be applicable/used for receivingthe second PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-2 of an (active)downlink BWP of the cell 1900. The (activated) second TCI state beingapplicable/used for receiving the second PDCCH transmission in/via theCORESET 1912-2 may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device maydetermine that) at least one second DM-RS port of the second PDCCHtransmission is quasi co-located with the second reference signal (e.g.,uplink RS 1 in FIG. 18 ) (indicated by the second TCI state) withrespect to a second quasi co-location type (e.g., QCL TypeD) (indicatedby the second TCI state). The (activated) second TCI state beingapplicable/used for receiving the second PDCCH transmission in/via theCORESET 1912-2 may comprise that the wireless device 1908 may receivethe second PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-2 based on thesecond TCI state. The (activated) second TCI state being applicable/usedfor receiving the second PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET 1912-2may comprise that the wireless device 1908 may receive/detect the secondPDCCH transmission with a spatial receiving filter that is same as aspatial transmitting filter used to transmit the second reference signal(e.g., the uplink RS 1) indicated by (or in) the second TCI state.

The one or more configuration parameters may not indicate one or moreTCI states for a CORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-1, CORESET 1912-2) of theone or more CORESETs (e.g., using a higher layer parametertci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList and tci-StatesPDCCH-ToReleaseList). Thewireless device 1908 may monitor, for DCI, a PDCCH in/via the CORESETbased on an antenna port quasi co-location property (e.g., DM-RS antennaport quasi co-location property) of the one or more antenna port quasico-location properties. The wireless device 1908 may receive a PDCCHtransmission comprising the DCI in/via the CORESET based on the antennaport quasi co-location property. The receiving the PDCCH transmissionin/via the CORESET based on the antenna port quasi co-location propertymay comprise that (e.g., the wireless device may determine that) atleast one DM-RS port of the PDCCH may be quasi co-located with areference signal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS). The at least one DM-RSport of the PDCCH transmission being quasi co-located with the referencesignal may comprise that the at least one DM-RS port of a reception ofthe PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with the reference signal.The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission may be quasico-located with the reference signal with respect to a quasi co-locationtype (e.g., QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeD, etc). The wireless device 1908 mayuse/determine/identify the reference signal during a random accessprocedure. The wireless device may initiate the random access procedurefor an initial access procedure. The random access procedure may be(initiated) for an initial access procedure. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may not indicate one or more first TCI statesfor the CORESET 1912-1. The reference signal may be the first referencesignal (e.g., the downlink RS 1) and the antenna port quasi co-locationproperty may be the first antenna port quasi co-location property of theCORESET 1912-1, for example, if the CORESET is the CORESET 1912-1. Theone or more configuration parameters may not indicate one or more secondTCI states for the second CORESET. The reference signal may be thesecond reference signal (e.g., uplink RS 1) and the antenna port quasico-location property may be the second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the CORESET 1912-2, for example, if the CORESET is theCORESET 1912-2.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality oftransmission TCI states for a CORESET of the one or more CORESETs (e.g.,provided by a higher layer parameter tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList andtci-StatesPDCCH-ToReleaseList). The one or more configuration parametersmay indicate, for the CORESET, the plurality of transmission TCI statesfor a reconfiguration with synchronization procedure (e.g., a handoverprocedure). The wireless device 1908 may not receive a MAC CE (e.g., TCIstate indication for wireless device-specific PDCCH MAC CE) activating aTCI state of the plurality of TCI states for the CORESET. The wirelessdevice 1908 may monitor, for DCI, a PDCCH in/via the CORESET based on anantenna port quasi co-location property (e.g., DM-RS antenna port quasico-location property), for example, based on receiving the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicating the plurality of transmission TCIstates and not receiving the MAC CE. The wireless device 1908 mayreceive a PDCCH transmission (e.g., the DCI) in/via the CORESET based onthe antenna port quasi co-location property. The receiving the PDCCHtransmission in/via the CORESET based on the antenna port quasico-location property may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908may determine that) at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission isquasi co-located with a reference signal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS).The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission may be quasico-located with the reference signal with respect to a quasi co-locationtype (e.g., QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeD, etc). The wireless device 1908 mayuse/determine/identify the reference signal during/for a random accessprocedure. The random access procedure may be (initiated) for an initialaccess procedure. The random access procedure may be (initiated) by thereconfiguration with synchronizaion procedure. The reference signal maybe the first reference signal (e.g., the downlink RS 1) and the antennaport quasi co-location property may be the first antenna port quasico-location property of the CORESET 1912-1, for example, if the CORESETis the CORESET 1912-1. The reference signal may be the second referencesignal (e.g., the uplink RS 1) and the antenna port quasi co-locationproperty may be the second antenna port quasi co-location property ofthe CORESET 1912-2, for example, if the CORESET is the CORESET 1912-2.

The first reference signal in (or indicated by) the first antenna portquasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-1 may be a referencesignal used/determined/identified, by the wireless device 1908,during/for a random access procedure (e.g., initial access,reconfiguration with sync procedure). The second reference signal in (orindicated by) the second antenna port quasi co-location property of theCORESET 1912-2 may be a reference signal used/identified, by thewireless device 1908, during/for an random access procedure (e.g.,initial access, reconfiguration with sync procedure).

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality oftransmission TCI states for a CORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-1, CORESET1912-2) of the one or more CORESETs (e.g., provided by a higher layerparameter tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList and tci-StatesPDCCH-ToReleaseList).The CORESET may be indicated/identified by a CORESET indicator/indexthat is equal to zero. The CORESET may be indicated/identified by aCORESET indicator/index that is different from zero (e.g., non-zero).The wireless device 1908 may receive a message (e.g., a MAC CE, such asa TCI State indication for wireless device-specific PDCCH MAC CE)activating a TCI state of the plurality of TCI states for the CORESET.The TCI state may comprise/indicate a reference signal (e.g., SS/PBCHblock, CSI-RS). The TCI state may comprise/indicate a quasi co-locationtype (e.g., QCL TypeD, QCL TypeD). The wireless device 1908 may monitor,for DCI, a PDCCH in/via the CORESET based on an antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., DM-RS antenna port quasi co-locationproperty), for example, based on the one or more configurationparameters indicating the plurality of transmission TCI states andreceiving the MAC CE activating the TCI state. The monitoring, for theDCI, the PDCCH in/via the CORESET based on the antenna port quasico-location property may comprise monitoring, for the DCI, the PDCCHin/via the CORESET based on the TCI state. The wireless device 1908 mayreceive/detect, in/via the CORESET, a PDCCH transmission (e.g., the DCI)based on the antenna port quasi co-location property. Thereceiving/detecting the PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET based onthe TCI state may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device 1908 maydetermine that) at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission isquais co-located with a reference signal indicated by (or in) the TCIstate. The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission may bequasi co-located with the reference signal with respect to a quasico-location type indicated by the TCI state. The TCI state maycomprise/indicate the antenna port quasi co-location property of theCORESET. The TCI state and the antenna port quasi co-location propertyof the CORESET may be the same. The TCI state may comprise/indicate thereference signal in/for the antenna port quasi co-location property ofthe CORESET. The TCI state may comprise/indicate the quasi co-locationtype in/for the antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET.The TCI state may comprise/indicate the quasi co-location type for thereference signal. The reference signal may be the first reference signal(e.g., the downlink RS 1), the quasi co-location type may be the firstquasi co-location type, the TCI state may be the first TCI state, andthe antenna port quasi co-location property may be the first antennaport quasi co-location property of the first CORESET, for example, ifthe CORESET is the CORESET 1912-1. The reference signal may be thesecond reference signal (e.g., the uplink RS 1), the quasi co-locationtype may be the second quasi co-location type, the TCI state may be thesecond TCI state and the antenna port quasi co-location property may bethe second antenna port quasi co-location property of the secondCORESET, for example, if the CORESET is the CORESET 1912-2.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a TCI state for aCORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-1, CORESET 1912-2) of the one or moreCORESETs (e.g., provided by a higher layer parametertci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList and tci-StatesPDCCH-ToReleaseList). The TCIstate may be a single TCI state for the CORESET. A quantity/number ofTCI states for the CORESET may be one. The TCI state maycomprise/indicate a reference signal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS). TheTCI state may comprise/indicate a quasi co-location type (e.g., QCLTypeD, QCL TypeD). The wireless device 1908 may monitor, for DCI, aPDCCH in/via the CORESET based on an antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., DM-RS antenna port quasi co-location property), forexample, based on the one or more configuration parameters indicatingthe TCI states for the CORESET. The wireless device 1908 may receive,in/via the CORESET, a PDCCH transmission (e.g., the DCI) based on theantenna port quasi co-location property. The receiving the PDCCHtransmission in/via the CORESET based on the antenna port quasico-location property may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device maydetermine that) at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission isquasi co-located with the reference signal indicated/configured by theTCI state. The receiving the PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET basedon the antenna port quasi co-location property may comprise that (e.g.,the wireless device 1908 may determine that) at least one DM-RS port ofthe PDCCH transmission is quasi co-located with the reference signalindicated/configured by the TCI state with respect to the quasico-location type indicated/configured by the TCI state.

The CORESET may be the CORESET 1912-1. The first TCI state of theCORESET 1912-1 may comprise/indicate the first antenna port quasico-location property. The first TCI state of the CORESET 1912-1 and thefirst antenna port quasi co-location property may be the same. Thewireless device 1912-1 may monitor, for first DCI, a first PDCCH in/viathe CORESET 1912-1 based on the first antenna port quasi co-locationproperty. The monitoring the first PDCCH in/via the CORESET 1912-1 basedon the first antenna port quasi co-location property may comprise thatthe wireless device 1908 monitors, for the first DCI, the first PDCCHin/via the first CORESET 1912-1 based on the first TCI state. The firstTCI state may comprise/indicate the first reference signal in/for thefirst antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-1. Thefirst TCI state may comprise/indicate the first quasi co-location typein/for the first antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET1912-1. The monitoring the first PDCCH in/via the CORESET 1912-1 basedon the first TCI state may comprise that (e.g., the wireless device maydetermine that) at least one first DM-RS port of the first PDCCH isquasi co-located with the first reference signal indicated/configured bythe first TCI state with respect to the first quasi co-location typeindicated/configured by the first TCI state.

The CORESET may be the CORESET 1912-2. The second TCI state of theCORESET 1912-2 may comprise/indicate the second antenna port quasico-location property. The second TCI state of the CORESET 1912-2 and thesecond antenna port quasi co-location property may be the same. Thewireless device 1908 may monitor, for second DCI, a second PDCCH in/viathe CORESET 1912-2 based on the second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty. The monitoring the second PDCCH in/via the CORESET 1912-2based on the second antenna port quasi co-location property may comprisethat the wireless device 1908 monitors, for the second DCI, the secondPDCCH in/via the CORESET 1912-2 based on the second TCI state. Thesecond TCI state may comprise/indicate the second reference signalin/for the second antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET1912-2. The second TCI state may comprise/indicate the second quasico-location type in/for the second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the CORESET 1912-2. The monitoring the second PDCCH in/viathe CORESET 1912-2 based on the second TCI state may comprise that(e.g., the wireless device may determine that) at least one second DM-RSport of the second PDCCH is quasi co-located with the second referencesignal indicated/configured by the second TCI state with respect to thesecond quasi co-location type indicated/configured by the second TCIstate.

A CORESET, of the one or more CORESETs, may be indicated/identified witha CORESET indicator/index that is equal to zero. The wireless device1908 may monitor, for DCI, a PDCCH in/via the CORESET based on anantenna port quasi co-location property. The wireless device 1908 mayreceive a PDCCH transmission comprising/including/with the DCI in/viathe CORESET based on the antenna port quasi co-location property. Thereceiving the PDCCH transmission in/via the CORESET based on the antennaport quasi co-location property may comprise that (e.g., the wirelessdevice may determine that) at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCHtransmission may be quasi co-located with a reference signal. Thewireless device 1908 may use/determine/identify the reference signalin/during a recent (or most recent or latest) random access procedure.The recent random access procedure may or may not be initiated based onreceiving a PDCCH order. The wireless device 1908 may or may notinitiate the recent random access procedure based on receiving a PDCCHorder. The latest/recent random access procedure may or may not beinitiated based on receiving a PDCCH order triggering a non-contentionbased random access procedure. The wireless device 1908 may or may notreceive a message (e.g., a MAC CE, such as a TCI state indication forwireless device-specific PDCCH MAC CE) activating a TCI state of theplurality of TCI states for the CORESET after the recent random accessprocedure. The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission via theCORESET may be quasi co-located with the reference signalused/identified in/during the recent random access procedure, forexample, based on not receiving the MAC CE activating the TCI state forthe CORESET after the recent random access procedure. The referencesignal may be the first reference signal (e.g., the downlink RS 1) andthe antenna port quasi co-location property may be the first antennaport quasi co-location property of the CORESET 1912-1, for example, ifthe CORESET is the CORESET 1912-1 and the first CORESET indicator of theCORESET 1912-1 is equal to zero. The reference signal may be the secondreference signal (e.g., the uplink RS 1) and the antenna port quasico-location property may be the second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty of the second CORESET, for example, if the CORESET is theCORESET 1912-2 and the second CORESET indicator of the CORESET 1912-2 isequal to zero.

The cell 1900 may comprise a plurality of BWPs. The plurality of BWPsmay comprise one or more uplink BWPs comprising an uplink BWP of thecell 1900. The plurality of BWPs may comprise one or more downlink BWPscomprising a downlink BWP of the cell 1900. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate the one or more CORESETs on/forthe downlink BWP of the cell 1900.

A BWP of the plurality of BWPs may be in one of an active state and aninactive state. The active state of a downlink BWP of the one or moredownlink BWPs may comprise monitoring a downlink channel/signal (e.g., aPDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, a PDSCH) on/for/via the downlink BWP. The activestate of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs may comprisereceiving a PDSCH transmission on/via the downlink BWP. The inactivestate of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs may comprisenot monitoring a downlink channel/signal (e.g., a PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, aPDSCH) on/for the downlink BWP. The inactive state of a downlink BWP ofthe one or more downlink BWPs may comprise not receiving a PDSCHtransmission on/via the downlink BWP.

The active state of an uplink BWP of the one or more uplink BWPs maycomprise transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., a PUCCH transmission, apreamble, a PUSCH transmission, a PRACH transmission, an SRS, etc) viathe uplink BWP. The inactive state of an uplink BWP of the one or moreuplink BWPs may comprise not transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., aPUCCH transmission, a preamble, a PUSCH transmission, a PRACHtransmission, SRS, etc) via the uplink BWP.

The wireless device 1908 may activate the downlink BWP of the one ormore downlink BWPs of the cell 1900. The activating the downlink BWP maycomprise that the wireless device 1908 sets the downlink BWP as anactive downlink BWP of the cell 1900. The activating the downlink BWPmay comprise that the wireless device 1908 sets the downlink BWP in theactive state. The activating the downlink BWP may comprise switching thedownlink BWP from the inactive state to the active state.

The wireless device 1908 may activate the uplink BWP of the one or moreuplink BWPs of the cell 1900. The activating the uplink BWP may comprisethat the wireless device 1908 sets the uplink BWP as an active uplinkBWP of the cell 1900. The activating the uplink BWP may comprise thatthe wireless device 1908 sets the uplink BWP in the active state. Theactivating the uplink BWP may comprise switching the uplink BWP from theinactive state to the active state.

The base station 1904 may determine to send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCHorder. The PDCCH order may initiate/trigger a random access procedure.The PDCCH order may initiate/trigger the random access procedure for thecell 1900. The PDCCH order may initiate/trigger the random accessprocedure for a second cell different from the cell 1900.

The base station 1904 may select/determine a CORESET, among the one ormore CORESETs, to transmit the PDCCH order, for example, based on thedetermining to transmit the PDCCH order. The base station 1904 mayselect/determine the CORESET (e.g., the CORESET 1912-1 based on theCORESET being associated/configured with an antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., or a TCI state) indicating a downlinkreference signal (e.g., the downlink RS 1). The base station 1904 mayselect/determine the CORESET 1912-1 based on the CORESET 1912-1 beingassociated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., or a TCI state), among the one or more antenna port quasico-location properties, indicating a downlink reference signal (e.g.,the downlink RS 1). The base station 1904 may select/determine theCORESET 1912-1 to transmit a PDCCH order 1916, for example, based on theCORESET 1912-1 being associated/configured with the antenna port quasico-location property indicating the downlink reference signal. The basestation 1904 may select/determine the CORESET 1912-1 to transmit thePDCCH order 1916, for example, based on the antenna port quasico-location property, of the CORESET, indicating the downlink referencesignal. The base station 1904 may send/transmit the PDCCH order 1916 viathe CORESET 1912-1, for example, based on the selecting/determining theCORESET 1912-1.

The wireless device 1908 may send a preamble (e.g., a random accesspreamble 1920) based on receiving the PDCCH order 1916. The wirelessdevice 1908 may calculate/determine a transmission power of the randomaccess preamble 1920 based on the downlink reference signal (e.g., thedownlink RS 1) indicated by the antenna port quasi-colocation property(e.g., or the TCI state) associated with CORESET 1912-1.

The base station 1904 may not send (e.g., may not transmit) a PDCCHorder via a CORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-2), among the one or moreCORESETs, associated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a TCI state) indicating an uplink reference signal(e.g., the uplink RS 1). The base station 1904 may not select/determinethe CORESET 1912-2 to transmit the PDCCH order, for example, based onthe CORESET 1912-2 being associated/configured with the antenna portquasi co-location property indicating the uplink reference signal. Thebase station 1904 may not select/determine the CORESET 1912-2 totransmit the PDCCH order, for example, based on the antenna port quasico-location property of the CORESET 1912-2 indicating the uplinkreference signal.

The one or more CORESETs may comprise a first CORESETassociated/configured with a first antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a first TCI state) indicating a first downlinkreference signal. The one or more CORESETs may comprise a second CORESETassociated/configured with a second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a second TCI state) indicating a second uplinkreference signal. The one or more CORESETs may comprise a third CORESETassociated/configured with a third antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a third TCI state) indicating a third uplinkreference signal. The base station 1904 may select/determine the firstCORESET to send/transmit a PDCCH order, for example, based on the firstCORESET being associated/configured with the first antenna port quasico-location property indicating the first downlink reference signal. Thebase station 1904 may not select/determine the second CORESET totransmit the PDCCH order based on the second CORESET beingassociated/configured with the second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty indicating the second uplink reference signal. The base station1904 may not select the third CORESET to transmit the PDCCH order basedon the third CORESET being associated/configured with the third antennaport quasi co-location property indicating the third uplink referencesignal. The base station 1904 may transmit the PDCCH order via the firstCORESET based on the selecting/determining the first CORESET.

The one or more CORESETs may comprise a first CORESETassociated/configured with a first antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a first TCI state) indicating a first downlinkreference signal. The one or more CORESETs may comprise a second CORESETassociated/configured with a second antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a second TCI state) indicating a second uplinkreference signal. The one or more CORESETs may comprise a third CORESETassociated/configured with a third antenna port quasi co-locationproperty (e.g., or a third TCI state) indicating a third downlinkreference signal. The base station 1904 may select/determine a CORESET,among the first CORESET and the third CORESET, to transmit a PDCCHorder, for example, based on the first CORESET beingassociated/configured with the first antenna port quasi co-locationproperty indicating the first downlink reference signal and the thirdCORESET being associated/configured with the third antenna port quasico-location property indicating the third downlink reference signal. Thebase station 1904 may not select the second CORESET to transmit thePDCCH order based on the second CORESET being associated/configured withthe second antenna port quasi co-location property indicating the seconduplink reference signal. The base station 1904 may transmit the PDCCHorder via the CORESET (e.g., the first CORESET or the second CORESET)based on the selecting/determining the CORESET.

FIG. 20 shows an example random access procedure. A base station 2004may configure one or more CORESETs with associated reference signals. Awireless device 2008 may use the configured CORESETs to receive downlinktransmission(s) from the base station 2004. The downlink transmissionsmay comprise PDCCH transmissions (e.g., DCIs, PDCCH orders, etc.). Thewireless device 2008 may send/transmit a random access preamble based onreceiving a PDCCH transmission (e.g., a PDCCH order initiating a randomaccess procedure). The base station 1904 may determine to send the PDCCHorder via a CORESET that is associated with an uplink reference signalindicating a downlink reference signal. The base station 1904 maydetermine to send the PDCCH order via the CORESET that is associatedwith an uplink reference signal, for example, only if the CORESET thatis associated with an uplink reference signal also indicates a downlinkreference signal. The wireless device 1908 may use, for determining atransmission power of the random access preamble, the downlink referencesignal based on receiving the PDCCH order via the CORESET that isassociated with the uplink reference signal indicating the downlinkreference signal. The base station 2004 and/or the wireless device 2008may perform one or more operations described above with reference to thebase station 1904 and/or the wireless device 1908.

The base station 2004 may select/determine a CORESET, among the one ormore CORESETs of the cell, to transmit a PDCCH order. The CORESET (e.g.,CORESET 2012-1) may be associated/configured with an antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., or a TCI state) indicating an uplinkreference signal (e.g., uplink RS 1). The antenna port quasi co-locationproperty may comprise a reference signal index (e.g., SRS-ResourceId)indicating the uplink reference signal. The uplink reference signal maybe a target reference signal (target RS). The one or more configurationparameters may indicate a spatial relation information (e.g., providedby a higher layer parameter spatialRelationInfo in SRS-Resource) for theuplink reference signal. The spatial relation information may indicate adownlink reference signal (e.g., ssb-Index, csi-RS-Index). The downlinkreference signal (e.g., downlink RS 1) may be a reference referencesignal (reference RS). The spatial relation information may indicate aspatial relation between the target RS and the reference RS. Thewireless device 2008 may send/transmit the target RS based on a spatialfilter used to transmit (or receive) the reference RS. The wirelessdevice 2008 may transmit the target RS based on a spatial filter used toreceive the reference RS, for example, based on the reference RS beingthe downlink reference signal.

The base station 2004 may select/determine the CORESET 2012-1 totransmit a PDCCH order 2016, for example, based on the spatial relationinformation of the uplink reference signal, indicated by the antennaport quasi co-location property of the CORESET 2012-1, indicating thedownlink reference signal. The base station 2004 may select/determinethe CORESET 2012-1 to transmit the PDCCH order 2016, for example, basedon the CORESET 2012-1 being associated/configured with an antenna portquasi co-location property indicating the uplink reference signal withthe spatial relation information indicating the downlink referencesignal. The base station 2004 may send/transmit the PDCCH order 2016 viathe CORESET 2012-1 based on selecting/determining the CORESET 2012-1.

The wireless device 2008 may send a preamble (e.g., a random accesspreamble 2020) based on receiving the PDCCH order 2016. The wirelessdevice 2008 may calculate/determine a transmission power of the randomaccess preamble 2020 based on the downlink reference signal (e.g., thedownlink RS 1) indicated by the spatial relation information of theuplink reference signal (the uplink RS 1).

The base station 2004 may not send/transmit a PDCCH order via a CORESET(e.g., CORESET 2012-2), among the one or more CORESETs,associated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., or a TCI state) indicating an uplink reference signal (e.g.,uplink RS 2) with spatial relation information indicating a seconduplink reference signal (e.g., uplink RS 3). The base station 2004 maydetermine that the CORESET 2012-2, among the one or more CORESETs, isassociated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., or a TCI state) indicating an uplink reference signal (e.g., theuplink RS 2). The base station 2004 may determine that the CORESET2012-1, among the one or more CORESETs, is associated/configured with anantenna port quasi co-location property (e.g., or a TCI state)indicating an uplink reference signal (e.g., the uplink RS 2), forexample, based on determining to transmit the PDCCH order. The antennaport quasi co-location property may comprise a reference signal index(e.g., SRS-ResourceId) indicating the uplink reference signal. Theuplink reference signal may be a target RS. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate the spatial relation informationfor the uplink reference signal. The spatial relation information mayindicate a second uplink reference signal (e.g., provided by a higherlayer parameter SRS-ResourceId). The second uplink reference signal(e.g., the uplink RS 3) may be a reference RS. The spatial relationinformation may indicate a spatial relation between the target RS andthe reference RS. The wireless device 2008 may send/transmit the targetRS based on a spatial filter used to transmit (or receive) the referenceRS. The wireless device 2008 may transmit the target RS based on aspatial filter used to transmit the reference RS based on the referenceRS being the second uplink reference signal. The base station 2004 maynot select/determine the CORESET 2012-2 to transmit the PDCCH order, forexample, based on the determining that the spatial relation informationof the uplink reference signal, indicated by the antenna port quasico-location property of the CORESET 2012-2, indicates the second uplinkreference signal. The base station may not transmit the PDCCH order viathe CORESET 2012-2, for example, based on the determining that thespatial relation information of the uplink reference signal, indicatedby the antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET 2012-2,indicates the second uplink reference signal.

FIG. 21 shows an example random access procedure. A wireless device 2108may determine a transmission power of a random access preamble asdescribed with reference to FIG. 21 , for example, if the wirelessdevice 2108 receives a PDCCH order via a CORESET associated with anuplink reference signal. The wireless device 1908 may use, fordetermining a transmission power of the random access preamble, adownlink reference signal indicated by the uplink reference signal, adownlink reference signal of a CORESET with a specific CORESET index(e.g., a lowest CORESET index among configured CORESETs), and/or adownlink reference signal indicated by a pathloss reference RS. A basestation 2104 and/or the wireless device 2108 may additionally, oralternatively, perform one or more operations described above withreference to the FIGS. 19 and 20 .

The wireless device may receive, from the base station 2104, a PDCCHorder 2116 initiating a random access procedure. The wireless device mayreceive the PDCCH order via a CORESET (e.g., CORESET 2112-1) of one ormore CORESETs. The random access procedure may be a contention-freerandom access procedure (e.g., non-contention based random accessprocedure). The wireless device 2108 may initiate the random accessprocedure based on the receiving the PDCCH order 2116. The PDCCH order2116 may indicate a cell 2100. The PDCCH order 2116 may indicate a cellindex of the cell 2100. The wireless device 2108 may initiate the randomaccess procedure for the cell 2100. The PDCCH order 2116 mayinitiate/trigger the random access procedure for the cell 2100. Thewireless device 2108 may initiate the random access procedure for thecell 2100 based on the PDCCH order 2116 indicating the cell 2100.

The wireless device 2108 may send/transmit a random access preamble(e.g., a random access preamble 2120) for the random access procedure.The wireless device 2108 may transmit the random access preamble 2120via at least one random access resource (e.g., a PRACH occasion) of anactive uplink BWP of the cell 2100. The at least one random accessresource may comprise at least one time resource. The at least onerandom access resource may comprise at least one frequency resource. APRACH mask index field of the PDCCH order 2116 may indicate the at leastone random access resource (e.g., the PRACH occasion). The at least onerandom access resource may be associated with a reference signalindicator/index (e.g., SS/PBCH block index), of a reference signal,indicated by a reference signal indicator/index field in/of the PDCCHorder 2116. The wireless device 2108 may select, to transmit the randomaccess preamble 2120, the at least one random access resource indicatedby the PRACH mask index field. A value of a random access preamble indexfield in the PDCCH order 2116 may not be zero (e.g., non-zero). A valueof a random access preamble index field in the PDCCH order 2116 may bezero. The random access preamble index may indicate/identify thepreamble 2120. The wireless device 2108 may transmit the random accesspreamble 2120 indicated by the random access preamble index based on areference signal (e.g., indicated/identified by the reference signalindex) that is indicated by the reference signal index field in/of thePDCCH order 2116. The wireless device 2108 may transmit the randomaccess preamble 2120 using a spatial transmission filter that is basedon a spatial receiving filter used to receive the reference signal.

A CORESET via which the PDCCH order 2116 is received may beassociated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1) indicating a downlinkreference signal. One or more antenna port quasi co-location propertiesmay comprise the antenna port quasi co-location property. The antennaport quasi co-location property may comprise/indicate a quasico-location type. The quasi co-location type may be QCL-TypeD (or anyother QCl type). The antenna port quasi co-location property maycomprise/indicate the quasi co-location type for the downlink referencesignal.

The wireless device 2108 may transmit the random access preamble 2120with a transmission power. The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal indicated by (orin) the antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET via whichthe PDCCH order 2116 is received. The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based the downlink reference signal indicated by (or in)the antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET that thePDCCH order is received, for example, based on the initiating the randomaccess procedure. The wireless device 2108 may determine/calculate thetransmission power for the random access preamble 2120 based on thedownlink reference signal with which at least one DM-RS port of a PDCCHindicating the PDCCH order 2116 is quasi co-located. The at least oneDM-RS port of the PDCCH may be quasi co-located with the downlinkreference signal with respect to a quasi co-location type (e.g., QCLTypeA, QCL TypeB, QCL TypeD, etc). The quasi co-location type may be QCLTypeD.

A CORESET (e.g., CORESET 2112) via which the PDCCH order 2116 isreceived may be associated/configured with an antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., or a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1)indicating an uplink reference signal (e.g., uplink RS 1). The uplinkreference signal may be associated with spatial relation informationindicating a downlink reference signal (e.g., downlink RS 1, as shown inFIG. 20 ). The one or more antenna port quasi co-location properties maycomprise the antenna port quasi co-location property. The antenna portquasi co-location property may comprise/indicate a quasi co-locationtype. The quasi co-location type may be QCL TypeD (or any other QCLtype). The antenna port quasi co-location property may comprise/indicatethe quasi co-location type for the downlink reference signal. Theantenna port quasi co-location property may comprise/indicate the quasico-location type for the uplink reference signal.

The wireless device 2108 may send/transmit the random access preamble2120 with a transmission power. The wireless device maydetermine/calculate the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal in the spatialrelation information of the uplink reference signal (e.g., indicated bythe antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET 2112 viawhich the PDCCH order 2116 is received). The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based the downlink reference signal in the spatialrelation information of the uplink reference signal (e.g., indicated bythe antenna port quasi co-location property of the CORESET 2112 that thePDCCH order 2116 is received), for example, based on the initiating therandom access procedure. The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal. The wirelessdevice 2108 may determine/calculate the transmission power for therandom access preamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal withwhich at least one DM-RS port of a PDCCH indicating the PDCCH order 2116is quasi co-located. The at least one DM-RS port of the PDCCH 2116 maybe quasi co-located with the downlink reference signal with respect to aquasi co-location type (e.g., QCL TypeA, QCL TypeB, QCL TypeD, etc). Thequasi co-location type may be QCL TypeD.

The CORESET 2112 via which the PDCCH order 2116 is received may beassociated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., or a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1 in FIG. 20 )indicating an uplink reference signal (e.g., uplink RS 1) with spatialrelation information indicating a second uplink reference signal (e.g.,uplink RS 3, as shown in FIG. 20 ). The one or more antenna port quasico-location properties may comprise the antenna port quasi co-locationproperty. The antenna port quasi co-location property maycomprise/indicate a quasi co-location type. The quasi co-location typemay be QCL TypeD (or any other quasi co-location type). The antenna portquasi co-location property may comprise/indicate the quasi co-locationtype for the uplink reference signal. The antenna port quasi co-locationproperty may comprise/indicate the quasi co-location type for the seconduplink reference signal.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/calculate a transmission powerfor the random access preamble 2120 based on a selected CORESET of theone or more CORESETs of the cell 2100, for example, based on the CORESET2112, via which the PDCCH order 2116 is received, beingassociated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., or a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1 in FIG. 20 )indicating an uplink reference signal. Spatial relation information ofthe uplink reference signal may indicate a downlink reference signal.Spatial relation information of the uplink reference signal may indicatea second uplink reference signal. The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate a transmission power for the random access preamble2120 based on a selected CORESET of the one or more CORESETs of the cell2100, for example, based on the CORESET 2112 being associated/configuredwith an antenna port quasi co-location property indicating an uplinkreference signal and/or based on the spatial relation information of theuplink reference signal indicating a second uplink reference signal.

The wireless device 2108 may select/determine the selected CORESET amongthe one or more CORESETs of the cell based on CORESET indicators/indices(e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter ControlResourceSetId) of theone or more CORESETs. The wireless device 2108 may determine/select theselected CORESET, among the one or more CORESETs, with a lowest (orhighest) CORESET index among the CORESET indices of the one or moreCORESETs. The one or more CORESETs may comprise a first CORESETindicated/identified by a first CORESET index of the CORESET indices anda second CORESET indicated/identified by a second CORESET index of theCORESET indices. The wireless device 2108 may select/determine theselected CORESET among the first CORESET and the second CORESET based onthe first CORESET index and the second CORESET index. The wirelessdevice 2108 may determine/select the selected CORESET, among the firstCORESET and the second CORESET, with a lowest (or highest) CORESET indexamong the first CORESET index and the second CORESET index. The firstCORESET index may be lower than the second CORESET index. The wirelessdevice 2108 may select the first CORESET as the selected CORESET, forexample, based on the first CORESET index being lower than the secondCORESET index. The wireless device 2108 may select the second CORESET asthe selected CORESET, for example, based on the first CORESET indexbeing lower than the second CORESET index. The first CORESET index maybe higher than the second CORESET index. The wireless device 2108 mayselect the first CORESET as the selected CORESET, for example, based onthe first CORESET index being higher than the second CORESET index. Thewireless device 2108 may select the second CORESET as the selectedCORESET, for example, based on the first CORESET index being higher thanthe second CORESET index.

The wireless device 2108 may select/determine the selected CORESET amongthe one or more CORESETs based on one or more antenna port quasico-location properties of the one or more CORESETs. The wireless device2108 may determine/select the selected CORESET, among the one or moreCORESETs, associated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-locationproperty indicating a downlink reference signal. The wireless device2108 may determine/select the selected CORESET, among the one or moreCORESETs, associated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-locationproperty indicating an uplink reference signal with spatial relationinformation indicating a downlink reference signal.

The determining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the selected CORESET may comprisedetermining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal indicated by theantenna port quasi co-location property of the selected CORESET. Thedetermining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the selected CORESET may comprisedetermining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal in the spatialrelation information of the uplink reference signal indicated by theantenna port quasi co-location property of the selected CORESET. Thewireless device 2108 may determine/calculate the transmission power forthe random access preamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signalwith which at least one DM-RS port of a PDCCH transmission (received viathe selected CORESET) is quasi co-located. The determining/calculatingthe transmission power for the random access preamble 2120 based on theselected CORESET may comprise that the wireless device 2108determines/calculates the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal with which the atleast one DM-RS port of the PDCCH transmission (received via theselected CORESET) is quasi co-located. The wireless device 2108 maytransmit the random access preamble 2120 for the random access procedurewith the transmission power determined/calculated based on the selectedCORESET.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or morepathloss reference reference signals (RSs) for a pathloss estimation ofan uplink channel/signal (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) of/for the cell 2100.The uplink channel/signal may be PUCCH/PUCCH transmission and the one ormore pathloss reference RSs may be provided by a first higher layerparameter (e.g., PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS in PUCCH-PowerControl). Theuplink channel/signal may be a PUSCH/PUSCH transmission and the one ormore pathloss reference RSs may be provided by a second higher layerparameter (e.g., PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS in PUSCH-PowerControl). Theuplink channel/signal may be SRS and, the one or more pathloss referenceRSs may be provided by a third higher layer parameter (e.g.,PathlossReferenceRS in SRS-Resource Set). The pathloss estimation of theuplink channel/signal (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) of/for the cell 2100 maycomprise a pathloss estimation of a transmission of an uplink signal(e.g., SRS, UCI, SR, HARQ-ACK, CSI) via an uplink channel (e.g., PUCCH,PUSCH) of the cell 2100. In an example, the one or more configurationparameters may indicate the one or more pathloss reference RSs for theactive uplink BWP of the cell 2100.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate pathloss referenceRS indices (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameterpucch-PathlossReferenceRS-Id for PUCCH, provided by a higher layerparameter pusch-PathlossReferenceRS-Id for PUSCH, srs-ResourceSetId forSRS) for the one or more pathloss reference RSs. Each pathloss referenceRS of the one or more pathloss reference RSs may be indicated/identifiedby a respective pathloss reference RS indicator/index of the pathlossreference RS indices. A first pathloss reference RS of the one or morepathloss reference RSs may be identified by a first pathloss referenceRS index of the pathloss reference RS indices. A second pathlossreference RS of the one or more pathloss reference RSs may be identifiedby a second pathloss reference RS index of the pathloss reference RSindices.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/calculate a transmission powerfor the random access preamble 2120 based on a selected/determinedpathloss reference RS among the one or more pathloss reference RSs, forexample, based on the CORESET 2112 (via which the PDCCH order 2116 isreceived) being associated/configured with an antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., or a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1)indicating an uplink reference signal. Spatial relation information ofthe uplink reference signal may indicate a downlink reference signal.The spatial relation information of the uplink reference signal mayindicate a second uplink reference signal.

The selecting/determining the pathloss reference RS among the one ormore pathloss reference RSs may be based on the pathloss reference RSindices of the one or more pathloss reference RSs. The wireless device2108 may select/determine the pathloss reference RS with a lowest (orhighest) pathloss reference RS index among the pathloss reference RSindices of the one or more pathloss reference RSs. The one or morepathloss reference RSs may comprise a first pathloss reference RSidentified by a first pathloss reference RS index and a second pathlossreference RS identified by a second pathloss reference RS index. Theselecting/determining the pathloss reference RS among the first pathlossreference RS and the second pathloss reference RS may be based on thefirst pathloss reference RS index and the second pathloss reference RSindex. The wireless device 2108 may select/determine the pathlossreference RS with a lowest (or highest) pathloss reference RS indexamong the first pathloss reference RS index and the second pathlossreference RS index.

The first pathloss reference RS index may be lower than the secondpathloss reference RS index. The wireless device 2108 mayselect/determine the first pathloss reference RS as theselected/determined pathloss reference RS, for example, based on thefirst pathloss reference RS index being lower than the second pathlossreference RS index. In an example, based on the first pathloss referenceRS index being lower than the second pathloss reference RS index, thewireless device may select/determine the second pathloss reference RS asthe selected/determined pathloss reference RS.

The first pathloss reference RS index may be higher than the secondpathloss reference RS index. The wireless device 2108 may select thefirst pathloss reference RS as the selected/determined pathlossreference RS, for example, based on the first pathloss reference RSindex being higher than the second pathloss reference RS index. Thewireless device 2108 may select the second pathloss reference RS as theselected/determined pathloss reference RS, for example, based on thefirst pathloss reference RS index being higher than the second pathlossreference RS index.

The selecting/determining the pathloss reference RS among the one ormore pathloss reference RSs may be based on the pathloss reference RSindices of the one or more pathloss reference RSs. The wireless device2108 may determine/select the pathloss reference RS with a pathlossreference RS index that is equal to a value (e.g., zero, or any othervalue). The wireless device 2108 may determine/select the pathlossreference RS with a pathloss reference RS index, among the pathlossreference RS indices of the one or more pathloss reference RSs, that isequal to the value. The value may be zero. The value may bepreconfigured. The value may be fixed. The value may be configured bythe base station 2104. The one or more configuration parameters mayindicate the value.

The first pathloss reference RS index may be equal to the value (e.g.,zero, or any other value). The second pathloss reference RS index may bedifferent from the value. The wireless device 2108 may select the firstpathloss reference RS as the selected/determined pathloss reference RS,for example, based on the first pathloss reference RS index being equalto the value.

The second pathloss reference RS index may be equal to the value (e.g.,zero, or any other value). The first pathloss reference RS index may bedifferent from the value. The wireless device 2108 may select the secondpathloss reference RS as the selected/determined pathloss reference RS,for example, based on the second pathloss reference RS index being equalto the value.

The selected/determined pathloss reference RS may comprise/indicate adownlink reference signal (e.g., SS/PBCH block identified by assb-index, CSI-RS identified by a csi-rs-index). The reference signalmay be a reference RS. The wireless device 2108 may use/measure thedownlink reference signal in (or indicated by) the pathloss reference RSfor a pathloss estimation for/of an uplink transmission (e.g., PUSCH,UCI, PUCCH, SRS, etc) via an uplink channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) ofthe cell 2100.

The one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a referencecell (e.g., by a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceLinking) forthe cell 2100. The one or more configuration parameters may not indicatea reference cell (e.g., by a higher layer parameterpathlossReferenceLinking) to be used for a pathloss estimation of thecell 2100. The downlink reference signal indicated by the pathlossreference RS may be transmitted on/via the cell 2100, for example, ifthe one or more configuration parameters do not indicate the referencecell. The base station 2104 may transmit the downlink reference signalindicated by the pathloss reference RS on/via the cell 2100, forexample, if the one or more configuration parameters do not indicate thereference cell. The base station 2104 may configure the downlinkreference signal indicated by the pathloss reference RS for the cell2100, for example, if the one or more configuration parameters do notindicate the reference cell. The one or more configuration parametersmay indicate the downlink reference signal indicated by the pathlossreference RS for the cell 2100, for example, if the one or moreconfiguration parameters do not indicate the reference cell.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a reference cell(e.g., by a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceLinking) for thecell 2100. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate areference cell (e.g., by a higher layer parameterpathlossReferenceLinking) used for a pathloss estimation of the cell2100. A plurality of cells may comprise the reference cell. Thereference cell may be different from the cell 2100. The reference cellmay be same as the cell 2100. The downlink reference signal indicated bythe pathloss reference RS may be transmitted on/via the reference cell,for example, based on the one or more configuration parametersindicating the reference cell for the cell 2100. The base station 2104may transmit the downlink reference signal indicated by the pathlossreference RS on/via the reference cell, for example, based on the one ormore configuration parameters indicating the reference cell for the cell2100. The base station 2104 may configure the downlink reference signalindicated by the pathloss reference RS for the reference cell, forexample, based on the one or more configuration parameters indicatingthe reference cell for the cell 2100. The one or more configurationparameters may indicate the downlink reference signal indicated by thepathloss reference RS for the reference cell, for example, based on theone or more configuration parameters indicating the reference cell forthe cell 2100. The reference cell may be for a pathloss estimation forthe cell 2100. The wireless device 2108 may measure the downlinkreference signal of the reference cell for the pathloss estimation ofthe cell 2100.

The determining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the pathloss reference RS may comprisedetermining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble based on the downlink reference signal indicated by thepathloss reference RS. The wireless device 2108 may determine/calculatethe transmission power for the random access preamble 2120 based on thedownlink reference signal indicated by the pathloss reference RS. Thedetermining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the pathloss reference RS may comprise that thewireless device 2108 determines/calculates the transmission power forthe random access preamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signalindicated by the pathloss reference RS. The wireless device 2108 maytransmit the random access preamble 2120 for the random access procedurewith the transmission power determined/calculated based on the pathlossreference RS.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more TCIstates for (decoding) PDSCH transmissions of/for the cell 2100. The oneor more configuration parameters may indicate the one or more TCI statesfor decoding PDSCH transmissions of/for the active downlink BWP of thecell 2100.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate TCI stateindicators/indices (e.g., provided by a higher layer parametertci-StateID as shown in FIG. 17 ) for the one or more TCI states. EachTCI state of the one or more TCI states may be indicated/identified by arespective TCI state indicator/index of the TCI stateindicators/indices. A first TCI state of the one or more TCI states maybe identified by a first TCI state index of the TCI state indices. Asecond TCI state of the one or more TCI states may be identified by asecond TCI state index of the TCI state indices.

The wireless device 2108 may receive a MAC CE (e.g., TCI statesactivation/deactivation for wireless device-specific PDSCH MAC CE)activating at least one TCI state of the one or more TCI states. The MACCE may comprise a field indicating at least one TCI state index, amongthe TCI state indices, of the at least one TCI state. The field may beset to a value (e.g., one, or any other value) indicating activation ofthe at least one TCI state. The wireless device 2108 may activate the atleast one TCI state, for example, based on the field indicating the atleast one TCI state. The wireless device 2108 may map the at least oneTCI state to at least one codepoint, for example, based on theactivating the at least one TCI state. The at least one codepoint may befor/of DCI comprising a TCI field. A TCI field in DCI may indicate (orbe equal to) a codepoint of the at least one codepoint. The at least oneTCI state may comprise a first TCI state and a second TCI state. Thewireless device 2108 may map the first TCI state to a first codepoint(e.g., 000, 001, 111) of the at least one codepoint. The wireless device2108 may map the second TCI state to a second codepoint (e.g., 100, 100,101) of the at least one codepoint.

The (activated) at least one TCI state may be applicable to PDSCH in thecell 2100. The (activated) at least one TCI state may be applicable toPDSCH in the active downlink BWP of the cell 2100. The (activated) atleast one TCI state being applicable to PDSCH in the active downlink BWPof the cell 2100 may comprise that DCI scheduling a PDSCH transmissionfor the active downlink BWP of the cell 2100 indicates a TCI state ofthe at least one TCI state for reception/decoding of the PDSCHtransmission. The (activated) at least one TCI state being applicable toPDSCH in the active downlink BWP of the cell 2100 may comprise that DCIscheduling a PDSCH transmission for the active downlink BWP of the cell2100 does not indicate a TCI state that is not among the at least oneTCI state for reception/decoding of the PDSCH transmission. The wirelessdevice 2108 may receive/decode the PDSCH transmission based on a TCIstate, for example, if DCI scheduling a PDSCH transmission for theactive downlink BWP of the cell 2100 indicates the TCI state of the atleast one TCI state for reception/decoding of the PDSCH transmission.The DCI may comprise a TCI field indicating the TCI state (or indicatinga codepoint of the TCI state). The receiving/decoding the PDSCHtransmission based on the TCI state may comprise that (e.g., thewireless device 2108 may determine that) at least one DM-RS port of thePDSCH transmission is quasi co-located with a reference signal indicatedby the TCI state with respect to a quasi co-location type (e.g., QCLTypeD, or any other quasi co-location type) indicated by the TCI state.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/calculate a transmission powerfor the random access preamble 2120 based on a selected/determined TCIstate among the at least one TCI state, for example, based on theCORESET 2112 via which the PDCCH order 2116 is received beingassociated/configured with an antenna port quasi co-location property(e.g., or a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1) indicating an uplinkreference signal. Spatial relation information of the uplink referencesignal may indicate a downlink reference signal. Spatial relationinformation of the uplink reference signal may indicate a second uplinkreference signal.

The selected/determined TCI state among the at least one TCI state maycomprise/indicate a downlink reference signal (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS,DM-RS). The downlink reference signal may be a reference RS. The TCIstate may comprise/indicate a quasi co-location type. The quasico-location type may be QCL TypeD (or any other quasi co-location type).The TCI state may indicate the quasi co-location type (e.g., QCL TypeD,or any other quasi co-location type) for the downlink reference signal.

The selected/determined TCI state may comprise at least one quasico-location information parameter (e.g., QCL-Info as shown in FIG. 17 ).The wireless device 2108 may select a quasi co-location informationparameter, of the at least one quasi co-location information parameter,indicating/comprising a quasi co-location type that is same as the QCLTypeD. The quasi co-location information parameter may comprise/indicatethe downlink reference signal. The wireless device 2108 may determinethe downlink reference signal indicated by the quasi co-locationinformation parameter.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least one TCIstate indicator/index (e.g., provided by a higher layer parametertci-StateID as shown in FIG. 17 ) for the at least one TCI state(activated by the MAC CE). Each TCI state of the at least one TCI statemay be indicated/identified by a respective TCI state indicator/index ofthe at least one TCI state index. A first TCI state of the at least oneTCI state may be identified by a first TCI state index of the at leastone TCI state index. A second TCI state of the at least one TCI statemay be identified by a second TCI state index of the at least one TCIstate index. The TCI state indices of the one or more TCI states maycomprise the at least one TCI state index of the at least one TCI state.

The determining/selecting the TCI state among the at least one TCI statemay be based on the TCI state indices (e.g., provided by a higher layerparameter tci-StateID in FIG. 17 ). The determining/selecting the TCIstate among the at least one TCI state may be based on the at least oneTCI state index of the at least one TCI state. The wireless device 2108may determine/select the TCI state with a lowest (or highest) TCI stateindex among the at least one TCI state index of the at least one TCIstate. The at least one TCI state may comprise a first TCI stateidentified by a first TCI state index and a second TCI state identifiedby a second TCI state index. The determining/selecting the TCI stateamong the first TCI state and the second TCI state may be based on thefirst TCI state index and the second TCI state index. The wirelessdevice 2108 may determine/select the TCI state with a lowest (orhighest) TCI state index among the first TCI state index and the secondTCI state index. The first TCI state index may be lower than the secondTCI state index. The wireless device 2308 may select the first TCI stateas the selected/determined TCI state, for example, based on the firstTCI state index being lower than the second TCI state index. Thewireless device 2108 may select the second TCI state as theselected/determined TCI state, for example, based on the first TCI stateindex being lower than the second TCI state index. The first TCI stateindex may be higher than the second TCI state index. The wireless device2108 may select the first TCI state as the selected/determined TCIstate, for example, based on the first TCI state index being higher thanthe second TCI state index. The wireless device 2108 may select thesecond TCI state as the selected/determined TCI state, for example,based on the first TCI state index being higher than the second TCIstate index.

The determining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the TCI state may comprisedetermining/calculating the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal indicated by theselected/determined TCI state. The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate the transmission power for the random accesspreamble 2120 based on the downlink reference signal indicated by theselected/determined TCI state. The determining/calculating thetransmission power for the random access preamble 2120 based on the TCIstate may comprise that the wireless device 2108 determines/calculatesthe transmission power for the random access preamble 2120 based on thedownlink reference signal indicated by the selected/determined TCIstate. The wireless device 2108 may transmit the random access preamble2120 for the random access procedure with the transmission powerdetermined/calculated based on the selected/determined TCI state.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/calculate a transmission powerfor the random access preamble 2120 based on a downlink referencesignal, for example, based on the CORESET 2112 via which the PDCCH order2116 is received being associated/configured with an antenna port quasico-location property (e.g., or a TCI state, antenna port QCL property 1)indicating an uplink reference signal. Spatial relation information ofthe uplink reference signal may indicate a second downlink referencesignal. Spatial relation information of the uplink reference mayindicate a second uplink reference signal signal.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/select a downlink referencesignal used for/identified in/for a (another) random access procedure(e.g., an initial access procedure) of the cell 2100. The downlinkreference signal may be an SS/PBCH block. The downlink reference signalmay be a CSI-RS.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/select the downlink referencesignal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS) that is used to obtain (e.g.,receive) a master information block (MIB). The wireless device 2108 mayuse the downlink reference signal to obtain MIB. The wireless device2108 may obtain the MIB for the cell 2100.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/select the downlink referencesignal (e.g., SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS) that is used/indicated/identifiedin a recent (or most recent or latest) random access procedure for thecell 2100. The wireless device 2108 may use/indicate/identify thedownlink reference signal in/during the recent (or most recent orlatest) random access procedure. The latest/recent random accessprocedure may not be initiated based on receiving a PDCCH order. Thelatest/recent random access procedure may not be initiated based onreceiving a PDCCH order triggering a non-contention based random accessprocedure. The latest/recent random access procedure may be initiatedbased on receiving a PDCCH order. The latest/recent random accessprocedure may be initiated based on receiving a PDCCH order triggering anon-contention based random access procedure.

The wireless device 2108 may determine/select a downlink referencesignal indicated by the one or more configuration parameters. The one ormore configuration parameters may indicate the downlink reference signal(e.g., a default downlink pathloss reference RS, cell-defining SSB) forthe cell.

The PDCCH order 2116 may comprise a field comprising/indicating areference signal indicator/index (e.g., SS/PBCH index). The referencesignal index in the PDCCH order 2116 may indicate a downlink referencesignal. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate thereference signal index for the downlink reference signal. The wirelessdevice 2108 may transmit the random access preamble 2120 for the randomaccess procedure with the transmission power determined/calculated basedon the downlink reference signal.

Determining/calculating the transmission power for a random accesspreamble (e.g., the random access preamble 1920, the random accesspreamble 2020, or the random access preamble 2120) based on a referencesignal (e.g., a downlink reference signal) may comprisedetermining/calculating a downlink pathloss estimate (PL_(b,f,c)) forthe transmission power of the random access preamble based on thereference signal. The downlink pathloss estimate may be determined basedon a first power term/parameter (e.g., referenceSignalPower) and a(determined) second power term/parameter (e.g., higher layer filteredRSRP, L3-RSRP). The downlink pathloss estimate may be equal to adifference between the first power term and the second power term (e.g.,PL_(b,f,c)=referenceSignalPower−higher layer filtered RSRP).

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 1908, the wireless device2008, or the wireless device 2108) may use the downlink pathlossestimate for determining the transmission power. The transmission powermay comprise the downlink pathloss estimate.

The determining/calculating the downlink pathloss estimate for thetransmission power of the random access preamble based on the referencesignal may comprise measuring/assessing the reference signal todetermine/calculate the second power term in the downlink pathlossestimate. The measuring/assessing the reference signal may comprisemeasuring a radio link quality (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, SINR, etc) ofthe reference signal.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a block power(e.g. by a higher layer parameter ss-PBCH-BlockPower). A value of theblock power may indicate an average (e.g., a linear average) energy perresource element (EPRE) of resource elements that comprise/carrysecondary synchronization signals (SSS). A base station (e.g., the basestation 1904, the base station 2004, or the base station 2104) may usethe SSS for an SS/PBCH transmission. The value of the block power may bein dBm (e.g., −60 dBm, −50 dBm, 0 dBm, 20 dBm, 30 dBm, 50 dBm, or anyother value).

The wireless device may derive/determine the average EPRE (e.g., SS/PBCHSSS EPRE) based on the block power. A value of the block power may beequal to (or be defined as, or be substantially equal to) a linearaverage over power contributions of resource elementscomprising/carrying SSS within the operating system bandwidth.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a power controloffset (e.g. by a higher layer parameter powerControlOffsetSS). The oneor more configuration parameters may indicate a power control offset forthe reference signal. The power control offset may comprise (or be equalto, or be substantially equal to) a power offset of resource elementscomprising/carrying non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS to resource elementscomprising/carrying SSS. A value of the power control offset may be indB (e.g., −3 dB, 0 dB, 3 dB, 6 dB, or any other value). The wirelessdevice 2108 may derive/determine an average EPRE (e.g., CSI-RS EPRE)based on the block power and the power control offset. The power controloffset may indicate an offset of a transmission power of a CSI-RStransmission relative to a transmission power of an SS/PBCH blocktransmission.

The one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a powercontrol offset (e.g. by a higher layer parameter powerControlOffsetSS).The wireless device may determine a value of the power control offset asa first offset (e.g., 0 dB, 1 dB, 3 dB, or any other value) based on theone or more configuration parameters not indicating the power controloffset. The wireless device may set a value of the power control offsetto a first offset based on the one or more configuration parameters notindicating the power control offset. The first offset may be equal to 0dB (or any other value).

The determining/calculating the downlink pathloss estimate for thetransmission power of the random access preamble based on the referencesignal may comprise determining/calculating the first power term in thedownlink pathloss estimate based on the reference signal. The referencesignal may be a SS/PBCH block. The wireless device may determine thefirst power term (or a value for the first power term) based on theblock power (e.g., provided by ss-PBCH-BlockPower). Thedetermining/calculating the first power term in the downlink pathlossestimate based on the reference signal may comprise setting the firstpower term to a value of the indicated block power, for example, basedon the reference signal being the SS/PBCH block. Thedetermining/calculating the first power term in the downlink pathlossestimate based on the reference signal may comprise the first power termbeing equal to the indicated block power, for example, based on thereference signal being the SS/PBCH block.

The reference signal may be a CSI-RS. The wireless device 2108 maydetermine/calculate the power term (or a value for the first power term)based on the indicated block power (e.g., provided byss-PBCH-BlockPower) and the indicated power control offset (e.g.,provided by powerControlOffsetSS), for example, based on the referencesignal being the CSI-RS. The wireless device may determine/calculate thefirst power term based on scaling the block power with a value of thepower control offset. The scaling may comprise multiplying. The scalingmay comprise dividing. The scaling may comprise adding. The scaling maycomprise subtracting.

A first TCI state of CORESET (e.g., the CORESET 1912-1, the CORESET2012-1, or the CORESET 2112) via which a PDCCH order (e.g., the PDCCHorder 1916, the PDCCH order 2016, or the PDCCH order 2116) is receivedmay indicate at least two reference signals. A first reference signal ofthe at least two reference signals may have a QCL TypeD (or any otherquasi co-location type). The TCI state may indicate the QCL TypeD forthe first reference signal of the at least two reference signals. Asecond reference signal of the at least two reference signals may have adifferent quasi co-location type (a quasi co-location type differentfrom QCL TypeD). The TCI state may indicate, for the second referencesignal, a QCL Type (e.g., QCL TypeA, QCL TypeB, QCL TypeC) differentfrom QCL TypeD. The one or more configuration parameters may indicatepower control offsets (e.g. by a higher layer parameterpowerControlOffsetSS) for the at least two reference signals. The powercontrol offsets may comprise a first power control offset for the firstreference signal. The power control offsets may comprise a second powercontrol offset for the second reference signal. The wireless device maydetermine a value for the power control offset based on the first powercontrol offset, for example, based on the TCI state indicating the QCLTypeD for the first reference signal of the at least two referencesignals. The determining the value for the power control offset based onthe first power control offset may comprise setting the value of thepower control offset as the first power control offset. The determiningthe value for the power control offset based on the first power controloffset may comprise assigning a value of the first power control offsetto the power control offset.

The wireless device may use an RS resource from the reference signal todetermine the transmission power for the random access preamble. Thewireless device may the use the reference signal as a pathloss referenceRS to determine the transmission power.

The wireless device may send/transmit a random access preamble (e.g.,the random access preamble 1920, the random access preamble 2020, or therandom access preamble 2120) based on the determined/calculatedtransmission power. The wireless device 2108 may transmit the randomaccess preamble based on the transmission power. The wireless device maytransmit the random access preamble with the transmission power. Thewireless device may transmit the random access preamble based on thedownlink pathloss estimate.

The wireless device may monitor (or start monitoring) for DCI (e.g., DCIformat 1_0), for example, based on transmitting the random accesspreamble. The DCI may schedule a PDSCH transmission comprising a randomaccess response. The random access response may be for the random accesspreamble. A CRC of the DCI may be scrambled by an RNTI (e.g., RA-RNTI,C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, MCS-C-RNTI, TC-RNTI, etc). The RNTI may be an RA-RNTI.The RA-RNTI may be based on at least one random access resource (e.g., aPRACH occasion). The base station and/or the wireless device maydetermine the RA-RNTI based on the at least one random access resource.The monitoring for the DCI may comprise that the wireless deviceattempts to detect/receive the DCI in/during a response window (e.g.,provided by a higher layer parameter ra-ResponseWindow). The one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate the response window. The wirelessdevice may start the response window based on transmitting the randomaccess preamble. The wireless device may attempt to detect/receive theDCI while the response window is running. The wireless device maymonitor, for the DCI, a PDCCH in a second CORESET (e.g., CORESET 1912-2)of the one or more CORESETs. The second CORESET and a CORESET via whichthe PDCCH order is received (e.g., the CORESET 1912-1, the CORESET2012-1, or the CORESET 2112) may be different. The second CORESET andthe CORESET via which the PDCCH order is received may be the same. Theone or more configuration parameters may indicate the second CORESET fora second cell (e.g., PCell) different from the cell (e.g., SCell) (e.g.,the cell 1900, the cell 2000, the cell 2100). Tyhe one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate the second CORESET for the cell(e.g. PCell). The monitoring, for the DCI, the PDCCH in the secondCORESET may comprise monitoring, for the DCI, the PDCCH for/in a searchspace set in (or associated with or linked to) the second CORESET. Thesearch space set may be common search space (CSS) set (e.g., Type1-PDCCHCSS set). The search space set may be associated with (or linked to) thesecond CORESET. The search space set being associated with (or linkedto) the second CORESET may comprise that a CORESET indicator/index fieldin/of the search space set indicates a second CORESET indicator/index ofthe second CORESET. The search space set being associated with (orlinked to) the second CORESET may comprise that the one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate the second CORESET index of thesecond CORESET in a CORESET index field (e.g., provided by a higherlayer parameter controlResourceSetId in the higher layer parameterSearchSpace) of the search space set. A value of the CORESET index fieldin/of the search space set may be equal to the second CORESET index ofthe second CORESET. The search space set being associated with (orlinked to) the second CORESET may comprise that the one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate the second CORESET index of thesecond CORESET for the search space set.

The wireless device may monitor, for a DCI format with CRC scrambled byan RNTI (e.g., RA-RNTI or TC-RNTI), a PDCCH (or PDCCH candidates) in asearch space set (e.g., Type1-PDCCH CSS set) on a cell (e.g., PCell.SCell). The Type1-PDCCH CSS set may be configured by higher layerparameter (e.g., ra-SearchSpace in PDCCH-ConfigCommon). Thera-SearchSpace may indicate/identify an index of a search space for arandom access procedure. The ra-SearchSpace may be an indicator/index ofa search space for a random access procedure. The ra-SearchSpace may bean identity of a search space for a random access procedure.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate the ra-SearchSpacefor the active downlink BWP of the cell. The one or more configurationparameters may indicate the ra-SearchSpace for the search space set. Theone or more configuration parameters indicating the ra-SearchSpace forthe search space set may comprise that a search space set index of thesearch space set is equal to the ra-SearchSpace. The one or moreconfiguration parameters indicating the ra-SearchSpace for the searchspace set may comprise that the search space set is indicated/identifiedby the ra-SearchSpace.

The wireless device may receive the PDCCH transmissioncomprising/including the DCI in the second CORESET. The wireless devicemay receive the PDCCH transmission comprising/including the DCI for thesearch space set (e.g., Type1-PDCCH CSS set) in the second CORESET. Thewireless device may receive the PDCCH transmission based on (or while)monitoring, for the DCI, the PDCCH for the search space set in thesecond CORESET. The DCI may schedule a PDSCH transmission comprising arandom access response corresponding to the random access preamble(e.g., the random access preamble 1920, the random access preamble 2020,or the random access preamble 2120). The wireless device may completethe random access procedure based on receiving random access responsecorresponding to the random access preamble. The random access responsecorresponding to the random access preamble may indicate the randomaccess preamble (or the random access preamble index of the randomaccess preamble).

FIG. 22 shows an example method at a base station for a random accessprocedure. The base station 1904 or the base station 2004 may performthe example method 2200. At step 2204, the base station maysend/transmit configuration parameters indicating one or more CORESET(s)of a cell. At step 2208, the base station may determine to transmit aPDCCH order initiating a random access procedure for the cell. At step2208, the base station may determine a CORESET among the one or moreCORESET(s) (e.g., for transmission of the PDCCH order). At step 2216,the base station may determine whether a TCI state, associated with theCORESET, indicates a downlink reference signal. At step 2220, the basestation may transmit the PDCCH order via the CORESET if the base stationdetermines that the TCI state associated with the CORESET indicates adownlink reference signal. At step 2224, the base station may refrainfrom transmitting the PDCCH order via the CORESET if the base stationdetermines that the TCI state associated with the CORESET does notindicate a downlink reference signal.

FIG. 23 shows an example method at a wireless device for a random accessprocedure. The wireless device 1908, the wireless device 2008, or thewireless device 2108 may perform the example method 2300. At step 2304,the base station may receive, via a CORESET, a PDCCH order initiating arandom access procedure for a cell. At step 2308, the wireless devicemay determine whether a TCI state of the CORESET indicates (e.g., isassociated with) a downlink reference signal. At step 2312, the wirelessdevice may determine a transmission power power based on the downlinkreference signal if the TCI state of the CORESET indicates a downlinkreference signal. At step 2316, the wireless device may determine asecond downlink reference signal based on one or more criteria (e.g., asdescribed with reference to FIG. 21 ) if the TCI state of the CORESETdoes not indicate a downlink reference signal. At step 2324, thewireless device may send/transmit a random access preamble based on thedetermined transmission power (e.g., as determined at step 2312 or atstep 2320).

A wireless device may receive (e.g., from a base station) a PDCCH orderinitiating a random access procedure (e.g., contention-free randomaccess procedure or a contention-based random access procedure) for acell (e.g., PCell, SCell). The wireless device may send/transmit arandom access preamble for the random access procedure, for example,based on receiving the PDCCH order.

The wireless device may be equipped with a plurality of antenna panels.Each antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels may correspond to(e.g., face, or be directed to transmit/receive to/from) a differentdirection. Each antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels maytransmit/receive via a different beam. Each antenna panel of theplurality of antenna panels may be associated with a different channelcondition/environment.

The PDCCH order may indicate an antenna panel of the plurality ofantenna panels. The antenna panel may or may not be synchronized (e.g.,uplink synchronized). The wireless device may send/transmit a randomaccess preamble, via the antenna panel indicated by the PDCCH order,based on the PDCCH order indicating the antenna panel.

In at least some types of wireless communications (e.g., compatible with3GPP Release 16, earlier/later 3GPP releases or generations, and/orother access technology), a PDCCH order, indicating an antenna panel ofa plurality of antenna panels associated with a wireless device, maycomprise a field (e.g., a panel field) indicating the antenna panel. Thepanel field may 2 bits, 3 bits, or any other quantity of bits in length.A panel indicator/index of a first antenna panel, among a plurality ofantenna panels, may be equal to a first value (e.g., 001). The PDCCHorder may indicate the first antenna panel, of the plurality of antennapanels, for example, if a value of the panel field in the PDCCH order isequal to the first value (e.g., 001). A panel indicator/index of asecond antenna panel may be equal to a second value (e.g., 101). ThePDCCH order may indicate the second antenna panel, of the plurality ofantenna panels, for example, if a value of the panel field in the PDCCHorder is equal to the second value (e.g., 101).

Inclusion of the panel field in the PDCCH order may result in increasedchannel resource requirements for transmission of the PDCCH order,and/or reduce a quantity of available reserved bits in the PDCCH order(e.g., as set by a legacy communication protocol such as 3GPP Release15, earlier/later 3GPP releases or generations, and/or other accesstechnologies). The reserved bits may be used to indicate a serving cell,a UL/DL BWP, a TRP, CORESET index, etc., and using the reserved bits toindicate a panel index may remove this potential functionality of thereserved bits. Inclusion of an additional panel field may not beefficient and may increase the size of the PDCCH order. Inclusion of thepanel field may increase resources required, at the wireless device, forblind decoding at the wireless device, which may lead to increasedbattery consumption.

Various examples described herein may implement enhanced signaling in aPDCCH order to indicate an antenna panel, for example, without addingadditional field/bits. The base station may map each antenna panel ofthe plurality of antenna panels to a respective indicator/index that maybe indicated in other fields of the PDCCH order. The wireless device maydetermine an antenna panel based on an indicator/index in a field of areceived PDCCH order.

The base station may map each antenna panel of the plurality of antennapanels to a respective random access preamble indicator/index. Thewireless device may determine an antenna panel, of the plurality ofantenna panels, mapped to a random access preamble index indicated inthe PDCCH order. The wireless device may send/transmit a random accesspreamble via the antenna panel mapped to the random access preambleindex.

The base station may map each antenna panel of the plurality of antennapanels to a respective reference signal indicator/index (e.g., SS/PBCHblock indicator/index). The wireless device may determine an antennapanel, of the plurality of antenna panels, mapped to a reference signalindex indicated in the PDCCH order. The wireless device maysend/transmit a random access preamble via the antenna panel mapped tothe reference signal index.

The base station may map each antenna panel of the plurality of antennapanels to a respective CORESET (or search space set). The wirelessdevice may determine an antenna panel, of the plurality of antennapanels, mapped to a control resource set (or a search space set) viawhich the PDCCH order is received. The wireless device may send/transmita random access preamble via the antenna panel mapped to the controlresource set (or the search space set). Determination of an antennapanel for transmission of a random access preamble as described hereinmay enable using an existing PDCCH order format without addingadditional field/bits to indicate an antenna panel. The powerconsumption due to blind decoding at the wireless device may be reducedif additional fields are not included in a PDCCH order.

FIG. 24 shows example communications for a random access procedurecomprising antenna panel determination. The example communications maybe used for determining/selecting an antenna panel, for a random accesspreamble transmission, at a multi-panle wireless device 2408. A basestation 2404 may send, to the wireless device 2408, an indication (e.g.,via a PDCCH order) indicating an antenna panel for the random accesspreamble transmission. The wireless device 2408 may select the indicatedantenna panel and send/transmit the random access preamble based on thePDCCH order.

The wireless device 2408 may receive one or more messages (e.g., at orafter time TO). The wireless device 2408 may receive the one or moremessages from the base station 2404. The one or more messages maycomprise one or more configuration parameters 2412. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may be for a cell.

The wireless device 2408 may be equipped with a plurality of antennapanels 2416 (e.g., panel 2416-1 and panel 2416-2). An antenna panel ofthe plurality of antenna panels 2416 may be in one of an active stateand a deactivated state. The active state of an antenna panel maycomprise monitoring a downlink channel/signal (e.g., a PDCCH, DCI,CSI-RS, a PDSCH) on/via/with the antenna panel. The active state of anantenna panel may comprise receiving a downlink signal (e.g., a PDCCHtransmission, DCI, CSI-RS, a PDSCH transmission) on/via/with the antennapanel. The active state of an antenna panel may comprisesending/transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., a PUCCH transmission, apreamble, a PUSCH transmission, a PRACH transmission, SRS, etc)on/via/with the antenna panel.

The deactivated state of an antenna panel may comprise not monitoring adownlink channel/signal (e.g., a PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, a PDSCH)on/via/with the antenna panel. The deactivated state of an antenna panelmay comprise not receiving a downlink signal (e.g., a PDCCHtransmission, DCI, CSI-RS, a PDSCH transmission) on/via/with the antennapanel. The deactivated state of an antenna panel may comprise nottransmitting (e.g., refraining from transmitting) an uplink signal(e.g., a PUCCH transmission, a preamble, a PUSCH transmission, a PRACHtransmission, SRS, etc) on/via/with the antenna panel.

The one or more configuration parameters may indicate panel indices(e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter) for the plurality ofantenna panels 2416. Each antenna panel of the plurality of antennapanels 2416 may be identified by a respective panel indicator/index ofthe panel indices. A first antenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-1) of theplurality of antenna panels 2416 may be indicated/identified by a firstpanel indicator/index of the panel indices. A second antenna panel(e.g., the panel 2416-2) of the plurality of antenna panels may beindicated/identified by a second panel index of the panel indices.

The one or more configuration parameters 2412 may indicate one or moreSRS resource sets for the cell (e.g., provided by a higher layerparameter SRS-ResourceSet). The one or more configuration parameters2412 may indicate SRS resource set indicators/indices (e.g., provided bya higher layer parameter SRS-ResourceSetId) for the one or more SRSresource sets. Each SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resourcesets may be indicated/identified by a respective one SRS resource setindicator/index of the SRS resource set indicators/indices. A first SRSresource set of the one or more SRS resource sets may beindicated/identified by a first SRS resource set indicator/index. Asecond SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets may beidentified by a second SRS resource set indicator/index.

The wireless device 2408 may send/transmit a first SRS for the first SRSresource set via a first antenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-1) of theplurality of antenna panels 2416. The wireless device 2408 maysend/transmit a second SRS for the second SRS resource set via a secondantenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-2) of the plurality of antennapanels 2416. Each SRS resource set may be associated with a respectiveantenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels 2416. The first SRSresource set index may indicate/identify the first antenna panel. Thesecond SRS resource set index may indicate/identify the second antennapanel. The first panel index and the first SRS resource set index may bethe same. The second panel index and the second SRS resource set indexmay be the same. Each antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels2416 may be identified by a respective one SRS resource set index of theSRS resource set indices. The first panel index may be equal to thefirst SRS resource set index, for example, based on the transmittingfirst SRS for the first SRS resource set via the first antenna panel.The second panel index may be equal to the second SRS resource setindex, for example, based on the transmitting second SRS for the secondSRS resource set via the second antenna panel.

The one or more configuration parameters 2412 may indicate one or moreCORESETs for the cell. The wireless device 2408 may receive a PDCCHorder 2420 (e.g., at or after time T1) initiating a random accessprocedure. The wireless device 2408 may receive the PDCCH order 2420 viaan active antenna panel (e.g., the panel 2412-1) of the plurality ofantenna panels 2412. The wireless device 2408 may receive the PDCCHorder 2420 via a CORESET of the one or more CORESETs. The random accessprocedure may be a contention-free random access procedure (e.g.,non-contention based random access procedure). The wireless device 2408may initiate the random access procedure for the cell. The PDCCH order2420 may initiate/trigger the random access procedure for the cell. Thewireless device 2408 may initiate the random access procedure based onthe receiving the PDCCH order 2420. The PDCCH order 2420 may indicate arandom access preamble indicator/index. The PDCCH order 2420 mayindicate a reference signal indicator/index.

FIG. 25 shows example associations/mappings between one or more randomaccess preamble indicators/indices 2504 and a plurality of antennapanels 2508 at a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2408). Theone or more random access preamble indicators/indices 2504 may comprisea preamble index 1, a preamble index 2, . . . , a preamble index K. Theplurality of antenna panels 2508 may comprise antenna panel 1, . . . ,antenna panel N. One or more configuration paramaters (e.g., the one ormore configuration parameters 2412) may indicate theassociations/mappings. The associations may be one to one (e.g.,preamble index j may be associated with (or mapped to) an antenna paneln and may not be associated with (or mapped to) an antenna panel m thatis different than Antenna panel n). The associations may be many to one(e.g., preamble index 1 and preamble index 2 may be associated with (ormapped to) antenna panel 1; preamble index K−1 and preamble index K maybe associated with (or mapped to) Antenna panel N). The associations maybe one to many. The wireless device may send/transmit a random accesspreamble via antenna panel 1 associated with (or mapped to) the preambleindex 1 in a PDCCH order (e.g., the PDCCH order 2420), for example, ifthe wireless device receives the PDCCH order comprising preambleindex 1. The wireless device may send/transmit a random access preamblevia antenna panel N associated with (or mapped to) the preamble index Kin a PDCCH order, for example, if the wireless device receives a PDCCHorder comprising preamble index K. A random access preamble index of theone or more random access preamble indices 2504 being associated with(or mapped to) an antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels 2508may comprise that the random access preamble index is associated with(or mapped to) a panel index of the antenna panel. One or moreconfiguration parameters (e.g., the one or more configuration parameters2412) may indicate the panel index for the random access preamble index.The one or more configuration parameters may associate (or map) thepanel index with (or to) the random access preamble index. The panelindices may comprise the panel index.

The PDCCH order (e.g., the PDCCH order 2420) may comprise a randomaccess preamble index (e.g., preamble index j) of the one or more randomaccess preamble indices 2504. The PDCCH order may comprise at least oneof: random access preamble indicator/index, an SUL indicator (e.g.,UL/SUL indicator), a SS/PBCH indicator/index, and/or a PRACH maskindicator/index. The random access preamble indicator/index may indicatea random access preamble to use in the random access procedure. The SULindicator may indicate whether to transmit the random access preamble ona SUL carrier or a NUL carrier. The SS/PBCH indicator/index may be usedto identify a group of RACH occasions. The PRACH mask indicator/indexmay indicate a relative RACH occasion index that corresponds to theindicated SS/PBCH indicator/index.

The PDCCH order 2420 may indicate an antenna panel (e.g., the panel2416-2) of the plurality of antenna panels 2416. The PDCCH order 2420indicating the antenna panel may comprise that the random accesspreamble index in the PDCCH order 2420 may be associated with (or mappedto) the antenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-2). The wireless device 2408may determine the antenna panel, of the plurality of antenna panels2416, associated with (or mapped to) the random-access preamble index inthe PDCCH order 2420, for example, based on the one or more associations(or mappings) between the one or more random access preamble indices andthe plurality of antenna panels. The wireless device 2408 maysend/transmit a random access preamble 2424 via the determined antennapanel (e.g., panel 2416-2). The random access preamble 2424 maycorrespond to the random-access preamble index in the PDCCH order 2420.The wireless device may activate the panel 2416-2 (e.g., prior totransmitting the random access preamble 2424) based on receiving thePDCCH order 2420 if the panel 2416-2 is inactive.

FIG. 26 shows example associations/mappings between one or morereference signal indicators/indices 2604 and a plurality of antennapanels 2608 at a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2408). Theone or more reference signal indicators/indices 2604 may comprise one ormore of SS/PBCH index, RS index 1, RS index 2, . . . RS index K. Theplurality of antenna panels 2608 may comprise antenna panel 1, . . .antenna panel N. One or more configuration paramaters (e.g., the one ormore configuration parameters 2412) may indicate theassociations/mappings. The associations may be one to one (e.g., RSindex j may be associated with (or mapped to) an antenna panel n and RSindex j may not be associated with (or mapped to) an antenna panel mthat is different from the antenna panel n). The associations may bemany to one (e.g., RS index 1 and RS index 2 may be associated with (ormapped to) antenna panel 1; RS index K−1 and RS index K may beassociated with (or mapped to) antenna panel N). The associations may beone to many. The wireless device may send/transmit a random accesspreamble via antenna Panel 1 associated with (or mapped to) the RS index1 in a PDCCH order (e.g., the PDCCH order 2420), for example, if thewireless device receives the PDCCH order comprising RS index 1 (e.g.,SS/PBCH index). The wireless device may send/transmit a random accesspreamble via antenna Panel N associated with (or mapped to) the RS indexK in a PDCCH order, for example, if the wireless device receives a PDCCHorder comprising RS index K (e.g., SS/PBCH index). A reference signalindex (e.g., SS/PBCH index) of the one or more reference signal indicesbeing associated with (or mapped to) an antenna panel of the pluralityof antenna panels may comprise that the reference signal index isassociated with (or mapped to) a panel index of the antenna panel. Oneor more configuration parameters (e.g., the one or more configurationparameters 2412) may indicate the panel index for the reference signalindex. The one or more configuration parameters may associate (or map)the panel index with (or to) the reference signal index. The panelindices may comprise the panel index.

The PDCCH order 2420 may comprise a reference signal index (e.g.,SS/PBCH index) of the one or more reference signal indices. Thereference signal index may indicate an indicated SS/PBCH index toidentify a group of RACH occasions. The PDCCH order 2420 may indicate anantenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-2) of the plurality of antennapanels 2416. The PDCCH order 2420 indicating the antenna panel (e.g.,the panel 2416-2) may comprise that the reference signal index in thePDCCH order 2420 may be associated with (or mapped to) the antenna panel(e.g., the panel 2416-2). The wireless device 2408 may determine anantenna panel, of the plurality of antenna panels 2416, associated with(or mapped to) the reference signal index in the PDCCH order 2420, forexample, based on the one or more associations (or mappings) between theone or more reference signal indices and the plurality of antenna panels2416. The wireless device 2408 may send/transmit a random accesspreamble 2424 via the determined antenna panel (e.g., panel 2416-2). Thewireless device may activate the panel 2416-2 (e.g., prior totransmitting the random access preamble 2424) based on receiving thePDCCH order 2420 if the panel 2416-2 is inactive.

FIG. 27 shows example associations (or mappings) between CORESETindicators/indices 2704 of one or more CORESETs and a plurality ofantenna panels 2708 at a wireless device (e.g., the wirless device2408). The CORESET indicators/indices 2704 may comprise CORESET index 1,CORESET index 2, . . . CORESET index K. The CORESET indicators/indices2704 may provided by a higher layer parameter (e.g.,ControlResourceSetId). The plurality of antenna panels 2708 may compriseantenna panel 1, . . . antenna panel N. One or more configurationparamaters (e.g., the one or more configuration parameters 2412) mayindicate the associations/mappings. The associations may be one to one(e.g., CORESET index j may be associated with (or mapped to) antennapanel n). The associations may be many to one (e.g., CORESET index 1 andCORESET index 2 may be associated with (or mapped to) antenna panel 1;CORESET index K−1 and CORESET index K may be associated with (or mappedto) antenna panel N). The associations may be one to many. The wirelessdevice may send/transmit a random access preamble via antenna Panel 1associated with (or mapped to) the CORESET index 1, for example, if thewireless device receives a PDCCH order (e.g., the PDCCH order 2420) viaa CORESET identified with the CORESET index 1. The wireless device maysend/transmit a random access preamble via antenna Panel N associatedwith (or mapped to) the CORESET index K, for example, if the wirelessdevice receives a PDCCH order (e.g., the PDCCH order 2420) via a CORESETidentified by a CORESET index K. A CORESET index of the CORESET indicesbeing associated with (or mapped to) an antenna panel of the pluralityof antenna panels may comprise that the CORESET index is associated with(or mapped to) a panel index of the antenna panel. The one or moreconfiguration parameters (e.g., the one or more configuration parameters2412) may indicate the panel index for a CORESET identified by theCORESET index. The one or more configuration parameters may associate(or map) the panel index with (or to) the CORESET index. The panelindices may comprise the panel index.

The wireless device 2408 may receive the PDCCH order 2420 via a CORESETof the one or more CORESETs. The CORESET may be identified by a CORESETindex of the CORESET indices. The PDCCH order 2420 may indicate anantenna panel (e.g., panel 2416-2) of the plurality of antenna panels2416. The PDCCH order 2420 indicating the antenna panel may comprisethat the CORESET index of the CORESET via which the wireless device 2408receives the PDCCH order 2420 may be associated with (or mapped to) theantenna panel. The wireless device 2408 may determine the antenna panel(e.g., panel 2416-2), of the plurality of antenna panels 2416,associated with (or mapped to) the CORESET index of the CORESET viawhich the PDCCH order 2420 is received, for example, based on the one ormore associations (or mappings) between the CORESET indices and theplurality of antenna panels 2416. The wireless device 2408 maysend/transmit a random access preamble 2424 via the determined antennapanel (e.g., panel 2416-2). The wireless device may activate the panel2416-2 (e.g., prior to transmitting the random access preamble 2424)based on receiving the PDCCH order 2420 if the panel 2416-2 is inactive.

The one or more configuration parameters 2412 may indicate one or moresearch space sets for an active downlink BWP of the cell (e.g., asprovided by a higher layer parameter SearchSpace). The one or moreconfiguration parameters 2412 may indicate one or more search space setsfor the cell (e.g., as provided by a higher layer parameterSearchSpace).

The one or more configuration parameters 2412 may indicate search spaceset indicators/indices for the one or more search space sets (e.g.,provided by a higher layer parameter searchSpaceId). Each search spaceset of the one or more search space sets may be indicated/identified bya respective search space set indicator/index of the search space setindicators/indices. A first search space set of the one or more searchspace sets may be identified by a first search space set index of thesearch space set indices. A second search space set of the one or moresearch space sets may be identified by a second search space set indexof the search space set indices.

FIG. 28 shows example associations/mappings between search space setindicators/indices 2804 and a plurality of antenna panels 2808 at awireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2408). The search space setindicators/indices 2704 may comprise search space set index 1, searchspace set index 2, . . . search space set index K. The plurality ofantenna panels 2808 may comprise antenna panel 1, . . . antenna panel N.One or more configuration paramaters (e.g., the one or moreconfiguration parameters 2412) may indicate the associations/mappings.The associations may be one to one (e.g., search space set index j maybe associated with (or mapped to) antenna panel n). The associations maybe many to one (e.g., search space set index 1 and search space setindex 2 may be associated with (or mapped to) antenna panel 1; searchspace set index K−1 and search space set index K may be associated with(or mapped to) antenna panel N). The associations may be one to many.The wireless device send/transmit a random access preamble via antennapanel 1 associated with (or mapped to) the search space set index 1, forexample, if the wireless device receives a PDCCH order via a searchspace set indicated/identified by a search space set index 1. Thewireless device may send/transmit a random access preamble via antennapanel N associated with (or mapped to) the search space set index K, forexample, if the wireless device receives a PDCCH order via a searchspace set indicated/identified by a search space set index K. A searchspace set index of the search space set indices being associated with(or mapped to) an antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels maycomprise the search space set index is associated with (or mapped to) apanel index of the antenna panel. The one or more configurationparameters may indicate the panel index for a search space setidentified by the search space set index. The one or more configurationparameters may associate (or map) the panel index with (or to) thesearch space set index. The panel indices may comprise the panel index.

The wireless device 2408 may receive the PDCCH order 2420 via a searchspace set of the one or more search space sets. The search space set maybe identified by a search space set index of the search space setindices. The PDCCH order 2420 may indicate an antenna panel (e.g., thepanel 2416-2) of the plurality of antenna panels 2416. The PDCCH order2420 indicating the antenna panel may comprise that the search space setindex of the search space set via which the wireless device 2408receives the PDCCH order 2420 may be associated with (or mapped to) theantenna panel. The wireless device 2408 may determine an antenna panel(e.g., the panel 2416-2), of the plurality of antenna panels 2416,associated with (or mapped to) the search space set index of the searchspace via which that the PDCCH order 2420 is received, for example,based on the one or more associations (or mappings) between the searchspace set indices and the plurality of antenna panels 2416. The wirelessdevice 2408 may send/transmit a random access preamble 2424 via thedetermined antenna panel (e.g., panel 2416-2). The wireless device mayactivate the panel 2416-2 (e.g., prior to transmitting the random accesspreamble 2424) based on receiving the PDCCH order 2420 if the panel2416-2 is inactive.

The wireless device 2408 may receive the PDCCH order 2420 in a searchspace set of a CORESET. The search space may be linked to (or associatedwith) the CORESET. The search space set may be CSS set. The search spaceset may be a wireless device (e.g., UE) specific search space (USS) set.

A search space set of the one or more search space sets may beassociated with (or linked to) a CORESET of the one or more CORESETs.The one or more configuration parameters 2412 may indicate the CORESET(or a CORESET indicator/index of the CORESET) for the search space set(e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter controlResourceSetId in thehigher layer parameter SearchSpace). The association (or the linkage)may be one-to-one. The association being one-to-one may comprise thatthe search space set may be associated with (or linked to) the CORESETand may not be associated (or linked to) a second CORESET that isdifferent from the CORESET.

The wireless device 2408 may receive the PDCCH order 2420 via an activeantenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-1) different from the antenna panel(e.g., the panel 2416-2) indicated by the PDCCH order 2420. Theplurality of antenna panels 2416 may comprise the active antenna panel.The active antenna panel may be in an active state.

The PDCCH order 2420 indicating the antenna panel may comprise that anew index/indicator in the PDCCH order 2420 may indicate a panel indexof the antenna panel. A value of the new indicator/index may be equal to(or the same as) the panel index of an antenna panel. The newindicator/index in the PDCCH order 2420 may be equal to a first panelindex of a first antenna panel (e.g., the panel 1 2416-2). The PDCCHorder 2420 may indicate the first antenna panel, for example, based onthe new index being equal to the first panel index of the first antennapanel. The new indicator/index in the PDCCH order 2420 may be equal to asecond panel index of a second antenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-2).The PDCCH order 2420 may indicate the second antenna panel, for example,based on the new index being equal to the second panel index of thesecond antenna panel. The wireless device 2408 may send/transmit arandom access preamble 2424 via the indicated antenna panel (e.g., panel2416-2). The wireless device may activate the panel 2416-2 (e.g., priorto transmitting the random access preamble 2424) based on receiving thePDCCH order 2420 if the panel 2416-2 is inactive.

The wireless device 2408 may determine that the antenna panel (e.g., thepanel 2416-2) indicated by the PDCCH order 2420 is in a deactivatedstate (e.g., or not in an active state, in an inactive state). Thewireless device 2408 may activate the antenna panel, for example, basedon the determining that the antenna panel indicated by the PDCCH order2420 is in the deactivated state. The activating the antenna panel maycomprise transitioning the antenna panel into an active state (e.g.,from the deactivated state).

The wireless device 2408 may send/transmit a random access preamble 2424for the random access procedure (e.g., at or after time T2), forexample, based on the receiving the PDCCH order 2420. The wirelessdevice 2408 may transmit the random access preamble 2424 via at leastone random access resource (e.g., a PRACH occasion) of an active uplinkBWP of the cell. The wireless device 2408 may transmit the random accesspreamble 2424 via/with the antenna panel (e.g., the panel 2416-2)indicated by the PDCCH order 2420. The wireless device 2408 may transmitthe random access preamble 2424 via/with the antenna panel indicated bythe PDCCH order 2420, for example, based on the activating the antennapanel.

FIG. 29 shows an example method for a random access procedure at awireless device. The wireless device 2408 may perform the example method2900. At step 2904, the wireless device may receive configurationparameters indicating a plurality of antenna panels. At step 2908, thewireless device may receive a PDCCH order initating a random accessprocedure. The PDCCH order may indicate an antenna panel. The PDCCHorder may indicate the antenna panel based on one or moremappings/associations as described above with reference to FIGS. 24-28 .At step 2912, the wireless device may determine whether the indicatedantenna panel is active. At step 2916, the wireless device may activatethe indicated antenna panel if the indicated antenna panel is notactive. At step 2920, the wireless device may transmit, via the antennapanel, a random access preamble for the random-axccess procedure.

FIG. 30 shows an example method for a random access procedure at awireless device. The wireless device 2408 may perform the example method3000. At step 3004, the wireless device may receive configurationparameters indicating a plurality of antenna panels, andassociations/mappings between the plurality of antenna panels and one ormore attributes associated with a PDCCH order. The one or moreattributes may comprise preamble indicators/indices, reference signalindicators/indices, CORESET indicators/indices, and/or search space setindicators/indices. At step 3008, the wireless device may receive aPDCCH order initiating a random access procedure. At step 3012, thewireless device may determine an antenna panel, among the plurality ofantenna panels, based on an attribute (e.g., preamble indicator,reference signal indicator, CORESET indicator, search space setindicator) of the PDCCH order and the associations/mappings. At step3016, the wireless device may send/transmit, via the determined antennapanel, a random access preamble for the random/access procedure.

A wireless device may receive (e.g., from a base station) a PDCCH orderinitiating a randomaccess procedure (e.g., contention-free random accessprocedure or a contention-based random access procedure) for a cell(e.g., PCell, SCell). The wireless device may send/transmit a randomaccess preamble for the random access procedure. The wireless device maytransmit the random access preamble, for example, after a time durationfollowing the reception of the PDCCH order. The wireless device maydetermine the time duration based on various considerations. Thewireless device may use, to determine the time duration, at least oneof, for example: a BWP switching delay, a PUSCH preparation time, and/oroperating frequency/frequency ranges (e.g., sub-6 GHz frequency range,410 MHz-7.225 GHz frequency range, frequency range FR1, 6 GHz, 23 GHz,24.25 GHZ-52.6 GHz frequency range, frequency range FR2, or any otherfrequency/frequency range). The base station may determine the timeduration and/or an expected time at which the random access preamble maybe received, from the wireless device, based on one or more of the BWPswitching delay, the PUSCH preparation time, and/or the operatingfrequency/frequency ranges.

In at least some types of wireless communications (e.g., compatible with3GPP Release 16, earlier/later 3GPP releases or generations, and/orother access technology), an antenna panel indicated by a PDCCH ordermay be in a deactivated state (e.g., inactive, not active). A wirelessdevice may determine/need to activate the antenna panel, as indicated inthe PDCCH order, for transmission of the random access preamble. Antennapanel activation at the wireless device may be associated with anantenna panel activation delay (e.g., 1 ms, 2 ms, 3 ms, or any otherduration of time). The wireless device may activate the antenna panelwithin the antenna panel activation delay.

Determination of a time (e.g., at the wireless device) of transmissionof a random access preamble and/or the expected time of reception of therandom access preamble (e.g., at the base station)_without accountingfor an antenna panel activation delay (e.g., based solely on BWPswitching delay, PUSCH preparation time, and/or operatingfrequency/frequency range) may result in communication inefficienciesand synchronization issues between the wireless device and the basestation. For example, the wireless device may attempt to send/transmitthe random access preamble before an antenna panel is activated. Thebase station may expect the random access preamble to arrive at a timethat is earlier than a time at which the preamble may actually bereceived at the base station. The base station may expect the randomaccess preamble to arrive at a time that is earlier than a time at whichthe wireless device may activate the antenna panel for preambletransmission and transmit the preamble. Untimely transmission of therandom access preamble may lead to the base station missing the randomaccess preamble, which may result in the wireless device needing toretransmit the random access preamble. The retransmission of the randomaccess preamble may increase the power consumption at the wirelessdevice, increase the uplink interference to other cells/devices, and/orincrease the duration/latency of the random access procedure.

Various examples described herein provide an enhanced procedure forcalculating/determining a time for transmission of a random accesspreamble at a wireless device, at a base station, or at any devicetransmitting and/or receiving a message. The enhanced procedures mayaccount for an antenna panel activation delay at the wireless device,for example, if the wireless device activates an antenna panel based onreceiving a PDCCH order indicating the antenna panel. Determining thetime of transmission/reception of the random access preamble maycomprise determining a time duration between a reception of the PDCCHorder at the wireless device and the time of transmission of the randomaccess preamble from the wireless device.

The wireless device may determine the time duration (and/or the time oftransmission of the random-access preamble) based on at least one of,for example: an antenna panel activation delay, a BWP switching delay, aPUSCH preparation time and/or an operation frequency/frequency range.The time duration may be based on (e.g., equal to, or greater than) theantenna panel activation delay. The time duration may be based on theantenna panel activation delay and the BWP switching delay. The timeduration may be a sum of the antenna panel activation delay and the BWPswitching delay. The wireless device may not switch to an active uplinkBWP and activate an antenna panel in parallel (e.g., simultaneously).The time duration may be based on (e.g., be equal to) a larger of theantenna panel activation delay and the BWP switching delay. The wirelessdevice may switch to an active uplink BWP and activate an antenna panelin parallel (e.g., simultaneously).

The base station may determine the time duration (and/or the time ofreception of the random access preamble, and/or a second time durationbetween the transmission of the PDCCH order and the reception of therandom-access preamble) based on at least one of, for example: anantenna panel activation delay, a BWP switching delay, a PUSCHpreparation time and/or an operation frequency/frequency range. The basestation may determine the time duration (and/or the estimated time ofreception and/or the second time duration) based on one or moreconsiderations as described herein with respect to determination of thetime duration at the wireless device. Determination of the time durationas described herein may improve random access preamble detection, reducerandom access preamble retransmissions, reduce uplinkoverhead/retransmissions and interference, reduce wireless device andbase station battery power consumption, and/or reduce delay/latency ofrandom access procedure.

FIG. 31 shows example communications for a random access procedureaccommodating an antenna panel activation delay at a wireless device. Abase station 3104 may send, to the wireless device 2408, an indication(e.g., via a PDCCH order) indicating an antenna panel for the randomaccess preamble transmission. The wireless device 3108 may select theindicated antenna panel and send/transmit the random access preamblebased on the PDCCH order. The base station may determine a time durationbetween the transmission of the PDCCH order and a reception of therandom access preamble based on the antenna panel activation delay.

The base station 3104 and the wireless device 3108 may be configured ina similar manner as, and perform one or more operations as describedwith reference to, the base station 2404 and the wireless device 2408,respectively. The configuration parameters 3112 and the PDDCH order 3120may be similar to the configuration parameters 2412 and the PDCCH order2420, respectively. The PDDCH order 3120 may indicate an antenna panel(e.g., panel 3116-2) of a plurality of antenna panels 3316 at thewireless device, for example, as described with reference to one or moreexamples corresponding to FIGS. 24-28 . The wireless device 3108 maysend/transmit, via the indicated antenna panel, a random access preamble3124.

The wireless device may receive the PDCCH order 3120 in one or morefirst symbols (e.g., symbol n−1, symbol n as shown in FIG. 31 ). Thewireless device 3104 may send/transmit the random access preamble 3124in one or more second symbols (e.g., symbol m−1, symbol m as shown inFIG. 31 ). A time duration ΔT between a last symbol (e.g., symbol n) ofthe one or more first symbols (via which the PDCCH order 3120) isreceived and a first symbol (e.g., symbol m−1) of the one or more secondsymbols (via which the random access preamble 3124 is transmitted) maybe based on an antenna panel activation delay. The wireless device 3108may determine/calculate the time duration ΔT. The time duration may ΔTbe determined in units of ms, seconds, or any other units of time.Determining the time duration ΔT may comprise determining a symbol, timeslot, slot, mini-slot, frame and/or subframe for the transmission of therandom access preamble 3124.

The time duration ΔT may be determined based on an uplink transmission(e.g., a PUSCH transmission) preparation time (e.g., N_(T,2)), a BWPswitching delay (e.g., Δ_(BWPSwitching)), a delay based on an operatingfrequency/frequency range (e.g., Δ_(Delay)), and/or an antenna panelactivation delay (e.g., Δ_(AP,delay)) The time duration ΔT may be largerthan or equal to a sum of one or more of a first time duration (e.g.,N_(T,2)), a second time duration (e.g., Δ_(BWPSwitching)), a third timeduration (Δ_(Delay)), and/or the antenna panel activation delay (e.g.,Δ_(AP,delay)). For example, time duration ΔT may be determined as:

ΔT≥N _(T,2)+Δ_(BWPSwitching)+Δ_(Delay)ΔΔ_(AP,delay)

The time duration ΔT may be larger than or equal to a sum of the firsttime duration (e.g., N_(T,2)), the third time duration (e.g.,Δ_(Delay)), and a maximum of the second time duration (e.g.,Δ_(BWPSwitching)) and the antenna panel activation delay (e.g.,Δ_(AP,delay)). For example, time duration ΔT may be determined as:

ΔT≥N _(T,2)+Δ_(Delay)+maximum(Δ_(BWPSwitching),Δ_(AP,delay))

The maximum of the second time duration (e.g., Δ_(BWPSwitching)) and theantenna panel activation delay (e.g., Δ_(AP,delay)) may be equal to thesecond time duration if the second time duration is greater than orequal to the antenna panel activation delay. The maximum of the secondtime duration and the antenna panel activation delay may be equal to theantenna panel activation delay if the antenna panel activation delay isgreater than or equal to the second time duration.

The first time duration (e.g., N_(T,2)) may comprise a time durationcorresponding to a number of symbols (e.g., N₂). Each symbol maycorrespond to a particular duration of time. The number of symbols maycorrespond to the PUSCH preparation time based on processing capabilityof the wireless device 3108. The second time duration (e.g.,Δ_(BWPSwitching)) may be zero if the PDCCH order 3120 does not trigger achange of an active uplink BWP. The PDCCH order 3120 may not trigger thechange of the active uplink BWP if the active uplink BWP of the cellcomprises PRACH resources (e.g., PRACH occasions). The second timeduration may be non-zero (e.g., 1 ms, 2 ms, 3 ms, or any other durationof time) if the PDCCH order 3120 triggers an active uplink BWP change.The PDCCH order 3120 may trigger the active uplink BWP change if theactive uplink BWP of the cell does not comprise PRACH resources (e.g.,PRACH occasions). The third time duration (Δ_(Delay)) may depend on/bebased on the frequency range in which the cell operates. The third timeduration may be equal to 0.5 ms (or any other quantity), for example, ifthe cell operates at a first frequency range (e.g., frequency range 1,FR1, sub-6 GHz frequency range). The third time duration may be equal to0.25 ms (or any other quantity), for example, if the cell operates at asecond (e.g., frequency range 2, FR2, above-6 GHz frequency range).

The antenna panel activation delay may be non-zero (e.g., 1 ms, 2 ms, 3ms, or any other quantity) if the PDCCH order 3120 triggers an activeantenna panel change. The antenna panel activation delay may be non-zerobased on the wireless device 3108 activating the antenna panel indicatedby the PDCCH order 3120. The antenna panel activation delay may benon-zero if the PDCCH order 3120 indicates an antenna panel that is in adeactivated state. The wireless device 3108 may complete activating theantenna panel within the antenna panel activation delay. The wirelessdevice may start activating the antenna panel at a first time (e.g.,symbol, slot, frame, mini-slot). The wireless device 3108 mayfinish/complete activating the antenna panel at (or before) a secondtime which may be equal to a sum of the first time and the antenna panelactivation delay.

The antenna panel activation delay may be zero if the PDCCH order 3120does not trigger an active antenna panel change. The antenna panelactivation delay may be zero if the wireless device 3120 does notactivate an antenna panel indicated by the PDCCH order 3120. The antennapanel activation delay may be zero if the PDCCH order 3120 indicates anantenna panel that is in an activated state.

The wireless device 3108 may send/transmit the random access preamble3124 based on the time duration ΔT (e.g., at or after time T2). Thewireless device 3108 may transmit the random access preamble 3124, forexample, at (or after) a time (e.g., symbol, time slot, slot, mini-slot,frame and/or subframe) that is after the time duration ΔT (e.g.,following the reception of the PDCCH order 3120). The wireless device3108 may start transmitting the random access preamble at a symbol(e.g., first symbol, symbol m−1), for example, after the time durationΔT (e.g., following the reception of the PDCCH order 3120).

The base station 3104 may receive the random access preamble 3124 basedon the time duration ΔT. The base station 3104 may receive the randomaccess preamble 3124, for example, at (or after) a time (e.g., symbol,slot, mini-slot, frame and/or subframe) that is after the time durationΔT (e.g., following the transmission of the PDCCH order 3120). The basestation 3104 may start receiving the random access preamble at a symbol,for example, after the time duration ΔT (e.g., following the receptionof the PDCCH order 3120). The base station 3104 may determine a time ofreception of the random access preamble based on a round-trip transittime between the base station 3104 and the wireless device 3108 and thetime duration ΔT.

FIG. 32 shows an example method for a random access procedure at awireless device. The wireless device 3108 may perform the example method3200. At step 3204, the wireless device may receive configurationparamaters indicating a plurality of antenna panels. For example, theconfiguration parameters may indicate panel indices (for the pluralityof antenna panels. At step 3208, the wireless device may receive a PDCCHorder initiating a random access procedure. The PDCCH order may furtherindicate an antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels (e.g., asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 24-28 ). At step 3216, the wirelessdevice may determine a time of transmission of a random access preamble(e.g., associated with the random access procedure) based on an antennapanel activation delay, for example, if the indicated antenna panel isnot active at the wireless device. At step 3220, the wireless device mayactivate the indicated antenna panel. At step 3228, the wireless devicemay determine a time of transmission of the random access preamble(e.g., using a set of parameters that does not include an antenna panelactivation delay), for example, if the indicated antenna panel is activeat the wireless device. Determining the time of transmission of therandom access preamble may comprise determining a time duration betweena reception of the PDCCH order and the transmission of the random-accespreamble. At step 3224, the wireless device may send/transmit, via the(activated) antenna panel and based on the time of transmission, therandom access preamble.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive an indication to initiate a randomaccess procedure, and an indication of an antenna panel for the randomaccess procedure. The wireless device may activate the antenna panel forthe random access procedure. The wireless device may determine, based onan antenna panel activation delay, a slot (e.g., time slot) fortransmission of a random access preamble associated with the randomaccess procedure. The wireless device may transmit, in the slot and viathe activated antenna panel, the random access preamble. The wirelessdevice may also perform one or more additional operations. The wirelessdevice may receive one or more configuration parameters, wherein the oneor more configuration parameters indicate associations between one ormore random access preamble indexes and a plurality of antenna panels atthe wireless device, wherein the receiving the indication of the antennapanel comprises receiving a random access preamble index associated withthe antenna panel. The wireless device may, based on the receiving theindication to initiate the random access procedure, switching from afirst active uplink bandwidth part (BWP) to a second active uplink BWP.The determining the slot for the transmission of the random accesspreamble may be further based on a bandwidth part (BWP) switching delay.The receiving the indication to initiate the random access procedure maycomprise receiving, via a second antenna panel different from theantenna panel, the indication to initiate the random access procedure.The wireless device may receive one or more configuration parameters,wherein the one or more configuration parameters may indicateassociations between one or more reference signal indexes and aplurality of antenna panels at the wireless device and wherein thereceiving the indication of the antenna panel may comprise receiving areference signal index associated with the antenna panel. The receivingthe indication to initiate the random access procedure and theindication of the antenna panel may comprise receiving a physicaldownlink control channel (PDCCH) order comprising the indication toinitiate the random access procedure and the indication of the antennapanel. The determining the slot may be based on determining a timeduration between the receiving the indication to initiate the randomaccess procedure and the transmitting the random access preamble,wherein the time duration may be based on at least one of a sum or amaximum of: the antenna panel activation delay; and a bandwidth part(BWP) switching delay. The receiving the indication of the antenna panelmay comprise receiving at least one of: a sounding reference signal(SRS) resource set index; a reference signal index; a synchronizationsignal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) index. The receiving theindication of the antenna panel comprises receiving a random accesspreamble index associated with the antenna panel, and wherein thetransmitting the random access preamble comprises transmitting therandom access preamble associated with the random access preamble index.The wireless device may receiving one or more configuration parameters,wherein the one or more configuration parameters may indicateassociations between one or more control resource set (CORESET) indexesand a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wireless device), andwherein the receiving the indication of the antenna panel may comprisereceiving the indication to initiate the random access procedure via aCORESET with a CORESET index associated with the antenna panel. Thewireless device may receive one or more configuration parameters,wherein the one or more configuration parameters may indicateassociations between one or more search space set indexes and aplurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wireless device), and whereinthe receiving the indication of the antenna panel may comprise receivingthe indication to initiate the random access procedure via a searchspace set associated with the antenna panel. The receiving theindication to initiate the random access procedure may comprisereceiving the indication to initiate the random access procedure in asecond slot, wherein a time duration between a last symbol of the secondslot and the first symbol of the slot may be based on the antenna panelactivation delay. The activating the antenna panel may comprise startingactivation of the antenna panel in a second slot and completing theactivation the antenna panel at a third slot that is within the antennapanel activation delay following the second slot. The activating theantenna panel may comprise at least one of: receiving a downlink signalvia the antenna panel; or transmitting an uplink signal via the antennapanel. The wireless device may receive one or more messages comprisingone or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate a plurality of panel indexes for aplurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wireless device). Therandom-access procedure may be a contention-free random-accessprocedure. A wireless device may comprise one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the wireless device to perform the described method,additional operations and/or include the additional elements. A systemmay comprise a wireless device configured to perform the describedmethod, additional operations and/or include the additional elements;and a base station configured to send the indication to initiate therandom access procedure. A computer-readable medium may storeinstructions that, when executed, cause performance of the describedmethod, additional operations and/or include the additional elements.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive, via a first antenna panel, one or moreindications to initiate a random access procedure via a second antennapanel, wherein the second antenna panel may be in a deactivated state.The wireless device may determine, based on an antenna panel activationdelay, a slot for transmission of a random access preamble associatedwith the random access procedure. The wireless device may transmit, inthe slot and via the second antenna panel, the random access preamble.The wireless device may also perform one or more additional operations.The wireless device may activate the second antenna panel for the randomaccess procedure, wherein the one or more indications may comprise anindication of the second antenna panel. The wireless device may, basedon the receiving the one or more indications, switching from a firstactive uplink bandwidth part (BWP) to a second active uplink BWP. Thedetermining the slot for the transmission of the random access preamblemay be further based on a bandwidth part (BWP) switching delay. Thewireless device may receive one or more configuration parameters,wherein the one or more configuration parameters may indicateassociations between one or more random access preamble indexes and aplurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wireless device), and whereinthe one or more indications may comprise a random access preamble indexassociated with the second antenna panel. The wireless device mayreceive one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate associations between one or morereference signal indexes and a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., at thewireless device), and wherein the one or more indications may comprise areference signal index associated with the second antenna panel. Thereceiving the one or more indications may comprise receiving a physicaldownlink control channel (PDCCH) order comprising the one or moreindications. A wireless device may comprise one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the wireless device to perform the described method,additional operations and/or include the additional elements. A systemmay comprise a wireless device configured to perform the describedmethod, additional operations and/or include the additional elements;and a base station configured to send the one or more indications toinitiate the random access procedure. A computer-readable medium maystore instructions that, when executed, cause performance of thedescribed method, additional operations and/or include the additionalelements.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive one or more configuration parameters,wherein the configuration parameters may comprise an indication of arandom access preamble index associated with an antenna panel. Thewireless device may receive one or more indications to initiate a randomaccess procedure, wherein the one or more indications comprise therandom access preamble index. The wireless device may, based on the oneor more indications: switch from a first active uplink bandwidth part(BWP) to a second active uplink BWP; and determine the antenna panelassociated with the random access preamble index. The wireless devicemay determine, based on an antenna panel activation delay and a BWPswitching delay, a time duration between the receiving the one or moreindications and transmission of a random access preamble. The wirelessdevice may transmit, in a slot based on the time duration, the randomaccess preamble. The one or more indications may comprise at least oneof: a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource set index; a referencesignal index; or a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel(SS/PBCH) index. The random access preamble may be indicated by therandom access preamble index. The time duration may be based on at leastone of a sum or a maximum of: the antenna panel activation delay; andthe BWP switching delay. The wireless device may determine the slot bydetermining an available slot that is after the time duration. Awireless device may comprise one or more processors; and memory storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, causethe wireless device to perform the described method, additionaloperations and/or include the additional elements. A system may comprisea wireless device configured to perform the described method, additionaloperations and/or include the additional elements; and a base stationconfigured to send the one or more indications to initiate the randomaccess procedure. A computer-readable medium may store instructionsthat, when executed, cause performance of the described method,additional operations and/or include the additional elements.

A base station may perform a method comprising multiple operations. Thebase station may transmit, to a wireless device: an indication toinitiate a random-access procedure; and an indication of an antennapanel for the random access procedure, wherein the antenna panel isdeactivated. The base station may determine, based on an antenna panelactivation delay of the antenna panel, a slot for reception of a randomaccess preamble associated with the random access procedure. The basestation may receive, in the slot, the random-access preamble. The basestation may transmit one or more configuration parameters, wherein theone or more configuration parameters may indicate associations betweenone or more random access preamble indexes and a plurality of antennapanels (e.g., at the wireless device), wherein the transmitting theindication of the antenna panel may comprise transmitting a randomaccess preamble index associated with the antenna panel. The determiningthe slot for the reception of the random access preamble may be furtherbased on a bandwidth part (BWP) switching delay. The base station maytransmit one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate associations between one or morereference signal indexes and a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., at thewireless device), wherein the transmitting the indication of the antennapanel may comprise transmitting a reference signal index associated withthe antenna panel. The transmitting the indication to initiate therandom access procedure and the indication of the antenna panel maycomprise transmitting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) ordercomprising the indication to initiate the random access procedure andthe indication of the antenna panel. The determining the slot may bebased on determining a time duration between the transmitting theindication to initiate the random access procedure and the receiving therandom access preamble, wherein the time duration is based on at leastone of a sum or a maximum of: the antenna panel activation delay; and abandwidth part (BWP) switching delay. The transmitting the indication ofthe antenna panel may comprise transmitting at least one of: a soundingreference signal (SRS) resource set index; a reference signal index; ora synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) index. Thetransmitting the indication of the antenna panel may comprisetransmitting a random access preamble index associated with the antennapanel, and wherein the receiving the random access preamble may comprisereceiving the random access preamble associated with the random accesspreamble index. The base station may transmit one or more configurationparameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters mayindicate associations between one or more control resource set (CORESET)indexes and a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wirelessdevice), and wherein the transmitting the indication of the antennapanel may comprise transmitting the indication to initiate the randomaccess procedure via a CORESET with a CORESET index associated with theantenna panel. The base station may transmit one or more configurationparameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters mayindicate associations between one or more search space set indexes and aplurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wireless device), and whereinthe transmitting the indication of the antenna panel may comprisetransmitting the indication to initiate the random access procedure viaa search space set associated with the antenna panel. The transmittingthe indication to initiate the random access procedure may comprisetransmitting the indication to initiate the random access procedure in asecond slot, wherein a time duration between a last symbol of the secondslot and the first symbol of the slot may be based on the antenna panelactivation delay. The base station may transmit one or more messagescomprising one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate a plurality of panel indexes for aplurality of antenna panels (e.g., at the wireless device). The randomaccess procedure may be a contention-free random access procedure. Abase station may comprise one or more processors; and memory storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, causethe base station to perform the described method, additional operationsand/or include the additional elements. A system may comprise a basestation configured to perform the described method, additionaloperations and/or include the additional elements; and a wireless deviceconfigured to send the random access preamble. A computer-readablemedium may store instructions that, when executed, cause performance ofthe described method, additional operations and/or include theadditional elements.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive one or more messages comprising one ormore configuration parameters indicating associations between one ormore random access preambles and a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., atthe wireless device). The wireless device may receive a physicaldownlink control channel (PDCCH) order comprising: an indication toinitiate a random access procedure; and an indication of a random accespreamble of the one or more random access preambles. The wireless devicemay determine an antenna panel among the plurality of the antenna panelsbased on: the associations; and the indication of the random accesspreamble. The wireless device may transmit, via the antenna panel, therandom access preamble for the random access procedure. The associationsbetween the one or more random access preambles and the plurality ofantenna panels may comprise associations between one or more randomaccess preamble indexes of the one or more random access preambles and aplurality of antenna panel indexes of the plurality of antenna panels.The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more randomaccess preamble indexes for the one or more random access preambles. Theone or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of antennapanel indexes for the plurality of antenna panels. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate a plurality of antenna panelindexes for the one or more random access preambles. The PDCCH order maycomprise a random access preamble index, among one or more random accesspreamble indexes, indicating the random access preamble. The PDCCH ordermay comprise a random access preamble index associated with the antennapanel. A first antenna panel of the plurality of antenna panels may beassociated with: a second random access preamble of the one or morerandom access preambles; and a third random access preamble of the oneor more random access preambles. A wireless device may comprise one ormore processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed bythe one or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method, additional operations and/or include the additionalelements. A system may comprise a wireless device configured to performthe described method, additional operations and/or include theadditional elements; and a base station configured to send the PDCCHorder. A computer-readable medium may store instructions that, whenexecuted, cause performance of the described method, additionaloperations and/or include the additional elements.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive, one or more messages comprising one ormore configuration parameters indicating associations between one ormore reference signals and a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., at thewireless device). The wireless device may receiving a physical downlinkcontrol channel (PDCCH) order comprising: an indication to initiate arandom access procedure; and an indication of reference signal of theone or more reference signals. The wireless device may determine anantenna panel among the plurality of the antenna panels based on: theassociations; and the indication of the reference signal. The wirelessdevice may transmit, via the antenna panel, a random access preamble forthe random access procedure. The associations between the one or morereference signals and the plurality of antenna panels compriseassociations between one or more reference signal indexes of the one ormore reference signals and a plurality of antenna panel indexes of theplurality of antenna panels. The one or more configuration parametersmay indicate one or more reference signal indexes for the one or morereference signals. The one or more configuration parameters may indicatea plurality of antenna panel indexes for the plurality of antennapanels. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate aplurality of antenna panel indexes for the one or more referencesignals. The PDCCH order comprises a reference signal index, among oneor more reference signal indexes, indicating the reference signal. ThePDCCH order may comprise a reference signal index associated with theantenna panel. The wireless device may determine one or more randomaccess channel occasions based on the indication of the reference signaland wherein the transmitting the random access preamble comprisestransmitting the random access preamble via the one or more randomaccess channel occasions. A wireless device may comprise one or moreprocessors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by theone or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method, additional operations and/or include the additionalelements. A system may comprise a wireless device configured to performthe described method, additional operations and/or include theadditional elements; and a base station configured to send the PDCCHorder. A computer-readable medium may store instructions that, whenexecuted, cause performance of the described method, additionaloperations and/or include the additional elements.

A base station may perform a method comprising multiple operations. Thebase station may determine to transmit a physical downlink controlchannel (PDCCH) order initiating a random-access procedure for a cell.The base station may, based on the determining, select a controlresource set (CORESET), among a plurality of CORESETS in an activedownlink bandwidth part (BWP) of the cell, with a transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state indicating a downlink referencesignal. The base station may transmit, via the CORESET, the PDCCH order.The base station may, based on the determining, not select a secondCORESET, among the plurality of CORESETs, with a second TCI stateindicating an uplink reference signal. The base station may nottransmit, via the second CORESET, the PDCCH order. The base station maydetermine to transmit a second PDCCH order initiating a secondrandom-access procedure for the cell. The base station may, based on thedetermining to transmit the second PDCCH order, select a third CORESET,among the plurality of CORESETs, with a third TCI state indicating athird uplink reference signal with spatial relation information thatindicates a second downlink reference signal. The base station maytransmit, via the third CORESET, the second PDCCH order. A base stationmay comprise one or more processors; and memory storing instructionsthat, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the basestation to perform the described method, additional operations and/orinclude the additional elements. A system may comprise a base stationconfigured to perform the described method, additional operations and/orinclude the additional elements; and a wireless device configured toreceive the PDCCH order. A computer-readable medium may storeinstructions that, when executed, cause performance of the describedmethod, additional operations and/or include the additional elements.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive, via a control resource set (CORESET), aphysical downlink control channel (PDCCH) order initiating arandom-access procedure, wherein a transmission configuration indicator(TCI) state of the CORESET may indicate an uplink reference signal. Thewireless device may, based on the TCI state indicating the uplinkreference signal, determine a downlink reference signal for transmissionof a random-access preamble of the random-access procedure. The wirelessdevice may transmit, with a transmission power determined based on thedownlink reference signal, the random-access preamble. The wirelessdevice may receive, via a second CORESET, a second PDCCH orderinitiating a second random-access procedure, wherein a second TCI stateof the second CORESET indicates a second downlink reference signal. Thewireless device may, in response to the second TCI state indicating thesecond downlink reference signal, transmit a second random-accesspreamble for the second random-access procedure with a secondtransmission power determined based on the second downlink referencesignal. The wireless device may receive one or more configurationparameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one ormore CORESET indexes for one or more CORESETs, wherein the downlinkreference signal may be associated with a selected CORESET with a lowestCORESET index among the one or more CORESET indexes of the one or moreCORESETs. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one ormore pathloss reference signals (RSs) for a pathloss estimation of anuplink channel, wherein the downlink reference signal may be associatedwith a pathloss RS with a lowest pathloss reference RS index among oneor more pathloss reference RS indexes of the one or more pathlossreference RSs. The downlink reference signal may be associated with asecond TCI state with a lowest TCI state index among TCI state indexesof at least one activated TCI state. The downlink reference signal maybe a third downlink reference signal used for a third random accessprocedure, wherein the third random access procedure is an initialrandom access procedure or a most recent random acess procedure. Thedownlink reference signal may be a third downlink reference signal usedto obtain a master information block (MIB). The transmission power maybe determined based on determining a path loss estimate of the downlinkreference signal. The random-access procedure may be a contention-freerandom-access procedure. The wireless device may monitor a PDCCH in theCORESET based on the TCI state, wherein the monitoring the PDCCH in theCORESET based on the TCI state may comprise at least one demodulationreference signal (DM-RS) port of the PDCCH being quasi co-located withthe uplink reference signal. A wireless device may comprise one or moreprocessors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by theone or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method, additional operations and/or include the additionalelements. A system may comprise a wireless device configured to performthe described method, additional operations and/or include theadditional elements; and a base station configured to send the PDCCHorder. A computer-readable medium may store instructions that, whenexecuted, cause performance of the described method, additionaloperations and/or include the additional elements.

One or more of the operations described herein may be conditional. Forexample, one or more operations may be performed if certain criteria aremet, such as in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment,a network, a combination of the above, and/or the like. Example criteriamay be based on one or more conditions such as wireless device and/ornetwork node configurations, traffic load, initial system set up, packetsizes, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, and/or thelike. If the one or more criteria are met, various examples may be used.It may be possible to implement any portion of the examples describedherein in any order and based on any condition.

A base station may communicate with one or more of wireless devices.Wireless devices and/or base stations may support multiple technologies,and/or multiple releases of the same technology. Wireless devices mayhave some specific capability(ies) depending on wireless device categoryand/or capability(ies). A base station may comprise multiple sectors,cells, and/or portions of transmission entities. A base stationcommunicating with a plurality of wireless devices may refer to a basestation communicating with a subset of the total wireless devices in acoverage area. Wireless devices referred to herein may correspond to aplurality of wireless devices compatible with a given LTE, 5G, or other3GPP or non-3GPP release with a given capability and in a given sectorof a base station. A plurality of wireless devices may refer to aselected plurality of wireless devices, a subset of total wirelessdevices in a coverage area, and/or any group of wireless devices. Suchdevices may operate, function, and/or perform based on or according todrawings and/or descriptions herein, and/or the like. There may be aplurality of base stations and/or a plurality of wireless devices in acoverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, forexample, because those wireless devices and/or base stations may performbased on older releases of LTE, 5G, or other 3GPP or non-3GPPtechnology.

One or more parameters, fields, and/or Information elements (IEs), maycomprise one or more information objects, values, and/or any otherinformation. An information object may comprise one or more otherobjects. At least some (or all) parameters, fields, IEs, and/or the likemay be used and can be interchangeable depending on the context. If ameaning or definition is given, such meaning or definition controls.

One or more elements in examples described herein may be implemented asmodules. A module may be an element that performs a defined functionand/or that has a defined interface to other elements. The modules maybe implemented in hardware, software in combination with hardware,firmware, wetware (e.g., hardware with a biological element) or acombination thereof, all of which may be behaviorally equivalent. Forexample, modules may be implemented as a software routine written in acomputer language configured to be executed by a hardware machine (suchas C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab or the like) or amodeling/simulation program such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, orLab VIEWMathScript. Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible toimplement modules using physical hardware that incorporates discrete orprogrammable analog, digital and/or quantum hardware. Examples ofprogrammable hardware may comprise: computers, microcontrollers,microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs); fieldprogrammable gate arrays (FPGAs); and/or complex programmable logicdevices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers and/or microprocessors maybe programmed using languages such as assembly, C, C++ or the like.FPGAs, ASICs and CPLDs are often programmed using hardware descriptionlanguages (HDL), such as VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) orVerilog, which may configure connections between internal hardwaremodules with lesser functionality on a programmable device. Theabove-mentioned technologies may be used in combination to achieve theresult of a functional module.

One or more features described herein may be implemented in acomputer-usable data and/or computer-executable instructions, such as inone or more program modules, executed by one or more computers or otherdevices. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects,components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks orimplement particular abstract data types when executed by a processor ina computer or other data processing device. The computer executableinstructions may be stored on one or more computer readable media suchas a hard disk, optical disk, removable storage media, solid statememory, RAM, etc. The functionality of the program modules may becombined or distributed as desired. The functionality may be implementedin whole or in part in firmware or hardware equivalents such asintegrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and thelike. Particular data structures may be used to more effectivelyimplement one or more features described herein, and such datastructures are contemplated within the scope of computer executableinstructions and computer-usable data described herein.

A non-transitory tangible computer readable media may compriseinstructions executable by one or more processors configured to causeoperations of multi-carrier communications described herein. An articleof manufacture may comprise a non-transitory tangible computer readablemachine-accessible medium having instructions encoded thereon forenabling programmable hardware to cause a device (e.g., a wirelessdevice, wireless communicator, a wireless device, a base station, andthe like) to allow operation of multi-carrier communications describedherein. The device, or one or more devices such as in a system, mayinclude one or more processors, memory, interfaces, and/or the like.Other examples may comprise communication networks comprising devicessuch as base stations, wireless devices or user equipment (wirelessdevice), servers, switches, antennas, and/or the like. A network maycomprise any wireless technology, including but not limited to,cellular, wireless, WiFi, 4G, 5G, any generation of 3GPP or othercellular standard or recommendation, any non-3GPP network, wirelesslocal area networks, wireless personal area networks, wireless ad hocnetworks, wireless metropolitan area networks, wireless wide areanetworks, global area networks, satellite networks, space networks, andany other network using wireless communications. Any device (e.g., awireless device, a base station, or any other device) or combination ofdevices may be used to perform any combination of one or more of stepsdescribed herein, including, for example, any complementary step orsteps of one or more of the above steps.

Although examples are described above, features and/or steps of thoseexamples may be combined, divided, omitted, rearranged, revised, and/oraugmented in any desired manner Various alterations, modifications, andimprovements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Suchalterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be part ofthis description, though not expressly stated herein, and are intendedto be within the spirit and scope of the descriptions herein.Accordingly, the foregoing description is by way of example only, and isnot limiting.

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, one or moremessages comprising one or more configuration parameters indicating oneor more reference signals; receiving an indication of a reference signalof the one or more reference signals; determining, based on theindication of the reference signal, an antenna resource among aplurality of the antenna resources; and transmitting, via the antennaresource, an uplink signal.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein theantenna resource comprises an antenna panel.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein the reference signal is associated with a quantity of antennaports.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting the uplinksignal comprises transmitting the uplink signal in a slot determinedbased on an antenna panel activation delay.
 5. The method of claim 1,wherein the receiving the indication of the reference signal comprisesreceiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) order comprisingan indication to initiate a random access procedure.
 6. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the receiving the indication of the reference signalcomprises receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) ordercomprising the indication of the reference signal.
 7. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the one or more configuration parameters furtherindicate associations between the one or more reference signals and theplurality of antenna resources, and wherein the determining the antennaresource is based on the associations.
 8. The method of claim 1, whereinthe uplink signal is a random access preamble for a random accessprocedure.
 9. A wireless device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the wireless device to: receive one or more messagescomprising one or more configuration parameters indicating one or morereference signals; receive an indication of a reference signal of theone or more reference signals; determine, based on the indication of thereference signal, an antenna resource among a plurality of the antennaresources; and transmit, via the antenna resource, an uplink signal. 10.The wireless device of claim 9, wherein the antenna resource comprisesan antenna panel.
 11. The wireless device of claim 9, wherein thereference signal is associated with a quantity of antenna ports.
 12. Thewireless device of claim 9, wherein the instructions, when executed bythe one or more processors, cause the wireless device to transmit theuplink signal by causing transmitting the uplink signal in a slotdetermined based on an antenna panel activation delay.
 13. The wirelessdevice of claim 9, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one ormore processors, cause the wireless device to receive the indication ofthe reference signal by causing receiving a physical downlink controlchannel (PDCCH) order comprising an indication to initiate a randomaccess procedure.
 14. The wireless device of claim 9, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate associations between theone or more reference signals and the plurality of antenna resources,and wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the wireless device to determine the antenna resourceby causing determining the antenna resource based on the associations.15. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that,when executed, cause: receiving, by a wireless device, one or moremessages comprising one or more configuration parameters indicating oneor more reference signals; receiving an indication of a reference signalof the one or more reference signals; determining, based on theindication of the reference signal, an antenna resource among aplurality of the antenna resources; and transmitting, via the antennaresource, an uplink signal.
 16. The non-transitory computer readablemedium of claim 15, wherein the antenna resource comprises an antennapanel.
 17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15,wherein the reference signal is associated with a quantity of antennaports.
 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15,wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the transmitting theuplink signal by causing transmitting the uplink signal in a slotdetermined based on an antenna panel activation delay.
 19. Thenon-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein theinstructions, when executed, cause the receiving the indication of thereference signal by causing receiving a physical downlink controlchannel (PDCCH) order comprising an indication to initiate a randomaccess procedure.
 20. The non-transitory computer readable medium ofclaim 15, wherein the one or more configuration parameters furtherindicate associations between the one or more reference signals and theplurality of antenna resources, and wherein the instructions, whenexecuted, cause the determining the antenna resource by causingdetermining the antenna resource based on the associations.